ABSTRACT Most fungi are saprophytic and not pathogenic to plants, animals and humans. However, a relative few fungal species are phytopathogenic, cause disease (e.g., infections, allergies) in man, and produce toxins that affect plants, animals and humans. Among such fungi are members of the Aspergillus and Fusarium genera as well as other genera (e.g., Alternaria, Mucor) comprising the emerging pathogen...
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ABSTRACT In the Current era, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and declining forest which are ultimately leading to a global climate changes. The huge scale of lessening of forestation for firewood, building, paper products, textile and many other applications are gradually imposing a serious negative impact on the environment. Inherently, it has limit application due to the presences of hemicellulose and lignin....
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Abstract Obesity represents one of the major health emergencies in developed countries. India is now behind US and China in this international list of top 10 countries with elevated amount of obese people. Obesity has been attributed in the causation of a number of metabolic disorders together with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease and cancers that enhance the mortality and...
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Introduction Aquatic plant ecology is the study of organisms interaction with their environment to develop a better understanding of certain spices. Duckweed (Lemna) is an effective aquatic plant in removing nutrients and it has been proven that Lemna is able to manage the nutrients for wastewater treatment (Bonomo et al., 1997). Light is an important factor in plant existence. plant...
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Distilled water has a pH of seven (neutral) and most plants grow best with a soil pH of 6, as most have adapted to places in the world with slightly acidic rain. Most plants cannot grow with a pH under six, as necessary micro nutrients for growth usually cannot survive in the acidity. The best pH solution for green beans...
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Abstract Pakistan is an agricultural country and the economy of Pakistan is highly depending on its agriculture productivity. Detection of diseases in plants plays a significant role in the agriculture field of Pakistan. Lack of timely and proper care of plants massively affects the output quality, quantity, and productivity. This paper presents an algorithm for the detection and identification of...
Plant
432
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A catastrophic environmental imbalance is a matter that needs the attention of the world. The rise in average temperature of the earth’s climate system is what we call Global Warming. One of the major factors is increase in level of Carbon dioxide. Emission of these gases cause green house effect. When solar rays enter earth and hits earth’s surface they...
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ABSTRACT The plant disease diagnosis is restricted by person’s visual capabilities as it is microscopic in nature. Due to optical nature of plant monitoring task, computer visualization methods are adopted in plant disease recognition. The aim is to detect the symptoms of the disease occurred in leaves in an accurate way. Once the captured image is pre-processed, the various properties...
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Marijuana plant is found everywhere in Bhutan. Though, Bhutan being religious country trading of this drug in southern belt is still going with full swing. This plant was not a drug in olden days but it was also considered as an herbal medicine, likely starting in Asia around 500 BC. Cannabis in Bhutan is illegal but grows pontifically in country...
291
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When a child in the developed world feels sick, usually her/his parents take the child to visit a doctor. The doctor then prescribes a medicine of some sort, and the family leaves the hospital with a soon to be healthy child. The advanced medicines such as pills, syrups, inhalants, eg., have progressed human society to fight diseases and illnesses. The...
432
Abstract Plant seedling classification is crucial for biodiversity conservation. Based on analysis of CNN, we propose a system to classify plant seedlings with minimum classification error. By machine learning algorithm, convolutional neural network have been applied to different datasets. We used training set and test set of images of plant seedlings at various stages of grown. The dataset comprises 12...
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Plant-based food. Definitely unheard of amongst foodies, the growing demand for it has taken the food industry by storm. According to the Plant Based Foods Association, plant-based food saw a retail growth of 11% in 2019, compared to other retail foods who had a minor 2% on average (Simon). Not forgetting the increasing number of companies that are hopping on...
Plant
278
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ABSTRACT Deep learning methods are greatly admired in the research field of agriculture. The fundamental basic key aspect of agriculture is soil for crop growing.Here we identify plant disease and provide remedies that can be used as a defence mechanism against the disease. The database obtained from the Internet is properly segregated and the different plant species are identified and...
160
Photoreceptors in plant In a wide range, plants need light for growth and development. During photosynthesis, plants convert light into energy. Captruing sunlight is mediated by plant photorecpetors, which are plant proteins that perceive, receive, and transmit signals for biological functions in plants. Sveral plant photoreceptors have been reported, among which, phytocrhome and cryptochrome, and phototropin known to perceive red.far-red...
Plant
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ABSTRACT Agriculture is a key source of livelihood. Indian agriculture consist of many crops and according to survey nearly 80% of population is depended on agriculture. Most of Indian farmers are doing manual cultivation. Farmers are not aware about what kind of crops might grow on their land. Plants are affected by heterogeneous diseases that will affect the production of...
Plant
432
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Plants are affected by various factors including abiotic and biotic stresses in nature. Due to the recent climate changes, crop production has seriously dropped. One of the many abiotic factors that contributes to this issue is osmotic shock or osmotic stress in plants, which results from salinity, drought, and low temperature (Upadhyaya et al., 2013). Osmotic adjustment plays a significant...
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There have also been similar experiments that have been conducted in the past. For example, Reinders (1942) and Commoner and coworkers (1943) have collected data showing that potassium ions promoted water uptake by potato slices, thus also increasing their growth rate. They mainly focused on the effect of auxin of the uptake of water from a hyper-tonic solution and found...
Plant
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Introduction Today humans are enjoying a technological era where everything becomes possible and easier through various technologies and industries. But this luxurious life does have a black side. It has many harmful effects on nature. Earlier people don’t have major industries and technologies but they have trees and pure air. Today people have all the major facilities but at the...
462
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Eating healthy, clean, and nutrient-rich food fills your body with energy, nutrients, and antioxidants. Imagine your cells smiling back at you and they say: thank you! Unknown. As a construction of a building, plant-based food is one of the special providers that conduct materials to construct the human body. One of the functions of a material is to give a...
Plant
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Introduction Photomorphogenesis is the progression of plants where the case of plant improvement responds to the scope of light. At this moment, is used as a wellspring of essentialness. Any change in the structure and function of an organism in response to changes in light intensity is known as photomorphogenesis. Close by plants, it is a common part of progression...
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Abstract Crop diseases are one of the major issues, but their identification is difficult due to the lack of required infrastructure. Plant diseases affect farmers whose livelihood depends on the crops and also it increases the vulnerability of food security at the large scale. Plant disease identification is very important because it affects the growth of the plant species. Usage...
Plant
250
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Terpenes Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions that occur inside the organism. The products of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, protein synthesis, lipid synthesis and many others are all beneficial in the existence and survival of the organism. The molecules produced in these processes are essential in the maintenance of structural and functional integrity of the cell. Primary metabolites...
432
Nutrition plays a key role in building muscle and enhancing athletic performance, as athletes will utilize different diets that they see as the most optimal [1]. However, the health benefits of meat and plant diets have not been fully elucidated to weightlifting athletes. This review analysis focuses on the ideal and healthiest diet for strength-based athletes to perform, specifically it...
432
Plant extract refers to a product that is formed through an extraction and separation process where plants are used as raw materials. Generally the original components of the plants are not changed. In some cases, excipients are also used to make the powder or granular products have features like good fluidity and resistance to moisture absorption. There are also a...
135
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Abstract In the world, there are many diseases originated from foods that were eaten. Some pathonegic bacterias like Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureusin, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureusin, food has gain microbial and pathogenics effects and again food can damage human metabolism and cause diseases, even deaths. Also foods need protection to prevent spoilage and...
Plant
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INTRODUCTION The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms. A cell is the smallest unit of life. Human are not able to see small things with their naked eyes. So, in this particular lab, we are looking at the smallest part in the animal and plant. The smallest part of human body is, the...
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Abstract Plant tissue culture, or the aseptic culture of cells, tissues, organs, and their components beneath defined physical and chemical conditions in vitro, is an important tool in both fundamental and connected ponders as well as in commercial application. It was the accessibility of these techniques that driven to the application of tissue culture to five broad zones, specifically, cell...
Plant
432
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Introduction Weeds are unwanted and useless plants that along with the crop plants. Weeds compete with the crops for light and nutrients, besides harboring various pathogen. So it is estimated that the worlds crops yield is reduced by 10-15% due to the presence of weeds. Herbicides are broad spectrum as they can kill wide range of weeds. What are Herbicides?...
Plant
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Food science is defined as the study of the physical, biological and chemical of food, which most of the studies related to food processing and food deterioration while food technology is the application of it involved in packaging, preservation and food safety (Institute of Fodd Technologies, 2019). The fields that closely related to the food technology are such as biotechnology,...
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After bombardment, the somatic embryos of the papaya (Carica papaya) will be selected on medium containing 150 g mL−1 kanamycin monosulfate for 3 months. According to Drew and Smith(1986), germination of the papaya then will be induced on a modified de Fossard medium (de Fossard et al., 1974) and will be supplemented with 25 g mL−1 kanamycin. Single plantlets will...
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