England and France’s colonial endeavors and their interactions with native Americans reflected their social and economic motives for colonization. New France’s goal of profiting off creating Catholic missions amongst native Americans required partnerships with them. England's frosty relationship with its native American neighbors reflected their insular goal of creating colonies with a puritanical worldview. When analyzing England and France’s motives for violent encounters against native Americans, it becomes clear that France viewed violence as a cost of doing business while...
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The 1904 Louisiana purchase exposition celebrated the centennial of the 1803 purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France, which represented the first major expansion of American territory (Kennedy, 1998). The fair displayed various exhibits ranging from the field of architecture, agriculture, technology, art, and history. Among these, the anthropological exhibit had gained much attention, organizers brought people from the Philippines, the Arctic, and elsewhere to the fairgrounds as set pieces among re-creations of their home environment or villages (Taylor, 2019)...
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Well known to generations of readers and reaching almost a century of age, the novel Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad has not lost any of its ability to astonish and dismay. The novel continues to be, to many degrees, a significant starting point for discussions on modernity, coloniality, glorification of Western hypocrisy, and societal ambiguities. However, in more recent analyses of the novel, many have found that it offers a less than inclusive approach to racial issues and that...
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Throughout the eighteenth century, we saw a lot of changes happening not just in Europe but also in North American colonies. Politics, freedom of speech, racial segregation, and religion was among this movement. Politics were starting to re-develop in North America and have a more democratic quality to them if compared to Great Britain, as demonstrated in ‘The Independent Reflector on Limited Monarchy and Liberty’. People had more freedom to express themselves through magazines, newspapers, etc. knowing that their words...
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The underwater environment consists of both biotic and abiotic sounds that closely related to reproduction and survival of marine organisms (Slabbekoorn et al., 2010).Biotic sounds are produced by living, non-human sources such marine mammals, fish and invertebrates, as for odontocetes (toothed whaled, dolphins and porpoises) where the sound generated by high-pressure air being blown over a bone structure called as phonic that enables the animal to recirculate and reuse air without loss toward the ocean (David L & Richard, 2008)....
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We live on a blue planet, with oceans and seas covering more than 70 per cent of the Earth’s surface. Oceans feed us, regulate our climate, and generate most of the oxygen we breathe. We can make a long list of how the oceans and marine life are important to us. Oceans cover more than 70 per cent of the earth’s surface. They contain 99 per cent of the living space on earth. Without this space for organisms to survive,...
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Ocean mapping consists of different techniques and resolutions of quality all of which have benefits. 100% of the ocean seafloor has been mapped with a horizonal resolution of 1 to 12 kilometres by the Geosat and ERS-1 spacecraft (Smith and Sandwell 1997). However less than 10% of the global ocean has been mapped by sonar technology (NOAA 2018). Although the knowledge of the ocean floors terrain and its depths are known, the detail of the floor its self is vague....
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Panfilo de Narvaez, a Spanish discoverer and soldier that helped defeat Cuba, also served as a captain and leader for the Florida expedition in the early 1500’s. The purpose of this expedition was to colonize Florida. Narvaez was able to lead this expedition by being a part of the Spanish court, which was granted to him by King Charles. Although, he was granted with such an important role for this expedition, this did not mean it was an easy process...
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History The Effects of Colonization on Native Americans Though European travelers and settlers referred to the Americas as “the new world”, there was nothing new about the lands they had “discovered”. For thousands of years, Native people roamed the lands freely in the form of hundreds of different tribes. They built communities, practiced their own religions, spoke their own languages, and lived their own lives, uninterrupted. That all changed the day Columbus landed on San Salvador, October 12, 1492: “Columbus...
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Bradford narrates the story of establishing the Plymouth Colony by Pilgrims who arrived in America in 1620 and the subsequent history of the Colony. His work focuses on showing how the success (as well as failure) of Puritans occurs according to God’s will. Additionally, he emphasizes how the Pilgrims’ faith plays a role in setting up a Godly settlement that allows them to live by their own beliefs. Particularly, the Pilgrims’ deep faith is the message Bradford intends to pass...
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The road to the confederation of Canada was not just one event; it was a battle between many ups and downs to get Canada to where it is right now. It consisted of many different conferences and negotiations. The union of the British North American colonies such as New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland was involved. Confederation was a slow process of learning how to nation bond and eventually coming to terms to unite as one. Understanding...
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Values can be defined as a person's “principles or standards of behavior; one's judgment of what is important in life” and they, furthermore, play an important role in most literature (Dictionary.com). In the short story “of Plymouth Plantation,” Pilgrims, also referred to as colonists, journey by boat to Virginia and encounter the Native Americans. After years of disagreement, the Natives and colonists feast together. They strengthen values of stability through religion and reliance on community. This short story shoes different...
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Depictions of the great northern wilderness are often found in Canadian literature. The natural environment and the landscape of Canada have always been a fundamental part of the identity of the country and of the country’s literature. In different works, we find that the natural world is portrayed differently yet similarly, and looking at Charles Mair’s A Ballad for Brave Women and Thomas D’Arcy McGee’s Jacques Cartier, we notice how landscape and the natural environment play a significant role in...
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I. Puritans History and Immigration to The New World: Puritanism was a religious reform movement; it had a fundamentalist protestant belief. Puritans believed that it was necessary to be in a covenant relationship with God in order to be redeemed from one’s sinful condition. According to puritans, preaching and the holy spirit were the instruments of salvation, they emphasized preaching on images extracted from scripture and everyday experiences. The puritan’s teachings were influenced by Calvinist typology and policy. The combination...
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John Dickenson, “letter from a farmer in Pennsylvania” (1767) John Dickinson who wrote Letters from a Farmer lived from 1732-1808. He was also known as a moderate before signing The Declaration of Independence in 1776. John Dickenson was opposed to breaking away from England and believed in the rights of Englishmen. He viewed the attempts of taxation on the colonists as violations of the rights he believed he was afforded as an English man and opposed them. However, he did...
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Background Since Simón Bolívar’s independence movement resulted in the liberation of most of the Americas, Latin America has lived with a certain affinity for military leaders and their charisma. This affinity has been a blessing and curse with the likes of Peron and Pinochet creating terror in their countries with the use of military regimes. Venezuela, even though blooming with oil wealth as one of the richest countries in the world, would be no exception to that. It would all...
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The lovely country of Venezuela is a sight to see. It deserves to be recognized not only for its stunning landmarks like the Angel Falls and the Orinoco Delta but also for its lovely people. The citizens of Venezuela embody the spirit of resilience and companionship, especially in this time of desperation. Home to some of the most beautiful scenery, dynamic culture, and tasty cuisines, Venezuela is a country full of life and character, making it an inviting travel destination....
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This whole debate over Taxation and Representation had become an important discussion topic for the colonists of British and the Parliament during the years 1763 to 1775. There had been an enormous difference in the perspectives of Great Britain and the American colonies. It has also been concluded that somehow the colonies did not represent themselves individually in the Parliament and therefore, correspondingly, the British taxes had also been interpreted as “taxation without representation”. First, from the American perspective, in...
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Latin American colonies built their independence off a foundation of colonization and conquest. In search for unity and peace, the colonies worked hard to obtain their freedom from the Crown. Although there was a struggle, the journey of Latin America stems from its inhabitants. Friction caused by prejudices, discrimination, and exploitation from the Spanish Crown on the residents of Latin America initiated their uprising. There were many contributing factors leading to the independence of most of Latin America by 1830,...
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In his controversial pamphlet, The True Interest of America, Irish clergyman Charles Inglis forewarned death and despair if the American colonies separated from Great Britain—no matter the victor. If Mother England squashed the colonists, Inglis feared to “receive terms from her in the haughty tone of a conqueror.” If she lost to the ragtag rebels, Inglis could not imagine “what extremities her sense of resentment and self-preservation will drive Great Britain to?” Regardless of the outcome, Britain would “risk everything...
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Currently, in the world we live in, there is a growth of corruption in governments all around the world, which negatively affects the lives of millions of people. This ultimately undermines the values and institutions of democracy. However, there is a specific country in South America that is currently undergoing one of the most tragic crises of all time. Hello, my name is Gabriel Fusaro, and today I will be informing you of the political, economic, and environmental crises in...
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Under British rule, America underwent many changes which not only impacted its economy but also brought on a shift in culture and politics. Before the 1660s, the policies adopted by the British in ruling their American colonies were influenced by the politics of England. England’s domestic politics was characterized by instability in the 17th and 18th centuries and thus the policies adopted in the American colonies failed. In addition to this, the colonies were disoriented, and this prevented the establishment...
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One foreign policy action that the US was involved in was during the early 1800s when France was at war and in desperate need of money, Napoleon offered the United States the Louisiana territory for $15 million. Thomas Jefferson, decided to accept the deal and bought the Louisiana Territory. Jefferson’s decision caused numbers of disputes amongst the people of the United States. However, Jefferson’s decision resulted in differences of opinion among the American people. Many people supported the decision Thomas...
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The Louisiana Purchase was one of the most controversial things Thomas Jefferson has done during his presidential term. To put it simply, it was a land deal between France and America. It started when Napoleon Bonaparte, a successful French military leader, and statesman, gave an offer to Jefferson. ?How is this relevant? Born on a small French island, Napoleon will soon have a great impact, not only in his home country-France- but also in America. When Napoleon was leading the...
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During the 1800s, America had foreign policies that impacted its citizens. The Louisiana Purchase impacted the American citizens because it was a big purchase that helped America grow into a larger nation and the declaration of war against Mexico was another event that impacted the American citizens because it made the US go to war which could lead to positive outcomes if the US wins this war or negative results if they lose. The two events also had lots of...
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During the 1800s and 1900s, the United States had multiple foreign policies. These foreigen policies caused many disagreements among the American people. Two examples are the Louisiana Purchase and maintaining neutrality in World War I. Some Americans agreed with the foreign policy while others opposed them. Throughout United States history, the government has taken foeign policy actions that have resulted in differences of opinion among the American people. These actions have had impacts on the United States and on other...
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Georgia, was the thirteenth and last province to be set up. James Edward Oglethorpe was the moving power behind the establishing of the settlement. Oglethorpe was a rich Londoner who consumed his time on earth working with poor people. He accepted that the settlement would be a superior spot to send destitute individuals, a considerable lot of whom were in account holder's detainment facilities. Establishing another settlement toward the south of South Carolina additionally filled the vital needs of England,...
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During the 1600’s, there were many similarities and differences between the Northern and the Southern colonies. For example, two differences that they had were the climate and growing, also their economy. A similarity was their relationship with the Native American. Throughout the struggles that the Northern and Southern colonies faced, they were able to overcome those challenges Each colony has its own way on how they built their own society. For example, for the Southern Colonies was from the production...
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Have you ever wondered how Canada was found, and who found it? The answer is, Jacques Cartier (1491-1557). Jacques Cartier was an explorer that sailed for France. He made three voyages in total, to Newfound land (nowadays Canada), each of them with a different story and a different purpose. His voyages include finding goods, attempts of colonization, making friends with Indians, finding rivers, and mountains that are now very famous. For example, did you know Jacques Cartier found Mont Real...
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After America’s discovery, most of Europe has started settling towards the coast, claiming anything that they could find. With insufficient discoveries of wealth, slavery and land grants became more prominent. During the 17th century, the transport and use of white indentured servants, natives, and African slaves have begun becoming consequential at that time. What makes slaves so favorable is not just the assistance they provide but the economic increases they supply for their master’s and society as a whole. Although...
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