Abstract This paper is to discuss civil society and its role in promoting accountability in Botswana. This is to discuss the duties of civil society in Botswana and how they promote accountability. BOTSWANA COUNCIL OF NON-GOVERMENTAL ORGANISATIONS ( BOCONGO) as a civil society in Botswana is to be analyzed and assessing its role in promoting government accountability. The paper will...
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Individuals in the UK can be held criminally responsible from the age of 10. As such, perceptions that are held by the public regarding individuals at this age can differ hugely and is an important topic regarding the accountability of people’s actions in society. In addition to age, the gender of a perpetrator may very well also have an effect...
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Conclusion and Recommendations The primary objective of this research is to analyse how the EP oversight role in the EU budget discharge enhances accountability. After assessing the 2017 EU budget discharge, a number of conclusions have been drawn; these conclusions are rooted on two ends; the accountability elements and the oversight tools employed by the EP in executing the 2017...
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A Clarion Call for Inclusive Responsive Leadership Accountability For centuries, leaders have been lauded for their excellence. Whether decision-making, driving execution, or pursuing results, their collective expertise has helped the world successfully navigate industrial and technical revolutions, world wars, economic recoveries, and a multi-generational workforce (among other notable achievements). However, as globalization expands, many of those acclaimed leaders have failed...
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Literature 1 Sowmya Kidambi (2012), studied on “Why It Is Important for NGOs to establish their credibility when every sector is under the scanner?” In this study, she described that as civil society organizations, nascent political formations increasingly demand transparency and accountability from the political establishment, and executive, it is ethically necessary that they develop institutional structures and systems for...
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Over the years , Australian federalism ‘cake’ has become more and more marble like under the banner of collaborative or cooperative federalism leading to more overlapping , ambiguity, duplication, bureaucracy and accountability deficit . The theoretical merit of decentralised power and therefore decentralised responsiveness had created an accountability deficit. Accountability in simple terms is to account for ones actions to...
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“An education system needs both school accountability and school autonomy to raise attainment.” Do you agree? Explain your reasons. The state of the school system has increasingly become a concern for societies. The questioning on which systems work more efficiently to advance the cognitive and non-cognitive skills of students has installed the endeavour to seek reforms that increase attainment. Thus,...
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ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence has been in place since the year 1956, but considering the recent momentous acceleration in the accounting and finance industry it has become the vital topic in business. It plays a foremost role in the way the functions are performed in an organisation. Recently, Artificial Intelligence has revolutionised the efficiency, quality and time taken to accomplish these...
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Abstract Can India take the big step by combining artificial intelligence with taxation? The major source of revenue for the Government is through taxes. So, can we move towards a system wherein AI will help taxation system to be clear, easy and more compliant? Extensive use of AI & ML will definitely help our tax authorities to be vigilant about...
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Answer to Question 1 The amounts that Joe should include in his taxable income for the year ended 30 June 2019 is as follows: Income received from clients for electrical services of $150000 should be included in the tax returns under section 6-5 as ordinary income under ITAA 1997. Any deductions that can be claimed against this income is allowed...
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Financial reporting has seen great advancements since its very conception as societies trusted form of corporate communication. Disclosures required within sets of financial accounts is an area which has attracted many different viewpoints for a number of years. Some argue that sets of accounts provide all the essential information in one central place, allowing comparisons to be made and vigorous...
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1.0 Introduction Accounting fraud happens in a many of ways that includes deliberate acts, including misappropriation or manipulation to financial reports or documents relating to things such as expenses, sales and profits. Accounting misconduct may be perpetrated by staff, accountants or the company itself. An organization may distort its financial reports by exaggerating its revenue or assets, not recording costs...
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Accounting can apply to many different fields in the business world, so it is a useful degree to obtain. So, what is accounting? In laymen’s terms accounting is the recording of a person or companies finances. Accounting has two main categories: managerial accounting, financial accounting. Managerial accounting is mainly used for the internal users of a company and often does...
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Introduction Thesis statement Ethical Issue: Can readily available answers of a test over the internet in an OBOW exam create dilemma to consider the behavior of taking advantage of the situation an academic misconduct? What kind of steps are to be taken in such a situation? Background Horizon university was founded in 1940 and was one of the top universities...
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1. Introduction of the problem Artificial intelligence nowadays plays an important role in lots of area, includes the accounting field. What does the effect AI have on accounting? AI can be helpful to accountants in many ways, but also being a risk to accountants in the meanwhile. We will talk about the introduction, the research questions and hypothesis, the background,...
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Introduction According to WHO, the four major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the world include of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory diseases. Poor diet and obesity are most common preventable risk factor for the occurrence of the NCDs. Globally 40 million deaths occur due to it. While in Australia 90% of the deaths occur due to NCDs [1] In...
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Introduction Accounting is basic of the business and without the accounting; it is not possible to run the business in the effective manner. Accounting determines the rules and regulations that determine the ways to record the financial transaction. In this way, the main aim of this report is to enhance the knowledge and understanding on accounting. This report is also...
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Introduction Ethics is a system of moral norms for individual or any social or professional group. The term 'Medical ethics' is known for a very long time and the role of an auditor could be easily compared with the role of a doctor. Only with a difference that auditor’s beneficial effect is not aimed for an individual but a company...
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i. Introduction The beginning of auditing can be traced as far back as to ancient times, however the financial audit that we know of today is a relatively new practice and is constantly changing. As technology advances, we move further away from manual audit procedures and towards an automated audit. One of the most important technologies playing a role in...
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Introduction West (2018) describes ethics as someone’s moral principles of good or bad behaviour where it’s not based on consequences of these actions. Another view of ethics involves having a sense of duty to do the right thing as a company and for others (Hoover and Pepper, 2015). Tax avoidance is understood as deliberately sidestepping taxes to lower the tax...
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Question: 1 The introduction: Tax liability: Income tax payable is a type of account in the curreincome and brings within its scope all the taxable income, profits or gains of an assessed which fall outside the scope of any other head. Therefore, when any income, profit or gain does not fall precisely under any of the other specific heads but...
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Students who have chosen to major in accounting may or may not have an idea of what they’d like to do, but the career options before them are numerous and worthy of breaking down. These post-graduation careers vary in the type of work that’ll be required and the sort of environment that accompanies them. The careers may have different qualifications...
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Introduction Developments in auditing have always been driven by corporate scandals (Economist, 2018). Huge scandals such as Enron and WorldCom, that left the world without confidence for the audit sector, led the FRC to tighten regulations. Most recently, the collapse of Carillion and BHS and the almost failure of Patisserie Valerie have come to light. The FRC along with other...
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This essay will critically discuss and evaluate auditing theory in relation to the audit industry by paying particular attention to Flint’s postulate; “the essential distinguishing characteristics of audit are the independence of its status and its freedom from investigatory and reporting constraints” . Primarily this essay will investigate how this postulate is linked to the agency theory alongside the lending...
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Taxes help the government operate and work out and really make the economy thrive. Taxes usually increase over the years and some citizens do not abide by the law of this civic duty. Taxes can be hard to pay but it’s a big price of having to do civic duties if you’re in the United States. Taxes help with most...
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Executive Summary The main purpose of this report is to gather own personal skills, which can help to evaluate what has been learnt and plan how to develop more or improve them. Methods including analyse experiences before and during university to identify skill areas which relate to personal and professional development. Different people have their preferred learning style, which understands...
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Abstract We will talk about the definition of Audit and then will continue with it’s importance and objectives and then go to main research title which is “The Different Types Of Audit” and speak about everyone of them in details. the objectives of the audit can be categorized into (primary objectives, and subsidiary objectives). And there are many importance of...
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Abstract In this paper we will look at the connections between the reputations of auditors and their clients. In my research I have found in several research papers that the clients of the same auditor have very similar histories of misconduct. It is easily deduced that a client’s misconduct history and reputation is almost as important as its size. The...
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Audits-of-place provide valuable data that can bridge the divide between health determinants and the design of built environments. This report discusses the role of auditing in developing healthy and sustainable places. It begins with a case-study of the Healthy Built Environments Program (HBEP) audit tool as used in Higgins, ACT. The methodology of the audit is explained along with a...
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INTRODUCTION There are two types of accounting and these are Managerial Accounting and Financial Accounting. Distinguishing these quickly, managerial accounting deals with activities within the company while as Financial accounting deals much with external information of an organization. Managerial accounting is what this assay will be discussing and mainly to do with management control systems. In management control systems, the...
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