Introduction Over the years, rapidly advancing technology and new scientific theories have resulted in growth in many areas of scientific thought. Scientists of the past who had endless questions about the human anatomy and the interesting nature of genes have discovered that most of the answers lie in a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which carries genetic instructions for the...
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Introduction Radiation is the emission of energy from any thing. There are many varieties of radiation, starting from very high energy radiation like x-rays and gamma rays to very low energy radiation – like radio waves. UV rays are within the middle of this spectrum. They have more energy than visible light, but not as much as x-rays. So Ultraviolet...
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DNA represents deoxyribonucleic acid. It’s the hereditary code that decides all the qualities of a living thing. DNA in the living cell is exposed to numerous concoction changes, the hereditary coding in DNA needs to stay uncorrupted or unaltered. An inability to fix DNA delivers a mutation. DNA repair deficiency is an ailment because of diminished usefulness of DNA repair....
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INTRODUCTION ARBITRARY PRIMED PCR The Arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) is a type of PCR which is also known as Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). It is based on DNA fingerprinting technique in which primers are used whose nucleotide sequence is arbitrarily chosen. After the invention of PCR it was realized that short primer would bind on several locations...
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Introduction The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) having a place with the family Arecaceae [1], a diploid oil-delivering crop with a genomic size of 1.8 Gb [2], is one of the most important oil-bearing crops in the world. It is a large feather palm having a solitary columnar stem, short internodes, and short spines on both the leaf bases and...
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Abstract Each active life has complex molecules in their cells called DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) which are responsible for all biological features. These DNA molecules are further reduced into grander structures called chromosomes, which together compose the being’s genome. Genes are size altering DNA sequences which comprise code that are frequently used to produce proteins. There has been a struggle to...
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ABSTRACT DNA Fingerprint is a real technique that is used in labs. DNA fingerprint was discover in 20th Century. This survey quickly thirty years of progress in measurable. DNA sample that accrued in crime scene like stains of blood, semen, saliva or hair born material as well. In DNA Fingerprint many applications are used for many different purpose which contain...
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Tandem – repetitive minisatellite DNA portion of human can be used to produce someone’s specific Dna fingerprint. Studies shows the reliability of the analysis. Dna is the genetic fabric which is present in all the cells of the body. This molecule present a few characteristics, as VNTR, special present in different people. This can be a key in the improvement...
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Abstract In current era of ubiquitous smart devices, detecting malware is becoming an endless battel between ever evolving malware and anti-virus program which leads to increase in day-by-day processing of security related data. For detecting those malware various approaches has been developed over time. One of the approach among them is Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence analysis. This includes comparision of...
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Introduction As most people know, DNA is the heredity material in humans. What some people may not know is that DNA is the heredity material in all living organisms. DNA is mostly found in the nucleus of the cell, which is enclosed with a nuclear membrane. Contained within the membrane is the majority of the cell’s genetic material. The main...
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Microbiome Research The term “microbiome” is defined as the collection of the microbial taxa or microbes and their genes. Thus, it gives an idea of all the organisms and genomes that composes a sample (Xia, Sun, & Chen, 2018). In 2005, with advances in DNA-sequencing technologies such as 454 Pyrosequencing and Illumina sequencing, researchers started to analyze DNA extracted directly...
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DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA) DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the primary hereditary material in a human body. The Human DNA is double helical in structure. Majority of the DNA is present in nucleus of the cell called the Nuclear DNA, and some in the mitochondria of the cell called the mitochondrial DNA. The DNA complexes with proteins to form chromosomes which contain...
DNA
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Introduction This report will discuss some general topics on DNA Methylation and its link with aging. First paragraph will talk about DNA Methylation in general, second paragraph will discuss DNA Methylation and its link to X-Chromosome inactivation, third paragraph will discuss DNA Methylation and its correlation with Cancer, and in the fourth paragraph will discuss DNA Methylation relationship to Aging....
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It was hypothesised that if the fruit was mixed with dishwashing liquid, salt, water and ethanol, then DNA would be extracted. This was supported. The aim, of the experiment was to extract DNA from fruit and look at it under the microscope. This was achieved based on the results of the experiment. Adequate amounts of DNA were extracted from the...
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Evolution of Herbicide Resistance Weeds On a large geographical scale, many independent evolutionary events could simultaneously interplay for the emergence of herbicide resistance (Bonny, 2016). Regular use of glyphosate on a considerable proportion of GM crop fields makes the assumption of glyphosate resistance development a reasonable hypothesis. It is not mandatory for weeds to be a poorer competitor than susceptible...
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Apurinic and apyrimidind (abasic or AP) sites are the most common DNA lesions that have the ability to block replicative polymerases. Stem cell-specific 5-hydroxymethylcytosine-binding protein (HMCES) covalently crosslinks to the AP site and prevents genome instability. An HMCES DNA-protein crosslink (DPC) with an AP site within a 3′ overhang DNA is able to shield the Ap site from endonucleases and...
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INTRODUCTION METAVERSE Dual-Chain is a block-chain system that satisfactorily implements the Dual-Chain Network Setup or Architecture (DNA) in providing optimum and satisfaction-level scalability, security, inter-operabililty and de-centralization. Metaverse, is not just different from other chains, but comparatively more beneficial and it offers optimized features. Unlike in other chains where one functionality or feature's quality is compromised for the other, Metaverse,...
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Introduction to DNA's Role in Biological Systems DNA is of pivotal importance to science and technology as it holds the genetic information required to guide the life of every organism and the survival of every species. It contains the instructions needed to make proteins and coordinate internal processes throughout an organism’s entire lifespan. Without DNA, individuals would not be able...
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information. DNA was discovered in 1860. The molecule now known as DNA was first identified in the 1860s by a Swiss chemist named Johann Friedrich Miescher. Johann set out to research the key components...
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DNA profiling is a forensic technique designed to solve crimes using scientific materials and by using multiple scientific methods; I.e extraction. Extracting fingerprints can help you find out who the potential suspect of the crime is/was. A specific pattern called a “profile” is obtained from a person (the potential suspect/victim(s))) or sample of bodily tissue. By doing this it can...
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The human body is infected by a massive variety of different pathogens new and old every day and so a huge collection of different specific antibodies are needed to fight against them. Once a B cell is activated it is converted into an antibody producing factory, the plasma cell. They contain more cytocolic component (as the cytoplasm is the ribosomal...
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In an ideal world, we would walk freely knowing we aren't being tracked. However in our reality more and more people get entered to a DNA database everyday. DNA profiling is a technique in which the police compare DNA found at the crime scene to someone else DNA from the database to see if they can get it to match...
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A eukaryotic cell is a cell that incorporates DNA which is surrounded by a nucleus. Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have a few things in common that cells have. The endosymbiotic idea clarifies how eukaryotic cells have evolved from prokaryotic cells that lived collectively. Prokaryotic cells do not have any nucleus and are not membrane bound organelles in which as...
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Viruses have continuously challenged our perception of what ‘living’ means. The scientific community have constantly debated whether viruses are classified as living or non-living organisms. Viruses are very important complexes of biochemical that influence all types of living organisms including bacteria, yeast, plants and animal cells. Viruses are blobs of RNA or DNA surrounded by a coat of protein. They...
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The purpose of this essay is to examine the credibility and validity of forensic hair morphology. This study examines the morphological physical characteristics of human hair. Microscopical hair analysis only compares class characteristics and does not obtain any genetic information linked to an individual. In recent years there has been increasing controversy over the admissibility and reliability of hair comparison...
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Homosexuality has turned as significant issue in our community abundant argument. The choice to be transparently homosexual is stiff for some due to the uncommon approval that they get. Society undergo made it so difficult for homosexual people to be approved, given the bias against them. The justice that have extract from homosexual, have prompted a pursuit for understanding on...
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The Covid-19 is the Coronavirus it is an infectious diseases caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Cov-2 It was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has spread globally, resulting in an ongoing pandemic. The impact on society has been immense from complete lockdowns to people socialising to business closing and fear for the safety of people...
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Intro A person’s behavior is determined by a combination of inherited traits, experience, and the environment. Some are innate and some are learned. Inherited traits can control or manipulate one’s behavior. For example, a person who is born to parents who had anger issues may act highly violent/aggressive in a stressful situation. People don’t think of them as controlling our...
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Introduction Behavioural genetics can be defined as the study of genetics that is used to investigate the difference in nature and behaviour in livestock. It focuses on the influences of genetics mainly the genetics and the environment influences. The concept was discovered by Francis Galton in the 19th century. However, the survey of the literature on genetics was discovered recently...
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INTRODUCTION The study and research of biomedical science involves uncovering the secrets of the human body whilst developing an understanding of disease, diagnosis, and treatment (Heitman, E. 2000). This means biomedical scientists must not only understand how to treat a disease, but must understand what caused that disease, how that disease can be identified and differentiated from other diseases, how...
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