Morality is the “differentiation of intentions, decisions and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper. Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal” (Medium). Throughout this...
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There have always been various forms of government throughout society. People have been ruled by leaders, princes, and presidents. Certain philosophers such as Plato, Lao-Tzu, and Niccolo Machiavelli have proposed their views on how to show power. While Lao-Tzu and Plato had similar views compared to Machiavelli, they developed different actions when it came to people. The views of Plato,...
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There are several ethical theories that attempt to distinguish what is morally right and wrong. Some examples of these theories include Utilitarianism, Cultural Relativism, Social Contract Theory, and Kantianism. Utilitarianism focuses on the outcome of an action as the primary motivation and whether or not that conduct is ethical (Hill, Utilitarianism PowerPoint, Slide 3) The problem with this theory is...
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The Giver by Lois Lowry expressed ideas and thoughts of Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson. I will analyze how the main character Jonas goes through a journey of individualism and self-expression as the novel progresses and how it relates to Emerson and Thoreau. Jonas is able to grow throughout the book due to the internal and external conflicts...
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Niccolò di Bernardo del Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy on May 3rd, 1469. He is known in history as the father of modern political philosophy, though he is also known for other things. Machiavelli served as a senior official in the Republic of Florence, taking responsibility for diplomatic and military affairs. He was also a writer across numerous mediums,...
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For as long as human beings have been able to think, they’ve had the desire to understand the truths of life. In ‘The Allegory of the Cave’, when referring to these desires Plato states, “God knows whether it is true”. When trying to answer many of life’s questions people usually have conflicting views that can never be proven true. Which...
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Ancient Greek Mathematicians “Geometry is knowledge of the eternally existent,” (“Sacred Mathematics”). This quotation by Plato, an Ancient Greek philosopher, demonstrates the importance of geometry to the foundations of the universe. Geometry encompasses every aspect of life including architecture, physics, and biology. Teachers around the globe instruct the basics of geometry to teen-aged students every day, yet these self-evident ideas...
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“A very Old Man with Enormous Wings” is a story that was written by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. This tale is about an elderly man with very huge and unusual wings who appears into the village courtyard and was found by a man named Pelayo. This man was taken to Pelayo’s family home, thinking he was a form of angel being...
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So begins Franz Kafka's masterpiece, 'The Metamorphosis,' written in 1912 and is a magnificent masterpiece of three things. Physiology, sociology, and existential anxiety that has attracted the reader's attention. This work can be viewed as an exploration of the outcast in European society. Kafka's fiction is set in an alternate reality that is threatening, one always has the sense of...
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This essay discusses the views and arguments of the famous philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527) by analyzing and interpreting his theoretical perspectives we come to understand the ways in which he thought to acquire power and to maintain it as a ‘Prince’. In addition to this, we will interpret his work through examples from his book “The Prince” but also through...
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This paper will analyze the title ‘The Misunderstanding’* based on Camus’s existentialist ideas of Absurdism. ‘The Misunderstanding’ enfolds the whole universe of this play in it. On reading the text, one realizes how a ‘misunderstanding’ can change the course of our lives. Our actions and instincts are all governed by how we understand things. This play, re enforces, just that,...
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Fear, to a great extent, breathes life to a story we tell ourselves. The power to demand loyalty by inducing fear is one that holds advantages over love. Machiavellian values tend to take shape in our lives whether from politicians or people in our daily commute. Niccolo Machiavelli, while not Machiavellian himself, it remains arguable that the qualities of Machiavellianism...
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The Outsider by Albert Camus challenges the reader’s opinions through a philosophical perspective on the meaning of life, and absurdist outlooks within a diverse range of settings throughout the novel. Meursault, the protagonist of the story, is represented as an emotionally repressive, misunderstood and unaffected individual who holds the value of indifference and triviality towards the many people surrounding him....
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As we transition into 2020 it is a good time to question how well do we know our selves? How do we make sense of our old wounds, our desires, our triggers and behavior? How can we become more balanced, spiritually evolved and how do we harness all our inner power? Perhaps while the seasons shift, it is time to...
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Life is all about making choices. Sometimes making the wrong choices can have a negative impact on life. Human nature is a prime example of life choices. Human nature is more than just feelings and compassion, it’s instinct, a way of living, the way someone was raised to think or believe. This has been portrayed in a plethora of different...
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The Second Treatise of Government by John Locke and The Republic by Plato is historically significant philosophical and political theorists’ figures. John Locke greatly influenced the American Constitution based on ideas on liberal government. Plato expanded the ideas of his teacher Socrates and argued for justice and equality in a state system. Though these two theorists hold valuable ideas, they...
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Throughout the Analects of Confucius, Confucius teaches and gives a lot of concepts to certain contents. Each one has many definitions that go as a circle and complete the intended meaning. In most parts, Confucius gives small definitions to the concepts of gentleman, filial devotions, humanness and rituals which give us a space to think in our way what he...
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Introduction The current analysis involves two plays, written by different authors to illustrate philosophical themes used to express meaning and purpose of mankind and their actions. The first play, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, written by Tom Stoppard, has two main characters, engaged in a game of spinning coins to determine who is more probable to win throughout the process....
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In this paper to answer the question about how much does nationalism fuel international conflict and instability. I am going to first define the word Nationalism. I will be answering this question by taking in context the recent terror attack in the Pulwama district of the Jammu and Kashmir state of India on The 14th of February 2019. My emphasis...
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This essay will discuss the significance of Plato’s theory’s and how they may or may not affect scientists’ ideas. These ideas may be affected by Plato’s belief in ‘a priori’ knowledge. This means theory’s using reason rather than experience. Reason meaning using knowledge and common sense to come to a justified conclusion on a scientific study where reason may have...
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Throughout this essay, I will discussing the nature of Plato’s thought in regards to who should rule an ordered society. I will do this by looking at the works of Plato in order to gather ideas, while investigating other key texts such as Jonathan Wolff, the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy and other scholars in order to discuss, support and compare...
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The society we live in will always push and suppress our individual thoughts, freedom, action and integrity; whether we like it or not. These classic pieces of literature, George Orwell’s ‘1984’ and Arthur Miller’s ‘The Crucible’, show us how our society’s loss of individuality is still being searched for even since the 1950s. A predominant theme in ‘1984’ and ‘The...
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Introduction If you think you have a say in what happens to your body, then you’re wrong. We spend our whole lives making decisions that shape our life and it’s entirely up to us, but when it comes time for us to die, we don’t even get a say in the matter. It should be our right to die when...
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Mathematics is a very broad topic and has a lot of different topics, some of which you may not even know is related to mathematics. Rene Descartes is a very big part of the mathematical world, and he made many big contributions that changed the way mathematics is looked at today. Although some people might think of Descartes as a...
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Our daily lives consist of a never-ending battle within ourselves, a talk with the voice in our heads that tells us “do it” or “don't do it”. It is rational to think that the voice in our heads tells us all the same thing - do right or do wrong. In reality, what dictates that voice is our own subconscious,...
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As people rights are something that we deserve, especially when we talk about human rights. Human rights are rights that every person is born with and keeps throughout his life no matter race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. These rights include things such as freedom of speech, right to marriage and family, freedom of belief and...
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Most recently the virtue theory has resurfaced because of contemporary theorists criticizing principle based theories such as Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics (230). According to the text Ethical Choices, “Virtue theory is an objective theory and the fact that it can have “multiple right choices” sets it apart from all principle based theories” (226). Aristotle, a famous Greek philosopher believed that...
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In The Turn of The Screw, Henry James presents the darkness of human nature through the use of ambiguity; the vagueness of the plot and the unreliability of the narrator which makes it difficult to distinguish between what is good and what is evil, however, the darkness of human nature is definitely present through the characters of Peter Quint and...
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Abstract Theories with respect to cognitive ability and moral development by theorists such as Piaget, Kohlberg, and others point to relationships existent between cognitive and moral developmental levels and criminal or deviant behavior. Research studies that have been conducted over the years, primarily on juveniles, have found, in most instances, a strong correlation between cognitive ability, moral development and delinquency....
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Aristotle was a Greek savant during the Old style time frame in Antiquated Greece. He was the author of the Lyceum and the Peripatetic school of reasoning. Aristotle and his instructor Plato have been known as the 'Father of Western Way of thinking'. His compositions spread numerous subjects: material science, science, zoology, power, rationale, morals, style, verse, theater, music, talk,...
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