Are our privileges being dismissed when police use DNA databases, for example, 23andme to get suspects? Cases that started the discussion, for example, the Golden State Killer began the discussion regarding the matter. This has also led to the debates about if it is an ethical action to take and if it dismisses our rights to privacy. Will this lead...
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DNA fingerprinting otherwise called hereditary fingerprinting, DNA composing, and DNA profiling is an atomic hereditary technique that empowers ID of people utilizing hair, blood, semen, or other organic examples, in light of extraordinary examples in their DNA. One of a kind DNA fingerprints emerge because of confinement catalyst processing of a person's couple rehash loci. In people having a place...
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Introduction DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a rich source of evidence used in forensic investigations. It is extracted from the nucleus from biological samples such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, saliva, urine and the hair of the root. Every individual has a unique DNA sequence. This is known as a ‘profile’. In the 1980s, Alec Jefferey (14) had discovered that a...
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Abstract This paper will discuss the methods and applications of gel electrophoresis. This researcher will address the production of a gel from agarose and a buffer solution. The role of the gel, the buffer solution, and the intricacies of the electrophoresis machine will be capitalized upon. The laboratory experiences of this researcher in extracting DNA from plant-based materials will be...
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The process of DNA Electrophoresis is very intricate; there are many factors that can push the experiment either way. If done right Electrophoresis can help change the world in a dramatic way. The most advanced discoveries have come from DNA Electrophoresis like: cloning, DNA Fingerprinting, and the discovery of DNA’s shape and form it takes. DNA Electrophoresis is a long...
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DNA is composed of three parts- a phosphate group, a 5-carbon (pentose) sugar called deoxyribose, and a nitrogenous base. In DNA, there are four kinds of nitrogenous bases. These bases are called adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). DNA is a negatively charged particle, and its negative charge comes from the phosphate component. “The backbone of DNA...
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Introduction You have asked me to research DNA test kits, which are tests that analyze a sample of an individual’s DNA and look for specific characteristics associated with different conditions. These tests can reveal genealogical information, health information, and also establish legal paternity. DNA tests can also be used in forensic science to help solve active cases. Background DNA, which...
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Introduction Shelf life of food is the maximum time that the food produce can be stored, during which duration the quality remains acceptable for storage. Food industries face major challenges in storage and transportation after harvesting of fruits due their highly perishable nature. Ripening is followed by decaying due to accumulation of toxic components which Is the result of increased...
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The use of DNA evidence in courts have grown in recent years, in fact, DNA testing has over the years helped law enforcement identify as well as solve difficult crimes. DNA evidence has over the years has helped prove that most convicted people are, in fact, innocent. However, although DNA evidence can be accurate, there is often a danger of...
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DNA isolation is a process that deals with the purification of DNA from a given sample with the help of physical and chemical methods. According to -, DNA was first isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869. Of recent, it is a routine procedure used in both molecular biology and forensic analyses. In regards to the chemical method, there are many...
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Introduction Protein–DNA interactions play a critical role in the molecular biology of all organisms. For example, the ∼3.3 billion base pairs human genome is estimated to code for at least several thousand DNA-binding proteins, including transcription factors, nucleases, repair proteins, topoisomerases, structural proteins, and DNA and RNA polymerases. The experimental research aims to isolate DNA plasmid from an E. coli...
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The DNA Structure is important for determining the structure of protein.The DNA is located in the nucleus.The nucleus is an organelle found in cells. Inside its fully enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. The purpose of DNA is that it controls and gives cells to our entire bodies.Such as: genes, lungs, fingers, skin, etc....
DNA
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Introduction The question of how to define what a species is has been a contentious issue for as long as the concept has been around. Even without a consensus on definitions the idea of a species is fundamental to all fields of biology, especially so with evolutionary biology. The term “I know it when I see it” can be a...
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ABSTRACT To take complete advantage of the large and rapidly increasing body of sequence information, advanced technologies are very much required. Among the most powerful tools for genomics are high-density arrays of oligonucleotides or cDNAs. Exploration of the genome using DNA microarray should narrow the gap in our knowledge between gene function and molecular biology. Nucleic acid arrays or simply...
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For those that watch television crime dramas, the use of DNA evidence appears to be the final nail in the conviction coffin. Television portrays DNA as direct evidence; evidence that proves the existence of the fact without the use of interferences or presumptions. In reality, DNA is wholly circumstantial in nature. In this paper I will be focusing on what...
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Many believe that DNA is the silver bullet in a crime scene investigation, to which I strongly disagree. Quoting Chris Alpen, ‘DNA can never replace a thoughtful, creative detective with the right resources’, and that ‘technology is ultimately a system run by humans where mistakes can and will be made, regardless of how advanced it is.’ DNA is powerful in...
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Life is a DNA driven programme and death results from its technical failure. Protein and DNA were evolved naturally from the gas present in the environment of the primitive world. It was the effect of high voltage thunderbolts and asteroid hits on the surface of the earth. Millions of years ago passage of the high voltage energy across the environmental...
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Abstract An important method used in biology is plasmid purification. What makes this method so important is because a purified plasmid sample is essential for many experiments, including important techniques like DNA sequencing. Purified E.coli plasmid pBR322 using gel electrophoresis and a calibration curve were used in this experiment to quantify the size of the purified plasmid. Examples were examined...
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The origin of DNA fingerprinting was discovered in 1984 by Dr Alec Jeffreys (Jackson and Jackson, 2011, p. 158). Over the decades, with technical developments in genetics, the original DNA fingerprinting procedure has undertaken a variety of modifications and refinements. DNA profiling has become so precise and sensitive that in the United Kingdom it is no longer allowed to be...
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In the last few decades there has been an increasing interest on how genes affect children’s learning processes and development. Nowadays, researchers are trying to find out what exactly is contributing in education, what are the important outcomes any educational professional should know and how education can be improved. Biological factors are actually being measured in different studies to be...
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Abstract In this Research Paper, the reader will be able to learn what is the meaning, the purpose, and how DNA databases are used. DNA databases are not just lists of DNA collected by law enforcement from individuals and crime scenes, and they are also created by profit and non-profit organizations. This paper also has my personal opinion as the...
DNA
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In 1940, biologist had a hard time accepting DNA as genetic information due to its chemistry (The Structure and Function of DNA, n.d.). DNA is a nucleic acid and is where genetic information is stored in a molecule to build and maintain an organism (DNA structure and function, 2014). DNA is known as the molecule of heredity (Gaughan, 2019). The...
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Everything in the universe is made of plenty of different types of atoms such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and so on, but plenty of them do not have life; for example, they can be clothes, machines, papers, and so on. Even though they do not have life, they are very useful for human beings’ life, so we need to be...
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Abstract Through the lens of this experiment, it shows that the gene Rfp encoding, a mutant of the red fluorescent protein - a product of the coral Discosoma striata, AmilCp encoding for the blue chromoprotein from Acropora millespora were duplicated into a pTTQ18 plasmid vector. Accompanied with the amplified PCR of the DNA fragments encoding carrying the Rfp and AmilCp...
DNA
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Abstract The exploitation of shark species to satisfy the high market demand is now becoming a worldwide concern since the numbers for many species of these apex predators are now declining at an alarming rate. Shark DNA extracted from shark samples collected from the Australian fisheries management, amplified and used for identification. Although there are different methods of identifying a...
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DNA database plays an important role in the world, specifically the criminal and forensic world. DNA database, in this case forensic DNA database. The term DNA database refers to a collection of DNA samples and any other evidence stored as DNA profiles. DNA database could be extremely useful during criminal investigations. For example comparing a DNA sample, specifically taken from...
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Introduction DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vital coding that makes up the entirety of an organism (Lesk, 2005). These long, double helix structures contain four nucleotides which sequentially create nucleic acids, then consequently combine in different ways to form specific proteins that perform various tasks for the organism during its lifetime (Sanderson, 2007). Once the animal reproduces, this genetic coding...
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Abstract DNA analysis is very important in forensics as it is a method to discover a victim or perpetuator of a crime. The study done was to extract DNA using a buccal swab and analyse it using a capillary gel electrophoresis which was then compared to determine the perpetuator of a crime. The DNA was extracted, quantity of DNA determined...
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Introduction Deoxyribonucleic acid, often abbreviated to DNA, is found in the nucleus of the cells of almost all living organisms on earth. DNA contains the genetic instructions for making proteins and how an organism will develop, live and reproduce, and is often referred to the building block of life for organisms (reference). DNA is arranged in a spiralling double helix...
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Rationale Regarding the claim made that ‘Sex linked genetic diseases affect more males than females’, many queries and investigations were raised. These then led to questions such as ‘What is a sex-linked genetic disease?’ and ‘What are inheritance patterns?’. The claim did not specify what kind of diseases were studied and what quantitative number of males were affected and that...
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