According to Kant enlightenment is the freedom and courage to use one’s reason without being steered by others in a direction. It is laziness that acts as a barrier to using one’s own reason, as people don’t want to take responsibility of their decisions (Kant and Wood, 1784). It is always easier to rely on others to make our choices...
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John Dewey is known as the master-mind in the history of learning theories. It’s not possible for anyone to exclude his work or ignores his particular theory ‘Experience and Education’. John gave authentic views regarding education and its system. He was persuasive in so many parts of scholastic modification, so choosing a portion of his work is injustice with him,...
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The two philosophers has very different interpretations of their God/Gods. However, I would like to point out that both philosophers believed that their deities are or have been present in the world at some point. Descartes wrote six meditations because of the fact that he believed that God created the world in six days, which is an act of presence....
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Psychology studies always has been a debate among scholars so that they can prove their theory with an already existing theories in a certain field of study. Historical perspectives of Psychology has always help them in order to open ideas and thoughts among psychologists. Few pioneers such Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson and many more does really widen up the perception...
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John Locke was an English philosopher and physician widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers, commonly known as the ‘Father of Liberalism’. Locke’s most famous 123 work ‘Second Treatise’, sets out a liberal premise of a community of free, equal individuals, all possessed of natural rights. Since these individuals will want to acquire goods and will...
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Soren Aabye Kierkegaard was an early 19th-century Danish philosopher. He was born in Copenhagen on May 5, 1813, and died on November 11, 1855. An understanding of Kierkegaard’s biography is important as his relationships with his father, Michael Pedersen Kierkegaard, and his fiancée, Regine Olsen, shaped him into a philosopher. Kierkegaard inherited melancholy, the sense of guilt and anxiety as...
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Aristotle by Christopher Shields is a well written book about Aristotle’s philosophy and his thoughts on ethics and how it plays a part in human nature, politics and arts. The different parts discuss Aristotle’s life and works, his thoughts on human nature, his views on the soul, his philosophical methodology and his four-cause conception of explanation. The book begins with...
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When the empire of the Greek began to spread all over the world especially into Asia, the Greeks were so clever and smart that they could adopt and adapt useful factors or elements from the communities they invaded. In fact they adapted many elements of mathematics from both the Babylonians and the Egyptians. However , the Greek began at once...
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Throughout the history of humankind, the ethical question of whether or not humans should pursue ultimate happiness without boundaries is often a source of philosophical discourse. Such a question has resulted in many interpretations and theories that have led to extreme violence, oppression, and affliction. Defining what ultimate happiness is and examining if it is possible to achieve such a...
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The eighteenth century was a period of Enlightenment as well as an intellectual movement and was known as the age of reason. Many philosophers contributed to the term Enlightenment because it was the awakening to a new outlook on life. Intellectuals realized that they could come up with theories and logic on their own without the guidance of another. The...
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By developing of Machiavelli’s political theory and ideas based on the government in a philosophic way that influenced the important names such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Locke, and Immanuel Kant, Thomas Hobbes, being among the founders of modern political philosophy, emphasized the importance of the social contract and the state of human nature in his well-known work called Leviathan in...
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Introduction: The Dual Personality of Chris Watts Criminals often have two sides to them, a good and bad but can it be possible to keep one side hidden? In the case of Chris Watts, it is. Personality has many sides and this paper will analyze the personality of Chris Watts through the theories of Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud The...
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There are so many legendary people who have contributed to the education process over the past 150 years. However, John Dewey has been a major contributor and tried to change the curriculum to better the students and their adulthood. There will be a few areas that will be discussed in this research paper. The first is will be the background...
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When reading on who might be the one person who had made the biggest contribution to how law and justice are seen today, I chose John Locke. John Locke is one of the most influential philosophers of our modern time (Tuckerness, 2016). John Locke was an English Philosopher, whose contributions to law and justice and the government changed the modern...
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The focus of the investigation presented queries; to what extent was Socrates’s death justified due to his involvement in the radical democracy of Ancient Greece? Thus, “Socrates against Athens,” written by Colaiaco and analytically interpreted by Smith and “Socrates,” written and edited by a series of editors and historians are two precise selects, to benefit the value and precision of...
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On May 3, 1469, a man by the name of Niccolò Machiavelli, was born in Florence, Italy. Known as the father of modern political theory, he was most famous for his strong efforts in his book titled, “The Prince.” This book alone gave a clear indication that Machiavelli was a non-believer and yet pessimistic. In his early life at that...
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“The soldier, as I shall show, has no means to connect his inner being to his social role; what Jung signifies by ‘trickster’ is lacking” (Rowland). Trickster prompts the existence of the animalistic traits that each individual possesses. Carl Gustav Jung, a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, divides our unconsciousness based on the genders. Animus represents male unconsciousness which is present at...
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In Machiavelli's, The Prince, he discusses with the reader what a prince should look like and how he should act in the presence of his kingdom. Many of these traits are what everyone man and woman should follow, including being compassionate, strong, and intelligent. Consequently, Machiavelli really focuses on the traits of a true prince, such as Julius Caesar. Caesar...
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Niccolo Machiavelli's views on military have been misinterpreted since his work on The Prince was first written, readers take his thought of how a country should be ruled the wrong way, and are offended and displeased by his views. They think that he believes that the end justifies the means, that a leader should lie to the people, and that...
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Introduction to Political Philosophies of Hobbes and Rousseau Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries emergence of various works on political philosophy emerged, giving current political scholars a meaningful and rational foundation on politics and society. Various works have constructed a core knowledge and have influenced how we view the world around us today. Political philosophy seeks the application of ethical...
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Albert Camus (1913–1960) was a French-Algerian philosopher, journalist and novelist. Perhaps not as much of a philosopher (as he denied himself to be) as a novelist with a strong philosophical bent, he is most famous for his work on the Myth of Sisyphus and his novels of ideas, such as The Stranger and The Plague. Camus used both his fictional...
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Socrates’ Worldview The goal of this paper is to accumulate and examine the views of Socrates according to four of the eight fundamental questions. Excerpts from Defence of Socrates, Euthyphro, and Crito by Plato will be used in this essay. The text from Defence of Socrates, Euthyphro, and Crito will be shortened for in-text citations to eliminate confusion and unnecessary...
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Before start answering this question we need to know who was Jean Jacques Rousseau and the meaning of equality and democracy. Jean Jacques Rousseau was a Swiss philosopher known because of one of his works called general will, which is a theory collectively held will that aims at the common good or common interest, this theory supports Rousseau’s political thought...
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Introduction: Machiavelli's Controversial Legacy Niccolò Machiavelli was a political thinker, philosopher and diplomat in Renaissance Italy. His most famous text, The Prince, was controversial; leading to him being labelled an immoralist and a teacher of evil. Machiavelli's Departure from Traditional Morality Machiavelli’s ideologies held in The Prince were an outlandish step in political thought; disregarding a large proportion of the...
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There are numerous theories that have been innovated since the beginning of time. From the Greeks, the Renaissance, and to Thomas Hobbes there has always been a new theory to human nature. Thomas Hobbes introduced the nature of egoism and the factors along with it. Egoism is the way humans are and how we are meant to be. According to...
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John Locke, arguably one of the most influential contemporary figures to shape the modern western world, but also, arguably one of the most contradictory. Within his work, Second Treatise of Government, Locke explores numerous political concepts such as the idea that as members of society, we consent to have a government and we consent to our government taking some of...
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Ancient political philosophy was mainly based on the premise that human potential is fulfilled in the Polis and on the citizen life itself. It encompassed ethics, justice, and politeia, (constitutions) thus implying how society is or how it should be organized (M. Lane, 2018). From that period many of the most relevant concepts and works came from the all-time most...
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I will argue that factory farming is not ethical because the act is not virtuous, promotes the reverse of happiness, and disregards moral act of duty. Then explore and explain the philosophical views and theories of Aristotle, James Mills and Immanuel Kant. Through the lenses of their arguments, I will deduce whether they would consider factory farming as an ethical...
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In Machiavelli's various works, he propagates the usage of violence in them. So much so that it is impossible not to think of violence when you think of him. He utilises the The Prince to convey messages of mass killings and near genocides as a means of maintaining power as a ruler. It is evident that he advocates for its...
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The Allegory of the Cave is the story written by the Greek philosopher Plato, who was the founder of the Platonist school of academy and thought. He presented this story as the dialogues between two people. An allegory refers to a deeper meaning in this story everything is illustrating something else. In this story Plato, tells that most of us...
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