The Kilauea volcano, the second-youngest volcano in the Hawaiian Ridge, has continued to have a significant impact on the surrounding environment and its population since its current phase of eruption started in 1983. This eruption is thought to be the longest-lasting in Kilauea’s entire history – a history between three-and sixhundred thousand years long. It is also a history that has also literally produced the island of Hawaii itself, due to the shield volcano’s gently sloping sides, which constitute fifteen...
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The Paricutín volcano is the one of youngest on Earth and belongs to the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt. It is situated in the central part of Mexico in the state of Michoacan, 322 km from Mexico City. The eruption occurred from 1943 to 1952 in the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field (Larrea et al., 2017). Paricutín is notable for the fact that scientists rarely manage to capture the formation of a new volcano and the full cycle of its eruption (Larrea et al.,...
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All lies. For years, scientists have claimed that climate change is upon us and that the global temperature of the earth is increasing. Many are concerned about the “wellbeing” of our planet. Gross. If President Trump doesn’t believe in climate change, why should we? Why shouldn’t we trust the man that is in charge of our country? Someone with that kind of power would tell us the truth, and only the truth. Right? People are obviously making these things up....
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Introduction Human beings’ lives and health depend on the diversity of life on the Earth. A healthy planet provides air and water, gives food for people and other species. However, pollutions, cutting down the woods, global warming with the greenhouse effect threaten the world and its biodiversity leading to the extinction of species and damage to ecosystems at record levels. Therefore, when people endanger the Earth, they cause harm to their health and survival. If there were a project to...
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There are many volcanoes around the world, one might think there are all the same but in fact, volcanoes are separated into three categories. The three categories that volcanoes are separated to is composite, cinder cones, and shield volcanoes. Shield volcanoes have been around for some time now but what are shield volcanoes and where are shield volcanoes found? What are the similarities and differences between the shield, cinder cones, and composite volcanoes? Lastly, what are the effects of shield...
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“The architect of the cosmos is not a common man but He is supernatural, super-heroic and un-earthly” The above dialogue light-footedly tells us that the maker of the entire universe is The Fabricator and we all are mere janitors of it. But do we truly live up to this…? In today’s world of crime, animosity, hatred, destruction, etc., do we really follow this….??? It’s a thought to ponder upon. Industrialization took birth around the 18th century. This is when man...
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Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Alekseyevich was the first man to travel in space on April 12, 1961. Since then, hundreds of people have explored past the earth’s atmosphere. Many discoveries and advancements have been made since then. Health and medical fields have benefitted from groundbreaking technology. We now have soil samples and extensive information on Mars, a spacecraft successfully landed on a comet for the first time in 2014, and black holes have been proven to exist. Everyday NASA is working...
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A worldwide temperature alteration is the term used to depict a progressive increment in the normal temperature of the Earth’s air and its seas, a change that is accepted to be for all time changing the Earth’s atmosphere. There is incredible discussion among numerous individuals, and some of the time in the news, on whether a dangerous atmospheric deviation is genuine (some consider it a fabrication). However, atmosphere researchers taking a gander at the information and realities concur the planet...
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In the words of Stephen Hawking, the universe was formed as the result of a “happy accident”. Life on this planet is one of the most beautiful accidents of all, the result of certain elements, chemical reactions, and the perfect environment. The Earth is an environment perfectly suited for human life, of which we have not been able to find a suitable replica, in the 3726 planets outside our solar system that we have observed. Of course, there are many...
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Our planet is covered by more than 10 billion acres of forests, which is approximately 30% of its total surface coverage. Now, about 15 million acres of those forests are being cut down per year so there is room for infrastructure and human assimilation. The Pros of Deforestation For one, our population is growing and it is expected that our Planet Earth will house around 10 billion people by 2035, around a third more of our current population. These 3...
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'Global warming isn’t a prediction. It is happening', by James Hansen. Based on this quote, global warming does occur and is not just a mere prediction. There have been many cases where various flora and fauna have been greatly reduced because many of their homes have been lost, replaced by many tall buildings and residential buildings. In general, global warming is a reduction in temperature on the surface of the earth because the ozone layer is thinning so that the...
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The volcanoes in Hawaii are formed on a chain of hotspots in the ocean known as the Hawaiian Emperor Seamount chain. The hotspot location climaxes, resulting in a shield volcano, and then dies out, reappearing on the trail of the chain, creating a new volcano. This is known as the plate tectonics and hotspot theory, developed by Tuzo Wilson in 1963. The trail of hotspots dates back to the oldest volcano at 5.1 billion years in the location of Kauai...
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For centuries, people across different civilizations had been terrified by the display of power that volcanic eruptions present, and they interpreted them as a sign of wrath and vengeance of gods. Clearly, with the progress of the modern science, volcanoes have been demystified; particularly, the development of the plate tectonics theory in the 1960s has played a major role in helping people understand volcanoes. The purpose of the present paper is thus to analyze volcanoes as a natural phenomenon. The...
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More time is taken to respond to a volcano eruption and this depends on the distance from the volcano. In the same perspective, fewer dangers are encountered when people are located further from the area of the volcano. Around the volcano area, the potential and immediate dangers include damage from a volcano, heat blast, flying rocks, mudslides, floods and lava. (Cutter, 1996, 529-539). The potential dangers result from the fact that rocks are thrown more than 20 miles from the...
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An Earthquake also known as tremor or quake, an Earthquake is the behavior by the earth’s surface blocks to suddenly slide past one another casing tearing of the blocks. The plane from which the block slides from is refferred to as fault plane. The position that is below the earhs surface where the earthquake originated is referred to as the hypocenter and the position that is directly above the hypocenter on the earth’s surface is referred to as the epic...
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Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are a lot more explosive than other volcanoes. Stratovolcanoes are one of the most dangerous types of volcanoes. The large, cone-shaped volcanoes form on subduction zones called plate boundaries. The magma contains more silica making it more viscous. The thick, viscous magma plugs up the volcano and causes pressure to build-up; resulting in a dangerous and explosive eruption. Composite volcanoes, or Stratovolcanoes, are formed through the collision of Oceanic and Continental plate boundaries. This...
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Climate change is a problem the public has ignored for so long, the Earth has had enough. Around the world there have been many natural disasters, due to the accumulation of the effects caused by human errors. Because heat- trapping carbon dioxide emissions are increasing so quickly it is estimated that by the year 2040 the temperature of earth’s atmosphere could rise 2.2 degrees Fahrenheit above pre- industrial levels, since most of the carbon dioxide is due to factories, fires,...
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The earth is made up of three main layers namely the crust, the mantle, and the core. The crust is a thick solid rock, the mantle also referred to as magma is a thick molten rock and the core has an eccentric slid surrounded by liquid. Temperatures inside the core are very high (about 50000C), described as a ‘huge fiery ball’. The heat at the core rises and magma is heated to an extent of exploding through the crust. This...
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Volcanoes have lava in them that is really hot and dangerous to be around or touch.There lava builds up and makes a burst that is called an eruption.Volcanoes can be found in many different places but are usually found around the Ring of Fire.They also are found on the borders of places because they have more shifting plates. There are many dangers and risks with being around one. Bright red lava flows in Hawaii can get as hot as 1,165...
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Mount Merapi is located in Central Java in Indonesia. It’s inside the Ring of Fire it’s on the destructive plate boundary between the Indo-Australian and the Eurasian plate. It’s the second most active volcano in the nation. The volcano is 2 930 m high and 32 km wide. The volcano has been around for 400 000 years. The volcano has been erupting regularly since 1548, one explosion stood out and it was early November 2010. Mount Merapi was named like...
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Of all the planets of the solar system, only the Earth is not only inhabited, but also inhabited by highly developed intelligent beings. However, this was not always the case. A few million years ago, dinosaurs reigned on the planet, but suddenly they all died, leaving only bones as proof of their existence. Then life on the planet was revived again and the cause of this phenomenon scientists associate with evolution, and religious figures with God's idea, with scientists denying...
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One of the common criticisms about advancing space exploration and space research is that “It is a waste of precious money and resources that could and should be used to improve life on Earth”, but in reality there is only so much resources available on Earth. Eventually there will not be enough supplies and resources for everyone or anyone. It is inevitable that a catastrophic global event will transpire causing humans and animals being forced to leave and inhabit the...
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Introduction: Climate change is a consequential effect of humanity’s expansion. It can kill off entire species of plants, and animals, and create uninhabitable regions on Earth. The ever-growing effect of climate change can be reduced though, and even reversed over time, but serious improvements must be made to the way people live and the impact they make on the environment. Along with the damage climate change brings to Earth’s ecosystems and the environment itself, climate change also totes a serious...
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The environment is one of the most crucial aspects of our daily lives, it plays an important role in maintaining the healthy living and existence of life in the world as a whole. The environment is everything that surrounds us as human beings including every living thing on the planet. The earth has very few resources that can support all the organisms living on it. With the rapid increase in the human population, severe pressure is being put on the...
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Homo sapiens appeared on the scene about 300.000 years ago in Africa as the latest finds in Morocco confirmed. Still, there is much we don't know about our species. Many questions remained unanswered like who was our direct evolutionary ancestor. It is not yet clear whether humans evolved from Homo heidelbergensis or some other species. Homo heidelbergensis is an ancestor that we share with Neanderthals who are the closest relatives of present-day people. Human evolution didn't follow a straight line...
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Nature is one of the factors that sustain life. Starting from the food we eat to the air we breathe. Almost all of the things around us are given by nature. But how cold-blooded are we when it comes to preserving it? We are like fleas that live on dogs or leeches that suck blood on their host. Whereas it pertains to us humans being irresponsible in taking care of nature. If this goes by, we might regret it in...
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The study of geography has not been described as such until relatively recently. Despite Ptolemy’s ‘Geographia’ being written millennia ago, it was not translated until the 15th century. The various disciplines considered to comprise what is considered modern geography (cartography, geology, anthropology, etc.) were still not labeled ‘geography’ until colonial times when explorers would set out to study and supposedly ‘discover’ new land. This means that the history of geography under that term is not expansive, and even if stretched...
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Geography is considered to be science because it uses the scientific method, and because of the modernization gadget related to science such as anemometer, remote sensing, global positioning, compass, hydrometer, and pressure sensor would not have existed today without geography. Geography can be categorized into two parts: physical geography and human geography. Physical geography mainly deals with the Earth. Its main objective is to understand about the atmosphere, geomorphology, soil geography, geology, oceanography, climatology, flora, and fauna. This branch is...
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Geography is a subset of Earth science one of the natural sciences along with biology, chemistry, and genetics. It studies both physical and cultural features, such as land features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth and planets. Geography has been called a world discipline and a bridge between the human and physical sciences. Alexander Von Humboldt, a German traveler, scientist and geographer from 1769-1859, is commonly known as the father of modern geography and other geographers came to conclude that...
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Introduction Living things encompass the vast array of organisms that populate our planet, ranging from microscopic bacteria to majestic forests and complex human beings. This informative essay explores the characteristics and diversity of living things, highlighting their remarkable adaptations, the interconnectedness of ecosystems, and the essential role they play in sustaining life on Earth. By delving into the fascinating world of living things, we gain a deeper appreciation for the complexity, beauty, and resilience of the natural world. Characteristics of...
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