Introduction Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting men worldwide, with significant implications for public health. The prostate is a small gland located below the bladder and in front of the rectum, playing a crucial role in male reproductive health by producing seminal fluid. Prostate cancer occurs when cells in the prostate gland grow uncontrollably, forming tumors...
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Breast Cancer, as defined by Majure, breast cancer is an 'uncontrolled growth of abnormal breast cells' (Majure: 110). In other words, Breast cancer starts when cells in the breast begin to grow out of control. These cells usually form a tumor that can often be seen on an x-ray or felt as a lump. The tumor is malignant (cancerous) if...
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Breast cancer has become a major public health issue worldwide and is the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women (1). South Africa accounts for one out of every four cancers diagnosed and one out of every five cancer deaths among women(2). The rate of breast cancer among the female South African population is rising by the day and is...
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Imagine you are a young adult with your whole life ahead of you. Marriage, children, grandchildren, all of it. One day you find out that you have a history of breast cancer in your family, that doesn’t mean you’ll have it but there is a chance. You’re worried and stressed because you know nothing about this disease, so you look...
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Invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common type of breast cancer, it begins in the cells that line the milk duct in the breast, then the cancer penetrates the channel wall and grows into nearby breast tissue, at this stage it can spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system and the bloodstream. Given in this case,...
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Introduction Triple negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer which do not have any receptors that are commonly found in other subtypes of breast cancer. It shows negative for the progesterone receptors (PR), estrogen receptors (ER) and human epidermal growth factor (HER2) protein. About 12 to 20 percent of all breast cancers are triple negative breast cancer...
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Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) defined genomics as ‘the study of genes and their functions, and related techniques (WHO, n .d.). The completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP) in 2003 marked a new era of the genome in medicine and health. Although our knowledge of human genomes is far from complete, genomics is making a huge impact on...
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Introduction What is cancer? Cancer can be grouped as more than 100 different diseases and develops all over the body [1]. Abnormal cells will divide uncontrollably leading to the destruction of body tissues. Genetic changes affect the body’s logical processes. The cells that grow uncontrollably may form a tumor that can be benign or cancerous. A cancerous tumor can grow...
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If I had to choose one of the leading causes of death in the country it would be cancer. In 2016, cancer had the second-largest death toll, killing 598,038 people (Zuber, 2019). One of the health disparities being the leading cause of death is that breast cancer tends to affect more black women at a faster rate than it does...
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Many diseases that affect a person are life-threatening. Cancer is one of those fatal diseases. Cancer is basically a general name that is given to a whole group of diseases that have one thing in common – abnormal cell growth. The causes of this disease cannot be traced to a single factor because many factors contribute to its birth. Its...
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To promote their fast multiplication and expansion across the body, cancer cells change their metabolism. Cancer cells prefer to utilize aldohexose for aerobic metabolism rather than delivering it through the organic process glycolysis pathway. Glycolysis produces ATP and pyruvate from glucose. The ribose 5-phosphate and NADPH are then generated in the mitochondria or incorporated into the tricarboxylic acid cycle through...
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Cancer is an acute condition where abnormal cells consecutively divide and spread into neighboring tissues, which endangers cell life if the spread is not controlled. According to World Health Organization (WHO) (2010), cancer causes 13% of all deaths in 2004, accounting for 7.4 million deaths which mostly spread across lung (1.3 million deaths/year), stomach (803,000 deaths), colorectal (639,000 deaths), liver...
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The thought of the word cancer brings up so many emotions due to its negative connotation. Cancer has created this poor reputation by taking the lives of so many innocent people each day. Cancer is irregular cell growth which is due to the alterations of DNA caused by many lifestyle factors. During 1981 it was estimated that diet was responsible...
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Role of Astrology in Diagnosis of Cancer Abstract: Someone rightly pointed out ‘Health is Wealth.’ It is very important to take care of good health. There are various branches since the ancient era who started to study on disease and the causes to occur diseases’. In India, Ayurveda is the oldest branch that started studying medical science. Moreover, we can...
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Introduction: Cachexia, meaning bad condition in Greek (4), is defined as “ a loss of lean tissue mass, involving a weight loss greater than 5% of body weight in 12 months or less in the presence of chronic illness”, like cancer (2,4,15,17,18,19,20,22,30,31). To be classified in a state of cachexia, 3 of the 5 criteria must be met along with...
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Cancer The phrase everyone dreads and wishes to never hear… you have cancer. Cancer will take you by storm not only affecting you, but your loved ones, nurses, and healthcare providers. It is a beast that can drain you and everyone around you emotionally. Treatment can be exhausting and alters clients and their everyday life. With organizations like The American...
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Cancer is defined as a disease caused by uncontrollable cell division of abnormal defective body cells. Cancerous cells have the ability to destroy and damage surrounding organs and healthy tissues. Some cancers metastasize, beginning in one area and then invading and damaging other areas of the body. Cancer cells which group together form tumors, which can be benign (don’t spread)...
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Biomedical science involves using a range of laboratory techniques to diagnose and find treatments for various diseases. In this essay we will focus on the role that biomedical science plays in diagnosing various types of cancers. The different approaches in biomedical cancer diagnosis that will be covered are: biomarkers (i.e., miRNA), biopsies (i.e., liquid biopsies), blood tests and histology image...
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Cancer consists of a large number of diseases where cells from a specific part of the body grow and reproduce uncontrollably, which end up infiltrating and destroying normal body tissue (MayoClinic, 2020). This uncontrollable growth and reproduction occur as a result of interference of the normal genetic process involved with cell growth and reproduction (Conquer Cancer: ASCO, 2020). Each individual...
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Cancer is a disease associated with the growth of abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and destroy normal body tissue. Skinner et al. (2005) cancer is not a single disease but rather a term that defines the uncontrolled spread of cells. Furthermore, a study by Dennis J. Kerrigan et al. (2013) found cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity...
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Oral cancer is known as one of the most popular types of cancer among people all over the globe, and there are about 200K deaths recorded annually, as a result of it. Oral cancer occurs when a bunch of malignant cells infect the oral tissues, and this harms the oral cavity overall, including different parts, such that the lips, gum,...
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Numerous studies have observed at the chance that definite nutritive mechanisms or nutrients relate to increases or decreases in cancer risk. Studies of cancer cells in the laboratory and of animal representations have occasionally provided proof that sequestered mixtures may be carcinogenic (or have anticancer action). However, with few exclusions, studies of human inhabitants have not yet exposed ultimately that...
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My husband’s father, uncle, and aunt passed away after experiencing liver cancer a couple of years. Saying about liver cancer, you might think about poor lifestyle choices such as diabetes, overweight, over consumption of fatty, alcohol drinking or smoking. However, none of these people were involved in the most common risk factors above. We all were shocked about their fatal...
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Head-and-neck squamous cell malignant growths are one of the most well-known tumors worldwide and represent the greater part million new cases and 480,000 passing for each year. Major etiological hazard factor incorporates tobacco use, betel-quid and areca-nut biting, liquor utilization, human papillomavirus (HPV) contamination (oropharyngeal disease), and Epstein–Barr infection disease (nasopharyngeal cancer). An enormous number of patients are determined to...
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As is well known, a singular treatment is not enough to eradicate cancer from the body. The older approach to treating cancer is with the use of chemotherapy, a nonspecific cytotoxic chemical, while the newer approach is to treat cancer with targeted and immunotherapy treatments which have the capability of specificity (Vanneman, Mathew, et al.). Chemotherapy kills all cells that...
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Gene therapy is an experimental method for correcting faulty genes that cause disease to develop. Gene therapy attempts to treat illness by altering a person's gene expression, with the ultimate goal of curing or preventing genetic diseases. Gene therapy aims to solve the problem at its source by inserting the right gene or repairing an existing one. Genes are the...
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Cancer involves the uncontrolled division of the body's cells, which cancer can cause in any tissue of the body, and each type of cancer has its own unusual characteristics. Cancer begins when a cell breaks free from conventional restrictions on cell division and begins to require motivation to proliferate. “All the cells conveyed by division of this to start with,...
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Coping with a child who has a disease, such as cancer, can be a complex, psychological, and behavioral process that affects not only the patient, but the family as well. Cancer can cause emotional distress such as anxiety, stress, and difficulty coping. This quantitative article examines the coping strategies, religious attitudes, and optimism of mothers who have children with cancer....
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Over 8.2 million people die of cancer each year due to the bad accessibility to detection methods and treatment. The problem is that people are finding out they have cancer too late which makes it harder to treat. Cancer is the 4th most leading cause of death between adults 20-39 years old in the United States. Nearly half of people...
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Cancer is a pretty broad term, there are so many different types of cancer a person can possess. The type that I decided to talk about today is childhood leukemia. Leukemia is cancer of the blood cells, white blood cells (WBC) are commonly the ones that are cancerous. The cancer attacks the white blood cells which are meant to fight...
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