Entasis in Antiquity Refinements of architecture play an essential role in shaping the visual image and structure of the building. Refinements are conscious decisions made by the architects to revise the otherwise strictly straight lines of the building for aesthetic or practical reasons. Entasis, a slight convex curve of the shaft of a column, is a refinement frequently embodied by...
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There have been many cases of Western Architecture that have been destroyed in acts of war, natural disasters, or because of structural integrity failure. In this paper, we will look into why some buildings were rebuilt, how they were rebuilt, and why some buildings weren’t built the same. Other topics that may be touched on here will also be temporary...
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Moshing as artifact: in relation to the history of the Parthenon. Through August to September of 490 BC, a battle between Athens and Plataea against the Persian Empire erupted in Marathon, Greece; this would be the first of a further series of conflicts between Greece and The Achaemenid Empire. The battle had been instigated by the Greek involvement in the...
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Lying on Acropolis, the magnificent birthplace of Greek myths, Parthenon serves as the most representative figure in Greek culture, and was built to worship Athens' patron deity, Athena. Funded by the Delian League in memory of the victory in the Persian War, Parthenon has also seen a demonstration of absolute Athenian dominance, built right on the debris of the original...
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The thought that great historical monuments should be preserved has its roots in the preservation of the history and beauty expressed by the monuments, but the underlying reasons are often overlooked. In “The Lovely Stones,” writer Christopher Hitchens puts forth a detailed argument that the original Parthenon sculptures should be returned to Greece. Doing so, he employs a variety of...
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As I watch the movie Helen of Troy, at first it was just fine because I tought that it was just desame as other movies, but I was in aw on how bizarre the plot of the story for me is. I'm not really a fan of greek mythology specialy there time back then. I don't hate it at the...
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People create fences in everyday life that either would have a positive effect or a negative effect, meaning keeping away from his or her enemies or keeping her loved ones within close distance. In Fences, by August Wilson, Rose builds three fences that separate and keeps people close to her. The fences that Rose builds around Bono, Cory, and Troy...
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From past to present, there were unending wars that has happened with all cost. Most of the time, these costs were loss of life, land and money. Many weapons were used in wars stones, swords, rifles and so on. And What were these wars for? Was the reason for these wars to survive or to lead a better life? Besides...
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Both the Hellenic and Hellenistic periods offer differences in their architecture. These include the over all design, their building techniques, the location, how they are decorated, and the symbolism related to the temple it self. The piece of architecture that is from the Hellenic period is the Parthenon. Built in 447 BCE, it was finished in 432 BCE. The massive...
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The causes of the Peloponnesian War constitute such a persistent theme in discussions of fifth-century Greek history, in part because of the complexity of the aetiological view of our earliest source, Thucydides. Critics tend to admire Thucydides’ subtle distinction between aitiai es to phaneron legomenai and alethestate prophasis, [but they are generally less comfortable with his formulation of the two...
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As a consequence of this, women were far less represented in Ancient Greek society by a large degree, being unable to obtain any form of citizenship in their city-state – a right even freed slaves had could obtain – and were mainly restricted to their household to raise families. This lack of representation of women in Ancient Greek society was...
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In early June of 480 B.C., a mighty Persian army crossed the Dardanelles strait on two pontoon bridges to continue a brutal advance into Greece. Led by the great king Xerxes, the troops were bound for Thermopylae, a narrow mountain pass named for the area’s hot sulphur springs (Thermopylae means “hot gates”). Seated on the east coast of Greece, between...
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The great Battle of Thermopylae and the valiant fight of 300 fearless Spartans under the command of warrior King Leonidas against 10,000 elite Persian soldiers is one of the most brilliant moments in ancient Greece’s history. And in retrospect, it proved to be no less than a fight for the defense of Western Civilization itself. Although the battle itself was...
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This year is the 2,500th anniversary of the Battle of Thermopylae, when the Spartan king Leonidas and around 5,000 Greek warriors stood boldly against hundreds of thousands of invaders led by the Persian king Xerxes. For two whole days, Leonidas and his men held off the Persians at a narrow pass in central Greece, killing tens of thousands of Xerxes’...
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The Hellenistic period starts in 323 BCE with the death of Alexander the great, and ends with the death of Actino in 31 BC. During this period, there was a important change in art style, specially in sculptures. The artists started to create more dramatic postures, more defined lines, high contrast of light, shadows and even emotions. The artist had...
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Throughout history art has been essential in understanding and interpreting ancient cultures. Greek art has had many different dynamics throughout history, most notably The Hellenistic Age. The various depictions of the god Eros during the Hellenistic Age, gives a glimpse of new sought values and ideals in Greek culture. Hellenistic art consists of distinctive features and characteristics, which set it...
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The Parthenon was a large marble temple for the goddess Athena in the city of Athens overlooking the city and Aegean Sea.Athens was one of many Greek cities and almost all had had an Acropolis. Athens was one of the most powerful city-state and around that time The Parthenon was built. The Parthenon was a Sacred precinct rather than a...
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Mayari, the daughter of Bathala and the Goddess of Combat, War, Revolution, Hunt, Weaponry, Beauty, Strength, Moon and Night who lives in the southern part of the Philippines in Mt. Pinatubo. Mayari is the defender of the moon from Laho, whenever the monster tries to consume it. Also, the moon is her emblem. Helios is the opposite of Mayari, as...
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I personally love Greece and there are numerous reasons why I love this beautiful country. Not only about their history but how the country is so beautiful and how is located at the southeast end of Europa, and geographically. You can see where its located on a map, and surrounded by neighboring countries such as Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania and Turkey....
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The Parthenon was built by the Ancient Greeks and is found in Athens during the pre-Christian’s times. It is preserved as a respected constructed architecture by many individuals. It is established on the application of ancient Greek mythology. It has been known that every mind composite of structures was guarded by different Gods. The intention of the building was a...
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To a first-timer, it may sound rather strange why both Sparta and Athens keep on getting mentioned in the study of Greek and Roman cultures for ancient times. However, the nature of the position which they both occupied as the duo megapolis in ancient Greek times shouldn't be a surprise any longer. They were both city-states and the two biggest...
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Ancient Athens - a world of men who decided everything. The women, children and slaves were not considered a citizen of ancient Athens government while the men were the real citizens. Only men could engage in government elections and higher councils or officials or committees campaign. Men usually left home to farm or do trading each day to raise the...
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The topic left a long-lasting impression on me because of his acts as his life goes on. Some of these impressions were most felt by me was when the class was watching the video on Alexander’s life. Where is the start, he was the most loved person by everyone, but as time passes, he becomes the ruler that nobody likes....
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When Sparta is said, the first impression that comes to mind is power. Also, there is such a phrase like “Spartan power”. However, what is the key role behind such great authority? It is obvious from some sources that Spartans are well-known for their strong military system. It is the main item that the political system, social life, and civilization-...
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Civilization is defined as the stage in which social and cultural improvements are considered the most advanced. In the past, there had been a great number of civilizations that left great signs for future generations. The ancient Greek people were one of those civilizations which had an enormous impact on world civilization. Greece was situated in the southern part of...
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Introduction to Alexander the Great as a Philosopher King Throughout all of history, there have been leaders whose influences have been so impactful that their name and all that it encompasses will never be forgotten. Such leaders include the powerful Macedonian ruler, Alexander the Great. Alexander was known for being both an intellectual and a powerful king. In fact, he...
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Religious Motivations Behind Alexander's Campaign The reasons why Alexander decided to go on a conquest of the Persian Empire. Another motivating factor that could have influenced, and motivated Alexander was that he was motivated for religious reasons. As mentioned previously, when the Persians had managed to force their way into Athens, they had razed the Acropolis of Athens which contained...
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Spartan’s government has been labeled as having a “mixed constitution.” This is because its government is a combination of elements of monarchy, democracy, and oligarchy. An element of monarchy that is evident in Sparta's government is having two hereditary kings. The kings had religious roles such as being recognized as priests of Zeus, military roles including having one of the...
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The reign of Alexander the III as king of Macedon (336 to 323 BC) overthrew the Persian empire, carried Macedonian arms through his ruthless acts of having one ideology, to conquer, India and built the fundamentals during the Hellenistic period of territorial kingdoms. His phenomenal success had many defining factors as to why and how he was ‘Great’, however his...
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