Composite volcanoes, also known as stratovolcanoes, are a lot more explosive than other volcanoes. Stratovolcanoes are one of the most dangerous types of volcanoes. The large, cone-shaped volcanoes form on subduction zones called plate boundaries. The magma contains more silica making it more viscous. The thick, viscous magma plugs up the volcano and causes pressure to build-up; resulting in a...
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Noise pollution from ships is the intense noise made from boats, ships engines, military SONAR and offshore developments which can cause serious acoustic trauma for marine animals. The Ocean is full of rich, diverse soundscapes of bubbles, grunts, clicks and chirps from a large variety of marine animals like dolphins, whales and a mixture of fish. The noise of ships...
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Our environment is made of living things and things not alive. The life of these species includes livestock and other microorganisms; the environment’s unlived components are food, water, dirt, sunshine, etc. Any time a relatively long toxin is introduced to our environment, it contributes to environmental contamination. Air, water, soil, noise, light and nuclear pollution are some of the main...
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Green technology, also known as Environmetal technology or Clean technology, is the application of one or more of environmental science, green chemistry, environment monitoring and electronic devices to monitor, model and conserve the natural environment and resources, and to curb the negative impacts of human involvement. It uses the National R&D (Research & Developement) projects to minimise the effects of...
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Climate change is a problem the public has ignored for so long, the Earth has had enough. Around the world there have been many natural disasters, due to the accumulation of the effects caused by human errors. Because heat- trapping carbon dioxide emissions are increasing so quickly it is estimated that by the year 2040 the temperature of earth’s atmosphere...
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The earth is made up of three main layers namely the crust, the mantle, and the core. The crust is a thick solid rock, the mantle also referred to as magma is a thick molten rock and the core has an eccentric slid surrounded by liquid. Temperatures inside the core are very high (about 50000C), described as a ‘huge fiery...
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Good Morning members of the Raise Your Voice youth forum. Just like you, I fear for the future. A future in which if we do not solve our climate crisis and stop being so arrogant to pretend that climate change isn't a problem, much of our beloved earth will be changed forever. I, just like many of you, have had...
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Mount Merapi is located in Central Java in Indonesia. It’s inside the Ring of Fire it’s on the destructive plate boundary between the Indo-Australian and the Eurasian plate. It’s the second most active volcano in the nation. The volcano is 2 930 m high and 32 km wide. The volcano has been around for 400 000 years. The volcano has...
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The term “acid rain” was first used by Robert Angus in 1872. “Literally it means the presence of excessive acids in rain waters.” Acid rain is in-fact cocktail of mainly H2SO4 and HNO3, where the ratio of these two may vary depending upon the relative quantities of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen emitted. H2SO4 is the major contributor (60-70%) to...
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Introduction Acid rain refers to rain containing strong inorganic acids in solution. The acids include sulfuric acid, ammonium and nitric acid. The acids originate from acid forming substances emitted into the atmosphere from combustion of hydrocarbon fuels and farming activities (Driscoll et al. 2005, p. 27). These chemicals interact with ozone and atmospheric moisture to form the acids which are...
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Water quality for human consumption has recently become a issue topic has recently gathered a lot of attention in the near future. With pollution of freshwater sources, drinking water resources could be diminished quickly if treatment from industrial, commercial, or private continues. The article argues that with the exponential human population growth, more problems will arise with available drinking water....
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Plastic is ubiquitous! From water bottles, bags, clothing, straws and coffee cups to toys, DVDs, Styrofoam, plumbing materials, and furniture; inevitably, it is in our everyday lives. The mix of positive and negative aspects makes this material so controversial. It can save human lives; knee and hip joints to plastic heart valves, however, at the same time it can also...
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Our Earth’s oceans contain some of the most valuable resources on the planet, taking up nearly 70 percent of Earth’s surface. Our seas dictate the weather, clean the air, employ millions, and feed even more. As the use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions began to rise in popularity, the polluting of the Earth’s oceans did as well, leaving...
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rotecting forests and restoring wetlands are some of the actions companies and governments are taking to make up for biodiversity lost as a result of their development activities. These measurable conservation actions - designed to compensate for unavoidable impacts, on top of prevention and mitigation measures already implemented - are known as biodiversity offsets. The goal of offsets is to...
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Merriam Webster defines tundra as a large area that has continuously frozen ground and no trees, and it defines biome as a large ecological land type (Tundra; Biome). According to these definitions, tundra biome is a large ecological piece of land that does not have any trees and is characterized by permanent frozen ground. Interesting, tundra comes from the Finnish...
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Whales, turtles and seabirds are in critical danger with 8 million tons of plastic dumped into our oceans every year, marine life is swallowing more plastic than ever and it’s killing them fast. Today I am here to discuss the types of marine pollution and how it affects marine life. Sewage is a common pollution, it consists mostly of greywater,...
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Water safety is a primary concern for many people not only in America but globally. The development of residential and industrial properties in water-catchment areas and close to waterways has triggered widespread water contamination thus limiting access to clean and safe drinking water (Goncharuk, 2014). Consequently, there has been a rise in the number of bottled water companies that offer...
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The Nile is one of the most important parts of Egypt to date. The river is 6695 km long and runs through the countries of Tanzania, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt. The Nile has two main streams that are much smaller, these streams are called the White Nile...
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The current research has revealed that both the New Caledonia Barrier Reef (CCBR) and the Red Sea Coral Reef (RSCR) are among the principal coral reefs. For instance, sources indicate that CCR harbors the second greatest barrier reef. The total average size of CCBR is approximately 1,500 kilometers (Darwin, 2010). This barrier possesses a significant biogeography interest. Moreover, for a...
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Global Warming, you’ve probably heard this word before in places like school, on the news, or maybe from your friends and family, but what even is global warming and what are the effects of it? Good Morning Ms. Hoy and year 8, today I’ll be talking about the harmful effects of global warming. So, back to the question, what is...
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Eutrophication is the situations where nutrient enrichment, increased algal growth and/or increased organic production rates have resulted in change in benthic community structure. This definition is derived from Bell et al. (2007) and international eutrophication assessments (Foden et. Al 2010). This has been a problem since the first European settlers arrived in 1850s and started expanding their agricultural practices, increasing...
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The Great Barrier Reef is an extraordinarily diverse and complex network of organisms that each serve a purpose to form a massive ecosystem with features that are vastly different than all others. The Reef sits parallel to the cost of Queensland, Australia where it has existed in different forms for over 500,000 years. This paper will talk about how the...
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Introduction The question about whether a tree falling in the forest makes a sound when there is no one to hear it is a philosophical puzzle, which has elicited unending debates in various circles. As Livingston argues, humans need coherent answers to archetypal patterns (12), and thus the answer to this question could be “yes” or “no” depending on how...
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Acid rain, or acid deposition is rain water with elevated levels of hydrogen (H+) ions. Acid rain refers to the ways in which acid moves from the atmosphere to the earth’s surface. It is transboundary and involves the falling of sulfuric or nitric acid. There are two different forms of acid deposition, one of them is wet deposition: acid rain,...
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Acid rain can also be termed acid precipitation which is described as rainfall whose level of pH is lower than 5.6 making it acidic. This form of rainfall results from the combination of Sulphite and Nitrogen oxides with the atmosphere resulting in the formation of Nitric and Sulphuric acids. (Weathers, K. C. and G. E. Likens p 10). The increasing...
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Our populous, fast-paced world demands quality food that is affordable – and lots of it. When it comes to agriculture and the need to meet our world’s growing needs, pesticide use is often a topic of controversy. In the short term, pesticides greatly assist pest control. In the long term, however, pesticides appear to harm the health of humans and...
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Essay on Biodiversity: Biodiversity is the presence of different species of plants and animals on the earth, which means it’s crucial that we take care of these precious creatures and preserve their habitats so they can thrive in today’s world. This Essay on Biodiversity on the importance of biodiversity will teach you about the vital role biodiversity plays in our...
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Introduction The aspects of biology conservation, and preservation of the biodiversity on the planet are becoming increasingly important for the humanity. Originally, there are numerous ways of coping with this problem, and this paper is aimed at analyzing the results of a survey, which was offered to random people. The questionnaire included questions mainly on the aspects of preserving the...
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Ours, a water planet. The ocean covers 71 percent of the surface of the globe, and it constitutes over 90 percent of all habitable space on Earth. Its total volume is around 300 million cubic miles and its weight is approximately 1.3 million million million tons. No wonder that Arthur C. Clarke, scientist and writer, once remarked that it was...
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Robert Frost was a prolific American poet born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco. Although he holds the absolute record for the number of Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry awarded to a single person, Frost struggled to find any recognition in his early years. In fact, he had to work at a farm for some time just to support his...
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