Essay on Natural Resources in Brazil

Brazil is a beautiful country, rich in cultures, colors, languages, and customs. But, as with any country in the world, Brazil has its fair share of social issues, which its people and government no doubt work hard to resolve. This paints a grim picture for those with little or no financial stability, and visitors to the country will likely attest to the fact that poverty is visible and tangible, even to onlookers. On the other hand, The United States and Brazil, the two largest economies and the two largest democracies in the Western Hemisphere, share one of the most important trades and economic relationships in the world. Brazil is our 10th largest trading partner. U.S. goods and services exports to Brazil in 2010 are estimated to be more than $50 billion, which will support more than 250,000 jobs. (Brazil Economic Relationship, 2013). U.S. goods and services exports to Brazil are growing twice as fast as overall U.S. goods and services exports.

Today’s land area in Brazil is 3.288 million miles, there are 13,000 acres of fully formed pasture, 20,300 acres of forest land, and four miles of river water access with no restrictions to obtain unlimited water permits. Brazil is divided into five different geographic regions, the Guiana Highlands; the Brazilian Highlands central and east, the massive Amazon River Basin, the Pantanal wetland areas of the southwest, and the Southern Highlands to the west and south of Curitiba. Brazil's coastline is 4,650 miles long (The Brazilian Coastline n.d.). On the other hand, the United States' land area is 3.797 million miles (World Atlas, 2015), the terrain in the United States has a vast central plain, mountains in the west, hills and low mountains in the east, rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska, rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii.

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For climate in the Northwest coastal region includes Washington and Oregon, and is described as having a marine oceanic climate. The cold weather is mainly because of the mountains. Those mountains are ‘The Rocky Mountains’. These mountains force air upwards the moisture falls as rain at lower levels and falls as snow at higher levels. The Midwest includes Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin. The winters here can be very cold and seem very long. Unlike high plains, this place gets lots of precipitation. The precipitation usually falls as snow. The summers are warmer but not much wetter. If it does rain it usually falls in thunderstorms (Study Academy, n.d.). Part of the reason it does this is that by the time the clouds reach the high plains it has to pass over many mountains. The Midwest includes Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin. Winters here can also be very cold but not like the High Plains these areas get a lot of precipitation including snow in winter (Study Academy, n.d.).This is because they are close to the Great Lakes and even the Gulf of Mexico. Summers are warm but feel worse because of the moisture it is very humid. The warm air can also cause thunderstorms and tornados. This climate is usually described as a humid, continental climate. The Mid-Atlantic region includes New England, Massachusetts, New York, and other Northeast states, and is characterized by large winter storms originating from the Gulf of Mexico. Summers here can have lots of thunderstorms and it can also be very humid (Study Academy, n.d.). Some of the rainfalls can cause lots of damage like floods and the destruction of houses and cars (Study Academy, n.d.). The Southeast includes Alabama, Tennessee, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. They have mild and warm winters and wet and hot summers (Study Academy, n.d.). This climate involves lots of thunderstorms and tornados (Study Academy, n.d.). The South includes Alaska, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Texas. Winters are mild and cool only from being close to the Gulf of Mexico. Summers are wet and hot, again with a lot of thunderstorms. This climate is also similar to the Southeast. On the other hand for Brazil, Belém is the capital and is located in the Northern same with the gateway to the Amazon River. The climate here stands at a steady temperature of 79 degrees Fahrenheit throughout the year (World Travel Guide, n.d.). The city also receives an abundant amount of rain (60mm on average). São Paulo is located in the South-eastern region. It is the country's most populous city. The climate there is subtropical with an instinct four seasons. January is the hottest and wettest month all around. The average temperature is 76 degrees Fahrenheit and 170mm of rain. But the coldest month is June which is usually 66 degrees Fahrenheit (World Travel Guide, n.d.). Next is Rio de Janeiro, It is about 440km east of São Paulo but has a different climate classification. Rio’s summer is from December through February and can be very hot with temperatures reaching 104 degrees Fahrenheit (World Travel Guide, n.d.). The city also receives abundant rainfall (World Travel Guide, n.d.). The hot and wet weather doesn’t stop millions of tourists coming to Rio de Janeiro in January or February for the annual Carnival though. Rio’s winter concludes with warm temperatures averaging 70 degrees Fahrenheit this season in July and through August (World Travel Guide, n.d.). Finally, we have Curitiba which is the capital of the largest city of the Brazilian state of Paraná. Wich is located 478km south of São Paulo, Curitiba is in the south region and has a subtropical highland climate with cold fronts bringing rains in summer and cold wind in winter, February is considered the hottest month with an average temperature of 72 degrees Fahrenheit (World travel guide, n.d.).

The United States has a huge deposit of natural gas, coal, uranium, copper, iron, phosphates, silver, gold, mercury, zinc, lead, bauxite, molybdenum, nickel, petroleum, potash, and many more. The easy availability of natural resources has helped the industrialization process of the United States to a great extent. The huge variety of natural resources contributes a substantial share of the revenue of the US federal government (reliefweb, 2019). The ready availability and abundance of natural resources also provide the nation with a comparative advantage in the global financial markets. Due to the non-renewable nature of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas, and petroleum, the use of renewable sources of energy has gained substantial popularity in the United States in recent times (reliefweb, 2019). The federal and state governments of the United States have put stress on the conservation of natural resources. On the other hand, Brazil is home to several natural resources including the water from the massive Amazon River basin and it only contains minerals (such as gold and platinum), and other resources (reliefweb, 2019).

Natural disasters that occur in the United States are drought, earthquakes, extreme heat, flooding, hurricanes, snow and ice, tornados, tsunamis, volcanos, and wildfires (reliefweb, 2019). Brazil, on the other hand, has landslides, heavy storms, high temperatures, tornados, and earthquakes.

Brazil is not a world power because the crime rate recorded in 2018 was 61,819 murders or on average 198 murders per day, giving a yearly homicide rate of 29.9 per 100,000 population. The average temperature is 73 to 81 °F most people don't like super warm temperatures. The climate varies from hot and dry in the arid interior to humid and sticky in the tropical rainforests of the Amazon jungle. The United States is a world superpower because the average temperature is 55.7 degrees Fahrenheit.

References

1. Brazil. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.worldtravelguide.net/guides/south-america/brazil/weather-climate-geography/
2. The Brazilian Coastline. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~weidenrl/u.htm
3. Brazilian Social Issues. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.brazil.org.za/social-issues.html
4. Fact Sheet: The U.S.-Brazil Economic Relationship. (2013, April 29). Retrieved from https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2011/03/15/fact-sheet-us-brazil-economic-relationship
5. Geography of Brazil, Landforms - World Atlas. (2015, September 29). Retrieved from https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/samerica/brazil/brland.htm
6. Major Climates of Regions of the United States. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/major-climates-of-regions-of-the-united-states.html
7. Natural Disasters Monitoring - February 7, 2019. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://reliefweb.int/report/brazil/natural-disasters-monitoring-february-7-2019
8. Natural Disasters. (2019, April 23). Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/natural-disasters
9. Natural Resources. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.economywatch.com/economy-articles/us-natural-resources.html
10. United States Terrain. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.indexmundi.com/united_states/terrain.html