To promote their fast multiplication and expansion across the body, cancer cells change their metabolism. Cancer cells prefer to utilize aldohexose for aerobic metabolism rather than delivering it through the organic process glycolysis pathway. Glycolysis produces ATP and pyruvate from glucose. The ribose 5-phosphate and NADPH are then generated in the mitochondria or incorporated into the tricarboxylic acid cycle through the pentose phosphate pathway. The Warburg Effect The Warburg effect is a hallmark of cancer that refers to the preference...
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Define Homeostasis Homeostasis refers to the property of cells, tissues, and organizes that regulates its internal environment and tends to keep up the regulation of the steadiness and constancy required to function properly. The body must constantly keep track of its internal conditions to keep up homeostasis. From body temperature to blood pressure to levels of distinct nutrients, each physiological condition encompasses a specific set point. A set point refers to the physiological value around which the typical range fluctuates....
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Abstract: Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium that is found in the human digestive system. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a gram-positive coccus-shaped bacterium commonly found on the human skin. In this study, we looked at the metabolism and physiology of both organisms on differential and selective media. Bacteria were grown and observed on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), Phenylethyl Agar (PEA), Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA), and MacConkey’s Agar (MAC). E. coli was able to grow on TSA, MSA, and MAC, and was...
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We all love to eat, in fact, it’s essential for us to eat. However, most people don’t actually seem to care about the amount they are taking into their bodies until it’s affecting them in a way they a not fond of. For example, you may be asking yourself why is so and so not getting fat and I am yet we eat about the same, or maybe you say to yourself okay so I’m not trying to lose weight,...
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Discussion In the present study, we investigated the effects of lifelong, moderate-intensity exercise on blood metabolites through an NMR-based metabolomics approach. By comparing a lifelong exercise group, two long-term exercise groups, and a group that did not exercise, we found that moderate-intensity exercise has a strong effect on the blood metabolome up until midlife. From midlife to elderhood, the effect of aging becomes stronger than that of exercise. This unexpected finding comes in agreement with a study conducted by Falegan...
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Metabolism Introduction Metabolism is biochemical system that the body uses to convert food to energy in order to maintain life and can be fully simulated at genome scale. Metabolism is partly genetic and largely outside of one's control and changing it is always a matter of an ongoing considerable debate. In biology, metabolism is the only system that can be simulated at genome scale and is the best indicator for the cell's physiological state and the biggest biological network fully...
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Fad Diets: Worse for Health than Being Overweight? All around the world each day, people fret over the numbers on the scale, the size of their clothes, and whether they went over their daily calorie limits. Everything from carbs, fats, and proteins to strict lists of “okay” foods are limited and closely monitored in hopes of losing weight while religiously following the newest diet promising quick results. Dozens upon dozens of well-known diets all have different reasonings for their supposed...
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Metabolism is defined as the summation of all chemical reactions that occur and are involved inside of any cell or organism. Metabolism has two potential categories: catabolism and anabolism. In catabolism, molecules are broken down producing energy. In anabolism, combinations of certain compounds that are needed by the cells are produced including: DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. The definition of bioenergetics is the metabolic passageways a cell takes to acquire certain energies. Nutrition science studies the specific relationships with food...
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These days individuals have accepted that for each 1 pound of muscle you gain, your body consumes an extra 50 calories. On paper, this sounds great. But it is not true, sadly. When we speak about metabolism like it's something, we can control by swallowing a pill, bringing down some green tea, or running quicker. Let's be evident about one thing: miracle metabolism boosters are not there. Regardless of what you find in promotions or hear in your running circles,...
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Metabolism is what sustains life, it is the sum of chemical processes happening inside your body to keep you well and functioning at your fullest. From breathing to digestion and even the nervous network which is helping you to coordinate with the outside environment is a part of your metabolism. It is an autonomic process (which means you get to control any part of it) and is controlled by our brain. In short metabolism is the basis for all forms...
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Obesity among adults is a rampant problem worldwide. Being obese means a person has an excessive accumulation of body fat. It can be very dangerous and even life threatening to some. It’s not just being fat. Obesity is a major contributor to preventable, fatal diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and more. All of these diseases could have more than likely been prevented if said person took better care of himself or herself. People are consuming too...
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The rate of people who has type 2 diabetes all over the globe is increasing rapidly. As discussed by Wallerstein (2017), an imbalance of the sugar level in the body is the leading cause of diabetes. In the case of type 2 diabetes, the human body cannot respond to insulin, which is referred to as insulin resistance. High blood sugar is one of the major causes of severe health-related issues such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease. The...
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What is diabetes? It’s a disease that produces the hormone insulin and results in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates it elevates levels of glucose inside urine and blood. It also affects how your body uses glucose. If your sugar is too low or too high you have a serious emergency, you have to balance your sugar in order to have the right amount. There are four different types of diabetes as Type 2 diabetes, Type 1 diabetes, Prediabetes, and Gestational Diabetes,...
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When people talk about epidemics, there are thousands of different diseases in the world and depending on the danger levels or the short or long term. One of them is diabetes disease. Diabetes is a long-lasting disease that can influence at any age. Family can be one reason for an individual to have diabetes. Not just adults have diabetes even kids currently are getting diabetes because of eating unfortunate nourishments that contain a great deal of fat, sugars and not...
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Abstract Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute (Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus) or relative (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) deficiency of insulin hormone. Diabetes Mellitus virtually affects every system of the body as a result of the metabolic disturbances caused by hyperglycemia, and if improperly managed can cause medical complications such as cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, retinopathy and peripheral vascular diseases which can result in chronic morbidities and premature death. Genetic susceptibility and environmental factors seem...
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Introduction Diabetes is a chronic health condition, there are two forms of diabetes Type 1 which affects the body's ability to produce insulin which is easily rectified by insulin shots, type 2 diabetes is when the body does not react to insulin which can be fatal thus, the challenge that i will be tackling concerning diabetic care is poor medical adherence which is noted to be significantly more common in type 2 diabetes. Poor medical adherence is important in type...
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Abstract According to global ranking, Pakistan is on 7th number. 6.6% adults in Pakistan have diabetes and it is believed that in 2030 around 14 million people will have diabetes. People with foot ulcers, no knowledge of diabetes and specifically young children diabetes are of major concern in the plan of action presented by international diabetes federation. Various shareholders and collaborators were working together at both stages globally to enhance the bad conditions of diabetes in Pakistan. Introduction Diabetes is...
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Abstract With changing lifestyle and food habits like lack of proper sleep, exercise, bad eating habits, etc have led to rapid increase in the number of people having diabetes hence, its necessary to decrease it. The proposed system developed will predict the risk of a person getting diabetes and classify it into one of the three categories namely low, medium and high. Depending on the risk level a diet plan or a nearby diabetologist will be suggested. The user’s risk...
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Abstract An increasing number of people are developing diabetes across the nation. The affect on children has become overwhelmingly high. Schools need to educate teachers on the signs and symptoms of the disease to insure the health of students. If school officials and teachers are aware of how diabetes affects children and the signs to look for proper treatment can be achieved without causing severe health complications. Familiarity with hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and the different types of diabetes enables a teacher...
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Diabetes is a continual metabolic ailment that renders the physique the lack of ability to method enough amount or cannot advance of insulin. Insulin is naturally made pancreatic hormone that helps meals glucose get into the cells for electricity consumption. So the insulin inside your body is now not being used, ensuing in glucose to be dormant and no longer attaining the cell, stopping blood sugar ranges entering a hypoglycemic/ hyperglycemic state. Hypoglycemia is a nation the place the body's...
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Introduction Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of biochemical and physiological abnormalities that occur together, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, stroke and cardiovascular disease (Swarup et. al., 2019). There is growing interest surrounding metabolic syndrome due to the current obesity crisis; it is estimated that as much as 1/3 of the US has metabolic syndrome, both diagnosed and undiagnosed (Saklayen et. al., 2018). Sleep is often overlooked but there is emerging evidence that sleep has a key role...
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Since 2000, obesity in America has increased by 40 percent (Brown,2003) More than 45 percent of American children are currently either obese or morbidly obese. This does increase in obesity among children has been caused by A, B and C. and into today's world obesity is among children, adolescents have emerged the worldwide prevalence of childhood obesity has increased strikingly over the 3 decades. (1) obesity is a multi-factorial condition and has been described as a phenotype of numerous pathological....
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Diabetes has become a typical malady among individuals everywhere the globe these days. To combat the wide unfold wings of polygenic disease, many modes of treatments have come back up. however {diabetes|polygenic disorder|polygenic malady} isn't simply one disease. It comes in an exceedingly package of its many forms. Of them the foremost deadly one is Diabetic acidosis. Diabetic acidosis is additionally called DKA. Diabetic acidosis isn't triggered by itself. it's a consequence for associate degree another polygenic disease. once diabetes...
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Abstract Diabetes Mellitus is a condition that millions of people around the world suffer from. The hallmark of this disease is an insulin insufficiency. For decades researchers have sought to find and improve treatment methods for this disease, using various methods of insulin delivery. This article outlines some of the major techniques used over the past several years. Introduction Over the past several years, the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus has been increasing worldwide, becoming one of the world’s most common...
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Diabetes can be easily prevented and controlled with the change in lifestyle. Modifying the lifestyle is the cornerstone for diabetes management and cure. These modifications in lifestyle involves various non-pharmacologic therapies and include a prescription for it, are regular exercises, yoga, healthy and mindful eating and stress management. Regular Exercises- Exercise is a prevailing way in the direction of refining the physical fitness and keep a check on long-term glycemic control. Plainly controlling blood glucose through change of eating regimen...
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Chronic illness today is sometimes referred to as a pandemic due to the increasing prevalence of such illnesses (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, & Camera, 2014). Some examples of illnesses that can become chronic are heart failure, kidney disease, cancer and diabetes (Lewis et al., 2014). This paper will focus on type II diabetes (DMII). DMII manifests as a result of insulin resistance, inadequate insulin synthesis due to morphological changes in pancreatic beta cells, changes in adipokine production and increased glucose...
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Or the one which depends on insulin. Now a day in 2020 very common condition in young children and elders. Type 1 diabetes is a long term medical condition, happens when the pancreas produces little or no insulin at all that every healthy body needs and the reason why insulin is necessary its because this is an essential hormone which our body needs to allow sugar or glucose to enter in our cells and produce energy which acts as fuel...
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It is often presented that people need to increase their iron intake by consuming more red meat or green vegetables to prevent anaemia and other diseases linked to low iron. Anaemia is a condition where the body does not make enough healthy red blood cells preventing the body’s tissues from getting sufficient oxygen. There is no doubt that iron is a vital element needed for various processes within our body; however, it is important to know that too much iron...
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Introduction Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, has been historically accountable for greater than 200 million deaths throughout three pandemics. Zoonotic maintenance of plague occurs through the ability of it propagation and circulation amongst rodent reservoir hosts and flea vectors. Upon consumption of an infected mammalian blood meal by a naïve flea, Y. pestis proliferates in the flea midgut. Y. pestis forms a biofilm in the flea proventriculus which prevents the passage of blood during subsequent feeding attempts. Moreover,...
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Diabetes is a chronic condition/disease that people can get that will change their lives forever in good and bad ways. Diabetes affects the body by the pancreas either producing the hormone insulin too much (type 2) or by it failing and requiring manual injections of it or the insulin pump to be set to do certain things and does certain amounts of insulin (type 1). Over time the treatment of diabetes has changed, specifically type 1 diabetes, starting from insulin...
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