Formation of the bacterial cell wall, during the process of cell division. When the bacterial cell is dividing, it needs to cross-link strings of polymers involving sugars and peptide chains of amino acids. In order for this to happen, it introduces an enzyme called transpeptidase. Penicillin is now known to block the action of transpeptidase during bacterial cell division. It does this by lodging on the enzyme where peptide strings would otherwise be gathered. The penicillin mould developed a clear...
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1.0 Introduction: Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms and can be divided into two groups: gram-positive or gram-negative. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a gram-positive bacterium mostly found on human skin. Although most strands of S. Epidermidis are harmless, S. Epidermidis can become pathogenic and cause serious health implications if not treated correctly. The most common infection that S. Epidermis causes is golden staph. Golden Staph infections usually commence with...
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Penicillin was one of the first antibiotics discovered by A.Fleming. The accidental findings lead to treatment of worldwide spread disease as penicillin molecule inhibited the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall by mimicking the acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine of peptide side chain and soon the new peptidoglycan (PGN) formation is stopped and bacteria cell is susceptible to osmotic rupture and therefore killing the bacteria. However, penicillins structure contains highly reactive β-lactam ring which makes it susceptible to various antibiotic resistance issues. Due to...
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1. Dataset Description UCI Machine Learning repository - Diabetes 130-US hospitals for years 1999-2008 Data Set This research includes a publicly available dataset taken from the Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University. It consists of over a million records collected across 130 US hospitals and from various healthcare providers over 10 years (1999 â 2008) [1]. It consists of fifty features representing diabetic patientsâ information, mainly regarding readmission. As per our research in the dataset, the essential...
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Research: Many ailments have specific treatments. Headaches have aspirin, nausea has Zofran, and anxiety has Xanax. These drugs work effectively to cure their various illnesses, which is not surprising, seeing as they have medical properties that help heal patients. What is surprising is the fact that a sugar pill can often produce the same results as these treatments. Thatâs right. A drug with no medical properties can sometimes heal a patient just as well as actual medicine. The reason for...
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Care Plan Case Study: Systolic heart failure myocardial infarction Heart failure is costly for our healthcare systems and one of the leading causes for hospitalization. Many patients are not able to manage their heart failure after discharge and are readmitted back to the hospital within 30 days of being discharged. Another issue among these heart failure patients is their quality of life. These patients tend to have a poor quality of life if they donât know how to manage their...
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Vaccination is one of human history's most significant medical achievements, offering unparalleled protection against many infectious diseases. This essay explores the multifaceted aspects of vaccination, tracing its history from early developments to its indispensable role in modern healthcare. Vaccines have been pivotal in combating infectious diseases, leading to a dramatic decline in morbidity and mortality rates globally. This journey into the science behind vaccines encompasses their development, the rigorous testing they undergo, the ethical considerations in their distribution, and their...
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Executive Summary Our teamâs purpose in writing this report is to educate others on the topic of Marijuana; specifically the history, the medical and financial benefits, and laws regarding state and federal jurisdiction of the drug. The information used for our research came from reliable sources such as news articles from U.S. News and CNBC, Harvard Medical School Dr. Peter Grinspoon, and news outlet sources such as business insiders and the morning consult. Starting in the 1930s, and resurging in...
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âWhen it comes to the health of toddlers, you wish nothing but for a healthy child. One of the biggest controversies in this generation within toddlers is whether we should immunize our children. Immunizations or vaccinations not only protect adults from infectious disease but also children âby introducing a vaccine into the body that triggers an immune responseâ (Immunize Immunization Canada, 2018). As toddlers are still developing, so are their immune systems. According to Allison Kempe, vaccinations are recognized as...
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Antibiotics have become an indispensable part of the medical procedure to treat various diseases. Children, being in the most active phase of life, play in the gardens inhabited by all sorts of insects, slide on the railings laden with dust, sail paper boats in the muddy puddles on a rainy day and what not! We, the parents, are often on our toes running to the doctors with their cuts and wounds, infections and ailments due to their fearless fun-loving attitude....
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Overuse and inappropriate use of antibiotics in agriculture has been implicated in the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria, which is a significant and growing public health threat. Antibiotics are used in the agricultural as growth promoters as well as treatment and prevention of infections. Some of the popular antibiotics used as growth promoters are those related to Vancomycin such as Avopricin. These antibiotics are administered to animals orally, through injection or mixed into animal food. Spraying of antibiotics on plants...
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Antibiotics are a category of drugs that are commonly used for the treatment of bacterial infections. Commercial antibiotic use in farms started in the 1940âs, and over time the uses have progressed to aid animal growth and to stop animal illness in small quarters. This development of antibiotics in farming may be a valuable economically, however there are drawbacks that have seen little attention. This emphasis on profit from antibiotic use, over animal welfare and human health, is becoming a...
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I will be writing on how adversely unfavourable climatic conditions can affect the crops and farmers. Climate and agriculture work hand in hand with each other or precisely saying they are closely associated and interdependent. So, climate leaves an impound impact on agriculture, it could be adverse if it shows unseasonal or unexpected activities. India is an enormous producer of various types of natural crops, fruits, vegetables and spices. Punjab is the hub for massive number of crops. In recent...
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The controversy of whether parents should have the right to abstain from vaccinating their children, has become a prominent debate in the media. As it stands, parents legally have the choice to not vaccinate their children. The controversial arguments surrounding this topic have been heightened particularly by the recent reappearance of illnesses which have not been diagnosed for years, as a result of the slight decline of vaccination rates. The ethical issue in this case, is that an unvaccinated child...
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Due to the elevated use of antibiotics in variety of products and in anthropogenic activities the concentration of AB become higher in waste water and fresh water bodies. The presence of antibiotics especially Fluoroquinolones pose adverse impacts on public health as well as on aquatic life through developing antibiotic-resistant genes. To overcome these impacts, the use of antibiotics should cut down and a proper and safe disposal of effluents having antibiotics in it should ensure. Risk assessment is the mean...
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Antibiotics are drugs or medicines used to treat bacterial infections. There are two main mechanisms that antibiotics employ to treat a bacterial infection. They can kill the bacteria or prevent it from reproducing, labeled bactericidal and bacteriostatic, respectively. Antibiotic resistance is becoming an ever-growing issue all around the globe. The rate of bacterial evolution far exceeds our current rate of development of antibacterial agents. If bacteria become completely resistant to our antibiotics then we will have to survive like we...
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Antibiotics are key for treating bacterial infections such as pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections. Antibiotic use makes surgery, and use of medical devices in patients possible by greatly reducing mortality risk due to infection. Antibiotic resistance is a global natural phenomenon. Strains of bacteria can evolve to develop defence mechanisms to antibiotic exposure, resulting in failure of the antibiotic. Although this is a natural process the rate at which this occurs is increasing due to inappropriate use of antibiotics.1...
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The backbone of modern medicineâs success has long been attributed to an evidence-based paradigm; a direct point of difference when compared to the practices of homeopathy. In medicine all diagnoses and subsequent treatments are informed by a plethora of scientifically proven and reproducible studies (1). Under this paradigm, any form of treatment may be used for a given health related issue, as long as itâs mechanism of action can be explained and recapitulated scientifically. While some alternative medicines fit under...
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Coronary artery disease is one of the most normal but dangerous disease in the world. It spreads widely because the huge morbidity. Coronary artery disease is always happen in people who are smoking, drinking too many alcohol, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, overweight, high stress in their life, and, family history. For the family history, if your parent, grandpa, grandma or even your ancestors have coronary artery disease, you may also have coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease will make...
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Pain is the body voice that you need to listen to your body. Chronic body aches really make you suffer a lot; relieve it with natural methods and Ayurvedic remedies and herbs. âItâs not just pain. Itâs a complete mental and emotional assault on your bodyâ â Jamie Wingo. Popping up pills is surely an instant but not permanent solution to chronic pain and body aches. Over the counter medicines, natural methods and alternative medicine system works wonder to relieve...
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Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are debilitating injuries affecting a large portion of Canadian society. Motor deficits, a hallmark feature of spinal lesions, can be improved in less severe cases through neuroplasticity in the central nervous system. However, commonly used psychoactive drugs, such as alcohol and cannabis, have been shown to impair cortical neuroplasticity, which may impair recovery in individuals with SCIs. The objective of this proposal is to assess the acute effects of both alcohol and THC usage on neuroplasticity...
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When a patient is admitted to the hospital the issue to tackle is not necessarily only the immediate course of evaluation and treatment, but to also address what lies ahead of the initial admittance. The lack of follow-up care post hospital discharge is a matter of contention within the United States healthcare system and a direct causation of high readmittance rates (Jackson et al., 2015). Post hospital discharge, patients often encounter issues amidst recovery that cause them to be readmitted...
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In the work of an occupational therapist, prejudice is very relevant. Prejudice is a big issue in any health sector professions, as professionals are interacting with a wide range of people every day from minority groups. A study done in 1998 of the rates of prejudice among nursing students showed that most of them had a limited awareness of race issues but still said they would feel comfortable working with individuals of other races, however their attitudes towards sexual minorities...
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In 1954, the possibility of a nuclear war was on the horizon. The public recognized that increased exposure to radiation was threatening to longevity and that antioxidants could be used to neutralize its effects. Sources of longevity were of importance around this time, as America pushed to increase its average life expectancy (Harman, 2009, p. 774). Along with many others, Denham Harman was interested in what he describes as âthe long-expressed desire of âmanâ to âlive long but not be...
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Every task we perform in our life has some curiosity hidden inside it, curiosity to experience something new. Unaware of its pros and cons we want to experience it. Once we get a spark of pleasure from that experience it becomes our habit and then slowly that habit becomes our addiction. Everything has developed in its own way in each and every corner of this world may it be science, business or diseases. Yes even diseases have shown development, now...
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âWhen one sense is activated, another unrelated sense is activated at the same timeâ, this causes an overwhelming feeling as your senses combine in an unnatural and sometimes unnerving way - this is known as âSynesthesiaâ. For creating this short film, I took on the role of Director as my primary, and Co-editor and my secondary role. Both of these I have prior experience with but wanted to approach both roles with an open mind, ready to learn and take...
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Coronary ailments (i.e., CHD) is a major reason for death in the top advanced countries and is swiftly expanding in frequency among developing nations. Death rates from cardiovascular problems surpass one million deaths every year in United States of America and record for biggest ailment related expenses to health with the approximate expenses evaluated to surpass 120 dollars billion with reference to each fiscal year. Numerous diet-related factors, including saturated and total fat utilisation, fruits and vegetable intake ratios, are...
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Doctor Collins rushes through a bustling pediatric office looking for her next patient. A child wails its mother's arms as they wait their turn, and every seat is taken in the lobby. Busy would be an understatement, with the waiting room feeling like a Best Buy during a black friday sale rather than your typical doctor's office. The measles outbreak plaguing the New York community has reached the suburb of Westchester, and riotous effects have followed. Measles is one of...
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Did you know that there are syndromes that can cause you to think things are real when actually they are not? Dr. Ramachandranâs presentation in his ted talk video reviews three types of brain syndromes what they do to a person and research on what might help the people suffering from these illnesses. One is Capgras syndrome, two is phantom limb syndrome, and three is synesthesia syndrome. These conditions are known as a type of brain syndromes and can affect...
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Mr. Ahmad had a fall at work consequently suffered from an intracerebral hemorrhage. Mr. Ahmad was declared brain-dead on his 3rd postoperative day after undergoing craniotomy surgery. Leaving his wife and 2 teenage children. His wife was informed by his doctor and transplant coordinator of the plan to remove his kidneys, heart, liver, and corneas for transplant. When Mr. Ahmad was alive, he did not discuss with his family about organ donation and they did not opt-out of the human...
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