Even if none of the parties raises a claim of illegality in the course of arbitral proceedings, the tribunal might still be obliged to look into the issue sua sponte in light of its obligation to apply mandatory provisions of the law applicable to the dispute. For the arbitrators, criminal law is a mandatory rule of law. Under this scenario, tribunal’s obligation to investigate will be relevant in light of several considerations: jurisdiction, arbitrability, and enforceability of the final arbitral...
4 Pages
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A career is significant for each individual because of numerous advantages. A decent and stable career, for example, gives stability and genuine feelings of serenity throughout everyday life. Being guaranteed a stable income flow, we are spared a lot of stress and uncertainties that life brings in its wake without a career. Subsequently, individuals continually searching for a decent and stable career to work for the majority time of life, or even a good job, and keeping up it for...
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This essay will introduce us the definitions of false memories and eyewitness testimonies as well as what they are and also what literature has told us about them. The aim of this essay is assessing how reliable the eyewitness testimony and explained how false memories can be created and implemented in the memory, this would also be backed by studies conducted by researchers. An eyewitness testimony is a legal expression, which refers to an occasion witnessed by any individual. For...
2 Pages
992 Words
Cyber law emerged as the society developed, the modern technology evolution made human progress and also gave rise to new problems which one of them is cyber criminality. As computer technology improved from accessing websites for research to communicating, making transactions, sharing and storing important data with people round the world through the internet. The computer increased our capacity to store, search, retrieve and communicate data and information which made it possible to contact anyone, anywhere and at any time...
4 Pages
2011 Words
Criminal records check is one step of the procedure involved in due diligence research conducted on individuals. And even though our age today is referred to as “the digital age”, digitized information may not be enough in performing a comprehensive criminal records check. Often, old-fashioned “gum shoe” techniques are required and researchers find that more often than not, they must rely on less technological means to do a criminal records check. We have heard about the so-called “nationwide” criminal records...
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Air pollution in the UK is regulated under various statutes. The question regarding their efficiency however, still remains debatable. Whilst most cases have been brought forward via the tort of nuisance, there are a few instances where individuals and companies have been prosecuted for environmental harm (including air pollution). Prosecutions for environmental harm are relatively new in England & Wales whilst compared to other aspects of Criminal law – it’s mainly due to the fact that some may not deem...
4 Pages
1965 Words
According to research, gun control laws can be affective if the offender doesn’t have a single intent to kill. A single intent to kill is when the offender’s primary motive is to kill their victim. Frank Z states if the offender has a single intent to kill the offender will find an alternative weapon to kill their victims. Zimring, in his study compared the amount of fatal and nonfatal attacks that were carried out by guns to nonfatal and fatal...
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We all know that the law of Bangladesh prescribes different punishments for different crimes. Similarly, the Code of Criminal Procedure which is called the Criminal Code. It is a law regulating criminal activities in Bangladesh. There are currently 365 sections in the CrPC. One of the controversial sections is Section 54. Section 54 basically provides for the arrest of a criminal without a warrant. Basically, in order to arrest a criminal, the first thing to do is to get an...
6 Pages
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In this essay I will argue that the operation of drones should be ban in international law. Drones in their general definition are unmanned aerial vehicles operated by a pilot who may be thousands of miles away from where the drone is flying. Originally, drones were designed as reconnaissance aircraft or in other words an exploratory military survey of enemy territory. However, as years go by, drones became armed and thousands of civilian people. The United States has two types...
3 Pages
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Throughout this text there will be a coherent and short explanation of the Evolution of the Roman Law. The History of Roman Law is divided in four main important periods. It begins with the Monarchy, also known as Regal Period. Stablishing the state division of power and the form in which the law was applied. Furthermore, it advances to the Roman Republic divided into the Early Republic and Late Republic. Outlining the main advances done within the ius civile, legal...
3 Pages
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The Council of Europe is not an institution of the European Union. It was founded in 1949 and one of its main goals is to protect human rights and work towards the standardization of legal and social protection in all its 46 member states. In 1965 the 'European Social Charter' entered into force. Article 4 paragraph 1 speaks on the “right to fair compensation' and urges the signatory states: 'Recognize workers' right to compensation which will enable them and their...
3 Pages
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Myths and Legends Romulus and Remus were the founders of the city of Rome in Roman mythology. In Roman mythology they were twins. Their mother was the priestess Rhea Silvia, and their father was Mars, the god of war. The two brothers later quarreled over who should get the support of the local god to name the new city, and a battle even broke out, resulting in Romulus killing Remus. Romulus later founded the Roman Senate. By robbing nearby Sabine...
5 Pages
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Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through the social or governmental institution to regulate behaviour. Law is symbolized by goddess Mart a lady justice who has weighed fold in hand indicating that justice should be impartial without and regardless of money, wealth, power and identity. This is a basic principle in Indian Law. India maintains a hybrid legal system including criminal law, civil law, common law and statutory law within legal Framework inherited from the...
6 Pages
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Transnational policing is most frequently quoted as a solution to organized crime. Organized crime is a global phenomenon beyond the scope of any one agency or jurisdiction to deal with alone. So cooperation, international law enforcement, mutual legal assistance and transnational criminal investigation and knowledge or information helps to control the risk of such crime across the world. The capacity to communicate around the world has radically increased through personal computers and mobile telephone and opens up new possibilities for...
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There are two different categories of remedies available: self-help and judicial. Self-help remedies are without the involvement of the court and only available in material breach cases. Among the kinds of self-help remedies are rescission and retention. Rescission occurs when the innocent party decides not to continue with the contract and cancels it as if it never happened. If a borrower decides to cancel a loan within the rescission period, any fees paid in relation to the loan will be...
2 Pages
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Civil law systems, also called continental or Romano-Germanic legal systems, are found on all continents and cover about 60% of the world. They are based on concepts, categories, and rules derived from Roman law, with some influence of canon law, sometimes largely supplemented or modified by local custom or culture. The civil law tradition, though secularized over the centuries and placing more focus on individual freedom, promotes cooperation between human beings. In their technical, narrow sense, the words civil law...
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Intellectual Property violation is an out breaking criminal offense in the UAE. Many traders sold unlocked set-top-boxes which given access to several free exclusive channels. The circumstances fall under the Federal Copyright Law No. 7 and Federal Trademark Law No. 37 of protection laws of IP which considered acting against the trades for such criminal activities. Formal charges under Federal Law No. 3 of 2003 must be made if any guilty is found and caught stated by Harfan and Doudar...
3 Pages
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Intellectual property (IP) is intangible and it was protected by law, such as patents, copyright, trademarks and trade secret law. It is used to ensure any work that is creative such as invention of people can legally protected under the law. As an example of Siva Vaidhyanathan. He is best known for her writing in cultural criticism. He is concern about relationship among information control, property rights, technologies and social norms. Thus, she established some books like ‘The Rise of...
6 Pages
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Copyright is a significant form of intellectual property right. It is a legal right that is accorded to the creator of, among other things, films, soundtracks, and original literary, artistic, dramatic and musical works. It lasts for 70 years after the death of the author and any person who copies, sells or distributes a copyrighted work without authorisation can be sued by the author. The author can claim damages for a loss of earnings and seek a court injunction to...
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Crime, or what one in the twenty-first century may perceive as crime, has changed drastically since historical and societal formation. From the times of Hammurabi to now, much has changed; a minor crime today may have carried the death penalty when he was walking around. This essay will go over ancient crime in a multitude of eras and empires from Mesopotamia, to Ancient Rome, to the Aztecs all the while including the various law codes each society had. Traditionally, when...
3 Pages
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It is believed by many that copyright laws are counterproductive and it can hinder the creativity. However, I personally disagree with the idea and believe that the protection as intellectual property is significant to a well-functioning society as it inspires and encourages the production of new ideas and further works. The logic behind the expansion of copyright is straightforward. The television show, movie, newspaper or the music that we listen to, they are all copyrighted. Copyright spread through our lives...
4 Pages
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Costco Known as Costco Wholesale Corporation is one of the well-known retailers in the world that supplies more than a million quantities of goods in a discount amount meeting customers satisfaction (Lewis, 2009). Costco has it’s own organization polices with the main objective to bring our customers to the most affordable costs on quality brand-name (Lewis, 2009). With many areas around the world like Canada, United states, Australia, Mexico and Japan, Costco provides a wide range of product, Costco has...
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The Bill of Rights. Many individuals are aware of its existence, but should such a bill be passed forward and implemented in the Australian legal system, precisely resembling the United States? In this essay, I will present the optimistic and undesirable aspects against people and the legal system, if we implement a bill of rights. After America had gained independence for the mighty Great Britain, they required a constitution. Held at Philadelphia, Statesmen (who were individuals with supreme power), met...
2 Pages
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On August 29th, 2014, screams, cheers, and emotional platitudes echoed throughout Soldier Field. While America’s oldest football stadium is no stranger to deafening noise and overzealous fans, the sixty thousand seats typically filled by Chicago Bears’ enthusiasts and football fanatics, were occupied by a more youthful, adolescent audience. That Friday night, as the sun set in Chicago, thousands of teenage girls, or “Directioners,” as many prefer to be called, powered on their homemade signs and illuminated the stadium with messages...
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The common law theory is based on ‘what the law is’ in a certain situation that is followed as a rule in later decisions by the court involving similar material facts through the doctrine of precedent also known as stare decisis. The first point of discussion I would like to point out is whether judges make law through interpretation. In the common law system, the judge’s task is to discover and find the law, meaning judges should verify facts, locate...
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Explain the role of government in law-making and how statutory and common law is applied in the justice court. The parliament of the UK is the one who make a law. Parliament have 3 chamber in which include House of Common, House of Lord and Monarch. In a first place, a bill is propose new law or existing law and come from government, opposite party, civil service groups etc. The types of bill is public, private, government and private member’s...
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Abstract After reading the constitution and the bill of rights, I have learned a lot and come down to my favorite amendment. The one I have chosen was the 5th amendment. Not only is this one of the most important ones due to it keeping its citizens protected from the law, the police and the government. It also has the best saying to go with it I PLEAD THE FIFTH is the most common thing to say when it comes...
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Executive Summary The report has focused on corporate law for breach of contract between Jen and her client over Dali paintings. There are several laws which are applied to this case in order to resolve the conflict under legitimate Australian Law. According to Australian Consumer Law (ACL), fair trading is necessary to maintain within a business that is not properly followed that arose a range of problems for both the parties. It has also focused on liability of Master Plate...
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International Law Hugo Grotius was born on April 10, 1583 in Holland. He was raised in a family of well-educated people with ambitions. Grotius started reading when he was three years old and his mother prohibited him to read. When he was eight years old his brother died and that’s when he started writing poems in Latin to comfort his father. At the young age of eleven Grotius was admitted in the Faculty of Letter at the University of Leiden....
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Defining Local Ownership Several authors have attempted to define local ownership, but there is still no accepted definition. The UN itself emphasizes on the significance of the principle but does not offer a coherent definition. Chesterman describes ownership as “how the population comes to regard certain policies as their own” . Other scholars describe ownership as a tool to increase effectiveness and legitimacy in peacebuilding. Moreover, the term is used to address representational issues at the national and local levels....
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