Introduction Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally after cardiovascular diseases, and is responsible for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Globally, about 1 in 6 deaths is due to cancer. (WHO website). Cancer is a genetic disease which is a result of changes in an organism genetic material such as DNA leading to uncontrollable growth of cells; the mass formed by the transformed cells (tumor) is able to avoid the immune system. Scientists and researchers are...
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Plant rearing is the study of changing the attributes of plants so as to create wanted qualities. It has been utilized to improve the nature of nourishment in items for people and creatures. Plant rearing can be cultivated through various procedures going from essentially choosing plants with alluring qualities for engendering, to strategies that utilize information on hereditary qualities and chromosomes, to progressively complex sub-atomic systems (see cultigen and cultivar). Qualities in a plant are what figure out what kind...
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Rationale It has been claimed that “future medicine will only be based on synthetic DNA (XNA) technology”. Synthetic DNA are proteins that can duplicate synthetic genetic material. It could lead doctors to begin treating diseases by allowing the synthetic genetic material to interfere and prevent vital processes in the course of the disease. In theory, this method could function on all diseases (Sjorgen, 2012). As a result of initial research, a broad research question “Can synthetic DNA treat diabetes?” was...
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Abstract As it has been widely underlined in recent years, Global warming is becoming a big problem and carbon emissions from a variety of sources are the cause of it. To control emissions, several carbon emission reduction policies, and schemes such as European Sustainable Development Goals, Green Deal & Paris Agreement have been reached and put in place. However not all countries participate in these global carbon mitigation treaties. One of the many reasons for the absence of participation in...
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BACKGROUND THE latest threat to global health was recently given the name COVID-19 caused by SARS-COV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2). FIRST case was reported in December 2019, in Wuhan, Hubei province, china and is rapidly spreading from Wuhan to the rest of the world. Many of the initial cases had a common exposure to the wholesale seafood market in china that also trade live animal. This virus belong to beta-corona virus and compared with SARS and MERS, this virus has...
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Background Information I personally chose to investigate this topic because green beans are one of my favorite vegetables to eat, and I have tried to grow them several times with varying degrees of success. Because I was sometimes not able to grow the plants from seeds, I was interested in what variables could affect the seedlings’ growth, specifically soil amendments such as vermiculite or perlite. Because of this, I decided to investigate how the concentration of vermiculite in soil affects...
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In science, enzymes are being used as bio-catalysts, meaning they accelerate chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. Enzymes play a significant role in the lives of living organisms as they give aid in metabolic activities such as respiration and digestion, as well as help to maintain homeostasis. Apart from this, enzymes work as substances which break-down particles like protein, starch and fat, into smaller molecules, parts. Whilst enzymes are essential for the written above, there are numerous of other...
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Introduction Synthetic biology entered the fields of engineering and molecular biology as an innovative approach to study and manipulate biological systems rationally. Its novelty relied on the combination of genomics and systems biology and aimed to surpass the previous focus on reductionist biology (Van Regenmortel, 2004). Nowadays, it is widely known as the specialization that employs modern molecular biology techniques to engineer organismal behaviour (Cameron, Bashor and Collins, 2014). Currently, scientists are discussing the potential of translational medicine, defined in...
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Abstract In this essay, I will be talking about the career I would like to pursue and how I am going to pursue it. In the future I choose to do Astro-Microbiology or Exo- Microbiology because I have always wanted to know what is beyond the earth and and if there is any life on the other planets around us. I also enjoy researching the different bacterii and viruses found on other planets which can be used to find whether...
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To a certain extent, there need not be strict homogeneity to maintain coherence within a religious tradition for the adherents to ‘live successfully in the modern world’. There is a diversity of expression within the widespread nature of Islam, but it is the principal beliefs in Tawhid (the oneness of Allah), Kutubu’llah (the books of Allah), Al Qadr (fate) as well as submission to Allah that denotes an adherents success of life. Sunni Imam Al-Shafi (767- 820 CE) identified that...
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”It’s the little details that are vital. Little things make big things happen” - John wooden. In my case, cell biology is the little thing which will have a great impact on my future career. It’s difficult choosing the perfect career when you’re someone who dreams with open eyes. I’ve been up and down my road of career choices and it has been a task to finally decide on my future career. Deciding on my career was one of the...
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BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS DIFFERENT FIELDS TWO simple science terms comprise the word biotechnology which is biology and technology that is the technology by the employment of biological resources makes our life comfortable and convenient. (1) There are 4 branches of biotechnology; 1, red biotechnology 2, white biotechnology, 3, blue biotechnology and 4, green biotechnology. Red biotechnology; red biotechnology paved the way in medical sciences through the use of antibiotics to overcome bacterial infections of viruses, it has shown significant progress...
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ABSTRACT Current technology joins phenotypes to genetic markers to permit marker-assisted selection. Biomarkers are utilized to foresee phenotypic properties and are important tools for both crucial and applied research. Such biomarkers can help with developing fast, targeted, and minimal cost diagnostic tests that will encourage crop breeding projects and quality control. Recent years have witnessed an expansion in research reports on the essential part of miRNAs in plant stress response. This term paper explores the developing function of miRNAs as...
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Eating healthy, clean, and nutrient-rich food fills your body with energy, nutrients, and antioxidants. Imagine your cells smiling back at you and they say: thank you! Unknown. As a construction of a building, plant-based food is one of the special providers that conduct materials to construct the human body. One of the functions of a material is to give a powerful body. The power coming from the reaction that catches from the material that provides from the food. The benefit...
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The cellular respiration is a function that releases energy from food. The cellular respiration requires oxygen and glucose, which produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy. You might wonder why is the cellular respiration so important. It’s important because the cellular respiration provides energy for living organisms. The cellular respiration is the process where chemical energy from food molecules turns into ATP. The equation for cellular respiration is C6H12O6+6O2 6H2O+6CO2. There are three stages of reaction in the cellular respiration which...
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Introduction The evolutionary relationships between organisms are explored by Phylogenetic analysis and it is the vital foundation in microbial studies. In characterizing new pathogens and developing new treatments in biomedicine, development of reliable phylogenetic trees is an important step. The universal phylogenetic tree represents the evolutionary relationships among the three domains of life— Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya. In the bacterial line of descent, the root, or origin, is placed first. .It confirms that the Archaea and Eucarya share a common...
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Introduction Photomorphogenesis is the progression of plants where the case of plant improvement responds to the scope of light. At this moment, is used as a wellspring of essentialness. Any change in the structure and function of an organism in response to changes in light intensity is known as photomorphogenesis. Close by plants, it is a common part of progression in living beings, protists, and microorganisms. (Admin, 'A Brief Account On Photomorphogenesis', 2020) On germination plants go through a few...
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Introduction A normal biological characteristic of human body is its capability to fix hard and delicate tissues. Majority of tissues can fix and repair themselves within biologic restrictions. Though, regeneration is another issue. As in most situations, the tissues are unable to restore themselves to the former state after occurrence of tissue loss. That loss could be a consequence of birth deformity, sickness, injury, malignancy, surgical removal or atrophy. Substitution of missing body component has consistently been a worry to...
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In my opinion I don’t necessarily believe viruses are alive because of the fact that viruses can't reproduce on there own, they need a cell to reproduce. If you had a looser definition of alive then maybe they can be considered alive. I also beileve there not alive because according to the seven characteristics of life for something to be considered alive it has to be able to grow over time, respond to stimuli, metabolize energy, produce offspring, maintain a...
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Abstract Crop diseases are one of the major issues, but their identification is difficult due to the lack of required infrastructure. Plant diseases affect farmers whose livelihood depends on the crops and also it increases the vulnerability of food security at the large scale. Plant disease identification is very important because it affects the growth of the plant species. Usage of pesticides reduces the ability to fight back. The plant diseases are detected using Deep Convolutional Neural Network trained and...
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According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, a stem cell is, “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to differentiated cells” (Merriam-Webster, 2020). Stem cells are one of the leading points in discussion in science regarding the body’s recovery ability and speed. For example, it was said by the authors of the article Stem Cell Research and Health Education David J. Eve, Philip J. Marty, Robert J. McDermott, Stephen K. Klasko, and Paul R. Sanberg even go as far as to say that...
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Microbiology introduce to us those organisms that our naked eye are not able to see e.g. bacteria, fungus, viruses and etc. Nowadays we are already aware or oriented that infectious diseases caused either by bacteria or virus has the capability to ravish/wipe out a big number of population or if worst comes to worst it is capable of wiping out the entire population. Microbiology is the field of science that deals, study, investigate or scrutinize the tiniest organisms. Having accurate...
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Introduction Biotechnology plays a key role in diagnosing infection, preventing infection and treating infected patients. Electron microscopy was used to reveal the morphology of the coronavirus. Samples from infected patients where inoculated onto Vero cells. RNA was extracted from the virus replication cell culture medium, RNA amplified with primer for full–length gene analysis. Phylogenetic tree analysis reveals that SARS-COV2 is related to SAR-COV (2003) and bats coronavirus. Bioinformatics tool has played a vital role in the data publication online in...
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Introduction Methods for bone as well as periodontal tissue regeneration were therefore widely used. Throughout endodontic surgery, GTR was adjusted using various bone replacement materials and different boundary membranes. The concepts behind GTR will also be built on the idea that if epithelial cells, which migrate somewhere around ten times faster over other periodontal cell types, seem to be absent from the wound region longer enough for these cell types with regenerative capacity include being formed, the epithelial development is...
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Terpenes Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions that occur inside the organism. The products of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, protein synthesis, lipid synthesis and many others are all beneficial in the existence and survival of the organism. The molecules produced in these processes are essential in the maintenance of structural and functional integrity of the cell. Primary metabolites are molecules that are commonly found inside the cell like amino acids, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These are also...
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Nutrition plays a key role in building muscle and enhancing athletic performance, as athletes will utilize different diets that they see as the most optimal [1]. However, the health benefits of meat and plant diets have not been fully elucidated to weightlifting athletes. This review analysis focuses on the ideal and healthiest diet for strength-based athletes to perform, specifically it addresses the common notion that bodybuilders must eat meat to succeed. The goal of any diet for strength-based athletes is...
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Many biological students often wonder about the difference between necrosis and apoptosis because the two occurrences share many similarities. Despite the striking semblance, they also have lots of dissimilarities. So, if you are one of those people who struggle to spot those disparities, you have absolutely nothing to worry about because this informative guide gives a detailed breakdown of the cell activities. However, in keeping with our usual tradition, we have to kick off this piece with their definitions. Later,...
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Plant extract refers to a product that is formed through an extraction and separation process where plants are used as raw materials. Generally the original components of the plants are not changed. In some cases, excipients are also used to make the powder or granular products have features like good fluidity and resistance to moisture absorption. There are also a small amount of liquid or oily plant extract products. According to process and intrinsic quality, plant extracts can be divided...
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Rationale “Humans have stopped evolving and are no longer subject to natural selection.”(O’Rourke, 2020) Is an extremely broad claim with no evidence to support it, evolution is “the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from pre-existing forms through successive generations”(Gould, 2020) Whereas “natural selection is the process of which a selective agent acts on a population and results in certain organisms having greater chances of survival.”(O’Rourke, 2020) Producing stronger second-generation offspring. Through these understandings it...
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What modification was done? Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have a long history in application of fermented food products. Progress in gene technology allows their modification by introducing new genes or by modifying their metabolic functions. These modifications are important as may lead to improvements in food technology. LAB are widely used as starter cultures for fermentation in the dairy, meat and other food industries. Their properties have been used to manufacture products like cheese, yoghurts, fermented milk products, beverages, sausages,...
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