The black death is set upon the city of Thebes, as the people look towards their righteous king, Oedipus for hope and resolution. Oedipus is seen as a hero to the people, but has not identified with himself: 'I grieve for these, my people, far more than I fear for my own life' (Sophocles 163). Oedipus's self-thoughts and heroic beliefs...
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Introduction: William Shakespeare's tragedy 'Othello' is renowned for its masterful use of irony, which adds depth and complexity to the narrative. Irony, a literary device that involves a contrast between what is expected and what actually happens, plays a crucial role in shaping the audience's perception of the characters and their motivations. This critical essay explores the significance of irony...
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Introduction: William Shakespeare's play 'Julius Caesar' is replete with instances of irony, a literary device that adds depth and complexity to the narrative. Irony, often used to convey hidden meanings and unexpected twists, serves as a powerful tool in shaping the audience's understanding of the characters and the events unfolding in the play. This critical essay explores the significance of...
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Romeo and Juliet, a play written by William Shakespeare based in Medieval Verona during the Elizabethan Era was a play that outlined the tragic romance of two teenagers who risk everything to be together because of their family’s longstanding feud. Baz Luhrman adapted the play to create a modern version based on Venice Beach in Miami in 1996. Luhrman has...
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This extract is from ‘Beasts are Rational’ which is part of Plutarch’s collection of essays known as on Moralia. The compilation consists of literary works and touches on political, religious, and ethical issues. The publication date is thought to be around 100 AD. In this text, Plutarch casts an ironic view on human life and behavior, as well as that,...
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“[Austen] began by being an ironical critic; she manifested her judgement of them not by direct censure, but by the indirect method of imitating and exaggerating the faults of her models, thus clearing the fountain by first stirring up the mud. This critical spirit lies at the foundation of her artistic faculty. Criticism, humour, irony, the judgement not of one...
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Jonathan Swift's "A Modest Proposal" is renowned for its masterful use of verbal irony, employing a satirical tone to critique the socio-economic conditions of 18th-century Ireland. Through this essay, Swift unveils the harsh reality of poverty and starvation while simultaneously mocking the callous attitudes of the ruling class towards the poor. This essay will delve into the intricacies of verbal...
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Edgar Allan Poe, renowned for his macabre tales and mastery of the Gothic genre, utilizes verbal irony to great effect in his short story "The Cask of Amontillado." Through the careful manipulation of language and character interactions, Poe creates a chilling atmosphere of deceit and betrayal. This essay will critically analyze the use of verbal irony in the story, exploring...
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J.K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" series is not only beloved for its magical world-building and compelling characters but also for its clever use of verbal irony throughout the narrative. Verbal irony, characterized by a contrast between what is said and what is meant, adds depth and complexity to the storylines, often serving to highlight themes, character development, and plot twists. In...
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Introduction In Roald Dahl's short story "Lamb to the Slaughter," the theme of irony pervades the narrative, adding layers of complexity and depth to the storytelling. Through various forms of irony, Dahl challenges readers' expectations and engages them in a tale of deception and unexpected twists. Situational Irony in Mary Maloney's Actions Mary Maloney is initially depicted as a loving...
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Introduction Irony, a literary device often used to convey subtle meanings or add depth to a narrative, plays a significant role in Arthur Miller's play, "The Crucible." Miller utilizes various forms of irony, including verbal irony, to underscore the dishonesty of the characters and create tension within the narrative. Examples of Verbal Irony In "The Crucible," characters frequently engage in...
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Introduction In Guy de Maupassant's renowned short story "The Necklace," verbal irony serves as a powerful literary device, shedding light on the characters' true intentions and values. Maupassant masterfully employs verbal irony to highlight the stark contrast between appearance and reality, revealing deeper layers of meaning within the narrative. Unveiling Hidden Desires Verbal irony is prominently showcased through the protagonist...
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Introduction Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Pardoner's Tale" is a classic exemplar of medieval literature, rich with elements of irony that add depth and complexity to the narrative. Among the various forms of irony employed by Chaucer, verbal irony stands out as a prominent device, serving to illuminate the characters' motivations and the overarching themes of the tale. The Pardoner's Deceptive Rhetoric...
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Erich Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front is a profound proclamation against war, highlighting its significance in the annihilating impacts on humans. The people of war gave hints of romanticized ideas of being in the front throughout the story for its benefits of obtaining rations of food, and that the conditions were “... excellent”(Remarque, 167). The novel portrays the...
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How Do Writers Protest War War has now become the norm because of its impact on society. Poets include literary devices in their works to help illustrate their meaning. With this, each writer can share their protests against different wars. Writers have used literary devices throughout all of their writings. All four writers protest the war in various ways. The...
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Complex Culture in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Example In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe the author teaches us how the Ibo and are both uncivilized in their own ways. The Ibo are uncivilized in their technology. While are uncivilized in their worldview and the way they treat other people. The text states He had an old rusty...
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What do you first think of when hearing the word Shakespeare? When I hear Shakespeare, I think of the greatest playwright of all time and an actor. But also all the stereotypes that come with it such as how boring his plays are, and hard to understand. But believe me, after studying Shakespeare for over a term now, I have...
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Hard upbringing can often destroy the best in people while bringing out the worst in the individuals who surround them. In the story Fences, Troy Maxon, a middle-aged African American man with a difficult and burdening past, uses the experiences of his ruthless childhood and struggles of early adulthood as an excuse for his cold-heartedness towards his wife and three...
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'What They Fought For 1861-1865,' is a book full of contradictions, irony, and conflicts. The author of the book, James McPherson, has an interesting perspective on the Civil War. When most people learn about the Civil War, they are taught that the South does not understand the agony that the slaves endured. They seemed to only fight because they had...
Irony
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A segment in a story in which the outcome, is completely different from what is expected, or is contradictory to the segment, expresses irony. Flannery O’Connor was a southern born author who often uses irony. O’Connor was an author born in Savannah, Georgia on March 25, 1925. At a young age, O’Connor began to develop a skillful interest and passion...
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Philosophical Fragments, written under the pseudonym 'Johannes Climacus,' is an important component of his philosophical and theological explication, explaining the conceptual distinction between Greek and religious philosophy. Soren Kierkegaard used Johannes Climacus to explain his ideas about how the concept of self fits into faith's vast eternity. In Philosophical Fragments, he starts with Greek Platonic philosophy, delving into the ramifications...
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As we know, in his early work on The Concept of Irony, Sren Kierkegaard examined the subject of irony in depth. Many of the issues raised in this work, such as defining the subject of cognition and subjective self-knowledge, will be addressed in Kierkegaard's following works. References to George W. F. Hegel's thesis also distinguishes this early work. Kierkegaard contrasts...
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He talks a lot about his lack of actual freedom in the opening monologue of ‘The Story of an Hour’. The thought of the husband now not believing his wife comes to the fore in this story in phrases of situational irony. From Webster’s New World College Dictionary, we get this definition: “Freedom is stated to be the absence of...
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In his novel ‘Shibumi’, author Rodney William Whitaker writes, “Irony is fate's most common figure of speech”. Irony is present in almost every situation imaginable—from the small talk made while waiting in line to the foundation of some of the most well-known, acclaimed pieces of literature in history. Simply put, irony is a contrast between expectation and reality— when what...
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Pahom was a hardworking man. But nonetheless, he was a poor peasant. He and his wife seemed content living a stress-free lifestyle, and not having much. “We may never grow rich, but we will always have enough to eat”, his wife would say. Although Pahom agreed, he thought in the back of his mind that his life would be perfect...
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In ‘Bully’ Martin Espada uses the first stanza to introduce the theme of his poem. “In the school auditorium/the Theodore Roosevelt statue/is nostalgic” (lines 1-3). The statue described emanates a nostalgia for the Spanish-American war, which was considered by many to be a morally reprehensible act of hate upon Hispanic people. The author of the poem, Martin Espada, was introduced...
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In the short story ‘Sweat’ by Zora Neale Hurston, the main character Delia is a hardworking woman who does tremendous manual labor as a washerwoman for white folks. Delia has been in an abusive marriage with her husband Sykes for fifteen years, and he enjoys treating her the way that he does. Sykes doesn’t like that Delia works for white...
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Irony occurs when a reader sees that the author is showing that there is a gap between what is thought to be true and what actually is true. Irony is not always immediately apparent to the reader. If ironies are too obvious or heavy, the reader is likely to feel that he or she is being treated as a child....
Irony
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In the play ‘No Exit’, Jean-Paul Sartre implements the ideas of the philosophy of ontology and consciousness. In exploration of these philosophical ideas, like ontology, which is the ‘study of what exists’, the author works to emphasize the importance of self-awareness. Ontology, itself, categorizes the nature of existence into three states of being. These states of being include: being-in-itself, being-for-itself,...
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In ‘The Ransom of Red Chief’, the characters’ actions are the opposite of what is expected, which creates irony. O. Henry, the author, develops irony through contrasting character points of view and uses irony to create humor and surprise. O. Henry begins the story with Sam, the narrator and kidnapper, discussing how he and Bill Driscoll plan to kidnap a...
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