Chromatography Essays

ABSTRACT High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a chromatographic process used in the fields of analytical chemistry, biochemistry and industrial separation of a mixture of compounds. The key objectives for using HPLC are the detection, quantification and purification of the mixture’s specific components.HPLC plays an important and critical role in the pharmaceutical industry as it is used to test the products and detect the raw ingredient used to make them, i.e. qualitative and quantitative analyzes. In addition, the value of HPLC...

Analysis High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with the Pre-Column Fluorescence Derivatization is a method in which the separation and ultra-sensitive detection of a substances occur. This sensitive method simultaneously detects eight amino acids (AAs); glycine, alanine, serine, glutamic Acid, arginine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. These AAs has been developed and validated in different species of tea. Moreover, the method was validated and successfully applied to determine the AAs content in tea species (the tea products (green, black, oolong, and white)...

Phytoconstituents are defined as the chemical compounds that can be found naturally in plants where the word phyto means “plant” in Greek. Isolation and purification of phytoconstituents is the most difficult and complex operation in phytopharmaceutical research. Plant extracts are complex mixtures which contain hundreds or thousands of different constituents. Plant constituents presence in a crude extract make the isolation and measurement of active constituents more difficult. Examples of phytoconstituents are fats, sugars, tannins and so on. Powerful separation techniques...

Chromatography is used to distinguish various components from product mixtures. All types of chromatography have a stationary phase (a solid or a solid-based liquid) and a mobile phase (a liquid or a gas). The mobile phase moves through the stationary phase. Distribution of analyte takes place through columns has stationary phase fixed into its internal surface area. The coloumn is intended to permit two procedures to happen that will create the separation. Right off the bat, because of various forces...

The chemistry behind soda is very interesting. Soda is made of four main ingredients: Carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup phosphoric acid and in most cases caffeine. Carbonated acids are a main part of soda they help make the fizz of the soft drink carbonated acid is made by pumping carbon gases into water (H2CO3). The carbonated acids are then combined with Water and Carbon Dioxide to make Carbonic Acids which is the full makeup of the fizz of the...

Chromatography is the best technique for identifying different chemicals within a mixture. Rationale Forensic chemistry is the application of chemistry, forensic toxicology, in a legal setting. A forensic chemist can assist in the identification of unknown materials found at a crime scene. Forensic Chemists have a wide array of methods used to identify unknown substances including HPCL chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thin layer chromatography. These different types of methods is important due...

INTRODUCTION Food analysis is a very important branch of analytical chemistry which provides data about chemical composition of food stuffs, contaminants and ensures safety of foods during import and exports. Many compounds which are found in nature, can be chiral which may have one or more chiral center and can exist as enantiomers. Enantiomers exhibits similar physico-chemical properties with assymetric molecular configuration and they are not superimposable mirror images of each other. They rotate the plane polarized light in opposite...

Introduction The rise of obesity has increased dramatically due to our lifestyle, how our food is prepared and our consumption of convenient fast food at our finger tips. In the case study that I will be discussing it’s about a 18year old male, known as John, and for his age he is overweight by 40 kilograms. His level of obesity, is due to his consumption of a very high rich carbohydrate diet, especially in the form of ‘junk food’. If...

Rationale Forensic chemistry is the application of chemistry, forensic toxicology, in a legal setting. A forensic chemist can assist in the identification of unknown materials and instruments found at a crime scene. Forensic Chemists have a wide array of methods used to identify unknown substances including High performance liquid chromatography (HPCL), gas chromatography (GC), atomic absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thin layer chromatography. These different types of methods are important due to the critical nature of some instruments...

Chromatography is an important physical technique that is used for separation, identification, and purification of multi-component mixtures for qualitative and quantitative analysis (Coskun, 2016). There are many types of chromatographic systems such as liquid chromatography, which began in the late 1930s (Guiochon, Felinger, Shirazi and Katti, 2006), and gas chromatography, which was developed in the 1950s (Scott, 1995). A very important type of chromatography known as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) has been developed as a logical improvement to overcome the...

Introduction According to Giddings and Keller (2016), chromatography is a technique used to separate solutes from a mixture. It is widely used for separation and identification of biological compounds, or to analyse mixtures. An example of its use is separation of pigments from dyes. Identification of compounds is done by using retention factor values, simply known as Rf values. The objective of this experiment is to separate the pigments of chlorophyll, from leaves from four different species of plants, namely...

Introduction The multi-exposure to various mycotoxins may lead to additive, synergic or antagonist toxic effects (Ficheux et al, 2012) to humans and animals. This may cause chronic and acute diseases thereby calling for food safety measures. Many countries have setup strict regulations for mycotoxin control in food and feed and established legislation to control their possible contamination (Juan et al., 2012). The most frequently studied mycotoxins on which there are more data are TRC (Trichothecenes), FMs (Fumonisins), ZEN (Zearalenone), AFs...

Introduction Forensic investigations: defined by applications of principles to matter (Merriam, 2019). Examined through analytical techniques; procedures for analysis of facts, issues, or status- generally are tasked and time-limited (ManagementMania, 2016). However, with increased effectiveness- accuracy of findings will intensify and limitations will decrease. Chromatography is a technique used within forensics- separating components of a chemical mixture relying on the differential affinities of substances for a mobile and an absorbing, stationary medium which they pass (Farlex, 2020). This fundamental concept:...