Socrates’ Worldview The goal of this paper is to accumulate and examine the views of Socrates according to four of the eight fundamental questions. Excerpts from Defence of Socrates, Euthyphro, and Crito by Plato will be used in this essay. The text from Defence of Socrates, Euthyphro, and Crito will be shortened for in-text citations to eliminate confusion and unnecessary information. All statements and original ideas in this paper have been formulated using these sources. Condition/Problem Most people are further...
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Life brings along a lot of good and bad affairs. However, we try to focus on the good which brings us happiness, but the bad affair sometimes tends to ruin the good times. One of the bad affairs that society today faces is homelessness. Homelessness can be defined as not having a fixed roof over one’s head or living in temporary accommodation under the threat of eviction. This paper focuses on societal views to try to explain the issue of...
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It is not ethical to deny a person an organ transplant if they are a current smoker. The risks do not outweigh the benefits. Although available organs for transplant are scarce, a person who smokes should not be denied a life-saving procedure. The intent of this paper is to provide ethical reasoning, which is in favor of providing organ transplants for people who smoke. According to Butts and Rich (2020), “An ethical dilemma is a situation in which an individual...
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Abstract The Philosophy of education has been a wide international forum since the beginning of mankind. I believe the student-centered approach in my teaching. I believe in a safe environment so learners can flourish. A strong teaching philosophy will make clear claims of your teaching, reach one, teach one is a belief if you’re reaching your students its clear concrete examples and evidence, you’re reaching them. When I have received my Master of School Counselor, I want to teach and...
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Before start answering this question we need to know who was Jean Jacques Rousseau and the meaning of equality and democracy. Jean Jacques Rousseau was a Swiss philosopher known because of one of his works called general will, which is a theory collectively held will that aims at the common good or common interest, this theory supports Rousseau’s political thought that was a modern republican thought. Rousseau referred the general will as a way where everyone was going to have...
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Introduction: Machiavelli's Controversial Legacy Niccolò Machiavelli was a political thinker, philosopher and diplomat in Renaissance Italy. His most famous text, The Prince, was controversial; leading to him being labelled an immoralist and a teacher of evil. Machiavelli's Departure from Traditional Morality Machiavelli’s ideologies held in The Prince were an outlandish step in political thought; disregarding a large proportion of the beliefs that were held in the texts of antiquity which had seen a revival in the Renaissance period. In The...
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There are numerous theories that have been innovated since the beginning of time. From the Greeks, the Renaissance, and to Thomas Hobbes there has always been a new theory to human nature. Thomas Hobbes introduced the nature of egoism and the factors along with it. Egoism is the way humans are and how we are meant to be. According to Hobbes, egoism is someone, who only acts in their own interests. Even if that person claims that they did something...
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The care of human life and happiness and not their destruction is the first and only legitimate object of good government. (Thomas Jefferson) In our day-to-day life we often come across terminally-ill patients that are bedridden and are totally dependent on others. It is actually hurts their sentiments. Looking at them one must say death would be a better option for them rather than living such a painful life; which is painful physically as well as psychologically. But if one...
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John Locke, arguably one of the most influential contemporary figures to shape the modern western world, but also, arguably one of the most contradictory. Within his work, Second Treatise of Government, Locke explores numerous political concepts such as the idea that as members of society, we consent to have a government and we consent to our government taking some of our freedoms in exchange for the protection of life, liberty, and property. In addition, Locke also explores other concepts such...
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Ancient political philosophy was mainly based on the premise that human potential is fulfilled in the Polis and on the citizen life itself. It encompassed ethics, justice, and politeia, (constitutions) thus implying how society is or how it should be organized (M. Lane, 2018). From that period many of the most relevant concepts and works came from the all-time most important philosophers, that set the foundations of Western Philosophy and the Political discourse of more than two millennia – Plato...
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Social psychology is the scientific study of how people’s behaviour, thoughts, feelings, actions, belief and moral conduct changes significantly when interacting with others in a social setting that could either be a real life, such as a prison institution, or an imagined one set up solely as a case study, or experiment to measure results (McLeod 2007). Two psychologists, Philip Zimbardo and Stanley Milgram, carried out a number of conformity experimental studies to explore and understand why people’s behaviour changed...
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This novella, The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka is about a man that completely transformed into a gigantic bug at the beginning of the story. The most remarkable thing is that Gregor, as a human being and insect, accepts the difficulties he faces without complaining. When his father's business collapsed, he accepted his new role as the money-maker in the family without asking questions. Even if that meant he had to work as a traveling salesman which he disliked. When he...
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I will argue that factory farming is not ethical because the act is not virtuous, promotes the reverse of happiness, and disregards moral act of duty. Then explore and explain the philosophical views and theories of Aristotle, James Mills and Immanuel Kant. Through the lenses of their arguments, I will deduce whether they would consider factory farming as an ethical practice or not. Factory Farming Factory Farming can be defined as the raising of farm animals in poor and often...
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In Machiavelli's various works, he propagates the usage of violence in them. So much so that it is impossible not to think of violence when you think of him. He utilises the The Prince to convey messages of mass killings and near genocides as a means of maintaining power as a ruler. It is evident that he advocates for its necessity. In his short story Belfagor, he writes about how this demon violently possess women and mob chasings. Machiavelli is...
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In this essay I will compare the stances of Judith Thomson and Don Marquis on the topic of abortion. Thomson argues that abortion is acceptable in some cases, she believes that everyone has a right to life, but that does not include the right to use someone else’s body without permission. Marquis is similar in the way that he does not swing completely one way on the rightfulness or wrongfulness of abortion. His main point is not that abortion is...
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Fictional stories play an important role in our lives, they allow the audience to experience things that are thought to be impossible as well as provide a deeper understanding of many life questions which non-fictional stories can’t seem to cover. Throughout this term, we have covered multiple fictional stories with many forcing the audience to think outside what we know to be true, think outside our own personal experiences and imagine a world, unlike anything we are familiar with. This...
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The Allegory of the Cave is the story written by the Greek philosopher Plato, who was the founder of the Platonist school of academy and thought. He presented this story as the dialogues between two people. An allegory refers to a deeper meaning in this story everything is illustrating something else. In this story Plato, tells that most of us are living in world where all of us are covered with fake environment unknown to reality. In this essay, I...
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During the 18th century in the north, several philosophical movements were beginning to occur. One in particular happening during the market revolution was the Transcendentalism movement. It involved the combination of European Romanticism and the lifestyles of the United States. Just like other movements happening, this one started with one person and grew by people agreeing with that one person, in this case Ralph Waldo Emerson. Those who continued to follow this movement created artwork, wrote poems, and had ideas...
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Kant and Hobbes propose distinct theories regarding human nature which shows their different conceptions of ethics. Both philosophers define what it means to be morally “good” in their own way and this leads to their thoughts surrounding human life in its simplest form. Each different representation of human nature can be displayed through different laws and theories presented by each philosopher. There can be similarities found in-between the lines of each method presented but, there are mostly unique ideas separating...
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My goal in this article is to examine whether the ideal political society proposed in Jean- Jacques Rousseau’s book successfully resolve the problems of three types of the dependence identified in his book. To examine the effectiveness and the limitations of Social Contract in regard to the problems of dependence, I will look closely into botH. On the one hand, I will start by identifying three types of dependences, addressing the origin, and defining the consequences in society. On the...
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Biographical Information Born on July 26th, 1875 in Kesswil, Switzerland, Carl Jung had a religious upbringing, as his father was a pastor and his mother was daughter to a prominent theologian of the time. The Zeitgeist of rural Switzerland at the time was also so that Christianity in the area was often linked with superstitious beliefs This superstition was a result of his mother’s mental illness during his childhood, as she would complain about the spirits who would visit her...
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Ethical codes of practice have evolved throughout history as a consequence of events, studies, and human nature. Ethical consideration was first documented by the American Psychology Association (APA) when founded in 1892, a majority of the first psychological articles published focused on ethics. A review of the articles indicated that psychologists were exploring ethical issues that are still currently researched such as confidentiality, conflict of interest, and consent (Sinclair, 2017). The Nuremberg Code of Ethics in Medical Research (1947) was...
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The clarity that can be found through following the principles of existentialism allows people to find their way in the world around them as well as allowing them to find meaning in the life they’ve been given. It strips away the veil of positivity and removes the idea of fate, forcing people to face the world’s trials and create a personal destiny. Existentialism allows people to see how absolutely, fully alone they are, but in this solitude, control can be...
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Leadership literature has not remained the same as over the years it has been developed by various researchers and there has been a strong belief that leadership is something that is modifiable as there is a transformation constantly happening in the way people think over the years. The principal theories appeared throughout the 19th century such as the Great Man Theory, the Trait theory, the Behavioural theory amongst many others. Leadership theories are adjusted due to the changes happening in...
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INTRODUCTION In this essay I am going to look nor talk about the following: Existentialism basically implies the meaning of life, how one specify life as per his/her discoveries. Existentialism enable people to experience their lives without worrying over the desires for the world since this specific philosophical point of view does not have a particular clarification or desires on what life is or expected to be. In content I will connect the Existentialism philosophical point of view theory with...
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When many people try and talk about how the Constitution advocated for racial quality, there isn’t any real proof of such. In fact, most modern historians conclude that the American Constitution could in fact be a proslavery document. Recognition of the proslavery Constitution would lead the United States to explore our early history much deeper. The Constitution protected slavery and promoted slave possession, which consisted of many proslavery clauses. The Apportionment Clause, Article I, Section 2, added three-fifths of slaves...
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My Personal Philosophy of Nursing Nursing is a noble profession of caring for an individual, family, group or community to uplift their health status. Since I was a child the two main values I have inculcated is caring and empathy for other who is need by any means when I joined nursing in first year after studying fundamentals of nursing as a course I developed my philosophy and according to my point of view the prime component of nursing is...
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It is fair to say Aristotle’s treatment of friendship (philia) has received relatively little attention, and yet there is little doubt that Aristotle provides in books VIII and IX what remains one of the richest and most enduringly useful accounts of friendship in Western philosophy. Its lasting value is evidenced by the fact that his threefold distinction between the types of friendships - friendships of Goodness, Pleasure, or Utility - is still used in many contemporary works on friendship as...
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In George Orwell’s book 1984, we are taken to the year 1984 in a futuristic totalitarian state. We experience this ‘new’ society through the main character, Winston Smith. Winston is portrayed in the story as an average man living in Oceania and working for the government in the Ministry of Truth. Even his surname, Smith, which is the most common last name in the English Language, tells us that Orwell has done this purposefully to make the character seem more...
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