History of Health Care Discovery of Penicillin Penicillin is a group of antibiotics —which includes: penicillin G, penicillin V, procaine penicillin, and benzathine penicillin— that attack a wide range of bacterial infections. Penicillin antibiotics is one of the first medications that is effective against many bacterial infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci. A man by the name of Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. Fleming was a Scottish biologist, physician, microbiologist, and pharmacologist— in 1945 he, along with two...
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1.0 Introduction Penicillin G continues to remain an essential component of the medical toolkit, displaying unmatched activity against susceptible bacterial infections. To this day, it continues to be the focus of much research interest. Namely, this is due to its commercial and therapeutic importance, difficulty of cell growth, and consequence of engineering variables (Patnaik, 2001). That as a collective has created unique and diverse challenges throughout the production pipeline. When attempting to produce cheaper and more effective penicillin, naturally, industry...
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Formation of the bacterial cell wall, during the process of cell division. When the bacterial cell is dividing, it needs to cross-link strings of polymers involving sugars and peptide chains of amino acids. In order for this to happen, it introduces an enzyme called transpeptidase. Penicillin is now known to block the action of transpeptidase during bacterial cell division. It does this by lodging on the enzyme where peptide strings would otherwise be gathered. The penicillin mould developed a clear...
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1.0 Introduction: Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms and can be divided into two groups: gram-positive or gram-negative. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a gram-positive bacterium mostly found on human skin. Although most strands of S. Epidermidis are harmless, S. Epidermidis can become pathogenic and cause serious health implications if not treated correctly. The most common infection that S. Epidermis causes is golden staph. Golden Staph infections usually commence with...
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Penicillin was one of the first antibiotics discovered by A.Fleming. The accidental findings lead to treatment of worldwide spread disease as penicillin molecule inhibited the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall by mimicking the acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine of peptide side chain and soon the new peptidoglycan (PGN) formation is stopped and bacteria cell is susceptible to osmotic rupture and therefore killing the bacteria. However, penicillins structure contains highly reactive β-lactam ring which makes it susceptible to various antibiotic resistance issues. Due to...
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Apparently, when I was little I was given tennis Ilyn and had terrible hives. And the pediatricians told my parents that, if I was ever given it again I would die. So my entire life I was told that if I ever took penicillin it would kill me. Over 95% of people labeled as penicillin or allergic or not despite the fears expressed by this patient. And those like her for most people penicillin antibiotics are safe. And effective there...
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Penicillin is still currently being used worldwide today, due to it curing many people and preventing them from dying. Alexander Fleming has made people all around the world extremely grateful for this life changing discovery. Even though Fleming did discover penicillin he did have some help from two young researchers. The researchers were called Howard Florey and Ernst Chain. The two-researchers teamed up with Fleming do make penicillin more efficient. The researchers and Fleming succeeded, and the antibiotic was used...
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