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Population growth is defined as the increase of numbers in a population, whether it be in a country, state, or city. The way that population growth is calculated is with a simple equation; this is the birth rate added to immigration subtracting the death rate and emigration. Population growth affects the government and economy both positively and negatively. It affects them negatively because as more people are joining the workforce, the demands for pensions increase, and affects them positively because it also increases GDP and the economy’s welfare as a result.
China is an example of a country most affected by population growth. First of all, it is because the number of births outweighs the number of deaths, which is associated with new breakthroughs in science and medicine; there are approximately 17.9 million births per year to 9.8 million deaths per year in China. Moreover, more and more people migrate to China because of economic opportunities, tourism, and family issues. And of course, China's population growth is linked to the fact that lack of education is still a problem in this society, illiterates don't understand we need to prevent population growth.
There are many negative effects of population growth in China. One of the social problems is that there is so much more traffic in crowded public transport and traffic in urbanized locations that it lowers the quality of life for many people. Considering that the urban population in China was 606 million in 2007 and has jumped to 813 million in 2017, it is reasonable to say this will only worsen over time if change is not made. Additionally, there are also environmental problems because of the need for China to sustain a growing population, it drains natural resources such as water, wood, coal, metals, and other rare ores, thus the side effects of various types of pollution occur like air pollution being due to the burning of fossil fuels. There are 3.8 million trees cut down every yr in China, and that figure is increasing due to the increase in population and the need for resources.
China was trying to prevent population growth through many means. Such as the ‘one-child policy’ and the encouragement for older males to undergo vasectomies so there are fewer births. Though there is no sign of immediate success with these methods, China has used these as key strategies to deal with this significant issue. China’s population continues to grow at a rate of 0.6 percent per year with an already present population of 1,434,586,591. Considering the negative consequences of this, the country's government should review its policy and find a more effective solution to this serious problem.
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