Introduction First product of biotechnology is cheese because chymosin was added to bitter milk exposed only by exposing milk to microbes. Yeast is another microbe which use manufacture fluently observing in production of bread, vinger, fermentation product. Firstly in 1946 researcher become aware of that DNA can move across individuals. It is clear that there are many ways for transfer...
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While researching for this paper, I’ve learned a little bit more about the history of dental carries and its effects on us even in the early days. I found a few authors who took time to really study the behaviours of oral bacteria that lives in our mouth. This paper also tells the importance of being well educated regarding our...
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Abstract Westernghat is one of the unique Biodiversity niches, with varied flora, fauna and Landscapes. The increasing demand for crop production with a significant reduction of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides use is a big challenge nowadays. Plant growth promoting bacteria has become of great interest to promote the crop growth and provide protection from phytopathogens. The use of PGPR...
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Viral respiratory infections can cause many different illnesses related to the respiratory tract. These diseases may range from mild infections to more severe ones that can even lead to death. The most common respiratory disease is known as a cold, which is a mild infection that affects the upper respiratory tract and it is harmless in most cases. Common colds...
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Abstract Plants are thought of to be crucial just like the stock of vitality offer to people. Plant sicknesses will affect the leaf whenever among planting and suspect that winds up in tremendous misfortune on the get together of harvest and affordable cost of market. In this way, plant ailment location assumes a significant job in rural field. In any...
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When looking at the great impact that the rice plant had on history, it is truly astonishing. Rice has been responsible for feeding people over a great time period dating as far back as 2500 B.C. This is longer than almost any other crop in the world. Besides it being a food, rice is also responsible for being a source...
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Abstract Middle-Aged Adults have so much to be mindful about from the concerns of income, housing, employment, marriage, health concerns and to top it off how to maintain a healthy lifestyle through diet that would help prevent obesity. With the hype over so many new and so-called improved diet plans that can help some lose weight that can help control...
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A variety of health problems in human beings have resulted from the pollution of the environment caused by diesel oil. This paper provides a summary of a study on the action of degradation that occurs as a result of the action of bacteria on diesel in the presence of waste food materials. During the experiment, the author aimed towards several...
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The purpose of this C.T. is to find solutions to reduce the impact of human activity in the world and we are going to try to find positive solutions that could help change the human activity in the world. The problem that we chose to solve is to reduce the amount of meat we eat.We chose this topic because we...
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How to prevent and what effects does E. coli produce on the body? The main origin of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli outbreaks are raw or undercooked meat products, raw milk and faecal-contaminated vegetables. Considering that the E. Coli bacteria we all have in our body. We can cite the most important themes that should be known about this bacterium as:...
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Abstract In the process of agar preparation, the agar powder was used along with the distilled water. Both were poured together in big flask and mixed well. Then, the flask was put in autoclave machine for sterilization with loosely closed stopper. After autoclaving, the solution was transferred to the Petri dishes. Then, petri dishes were put in incubator. The gram...
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The cell theory was developed in 1839 by microbiologists Scheinman and Schwann describes the properties of cells. A cell is defined as the basic smallest unit of life that is responsible for all life’s processes. They are the building blocks of life of any living being. All living beings are made up of cells. They may be made by single...
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Extracellular Vesicles (EV’s) are unique therapeutic biological molecules exhibiting numerous applications such as natural nanocarriers for drug delivery systems, stem cell-based tissue regeneration, immunogenic response regulators, etc. Their endogenous presence in all living organisms renders them the properties of low toxicity, high stability, and biocompatibility; making them excellent candidates for utilization in the biomedical and healthcare sectors. The major limitations...
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Apoptosis and necrosis Cellular death is a naturally occurring phenomenon. Cells often die due to a harmful environment or through a regulated process of death, with the former termed necrosis and the latter termed apoptosis. While apoptosis is regarded as cell death resulting from normal healthy processes, necrosis results from external factors or disease. (Fink and Cookson, 2005) When cells...
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The topic of reducing your carbon footprint by adding a more plant-based diet is pertinent to the environment. Eating a plant-based diet is a diet that consists of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. Eating a vegan diet does not include any type of animal product; a vegetarian diet does not consist of animal products except for items such as milk,...
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A plant-based diet is composed of whole grains, vegetables, fruits and legumes. It is highly encouraged by the government and health organizations because it can have a positive impact on animal welfare as well as climate change. Plant-based diets are also known to have numerous nutrients and minerals which are known to do wonders physically and mentally for the human...
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Introduction An analytical technique is a method used to determine a chemical compound or chemical element concentration. There is a wide range of analytical techniques which can be used, ranging from simple weighing and titrations to highly advanced procedures utilizing highly specialized instrumentation. According to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), chromatography can be defined as: 'A...
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Abstract The purpose of the investigation was to examine the correlation of enzyme production in response to the evolutionary impact of AMY1 gene copy numbers in individuals. Based upon research obtained in previous studies, there was an assumed positive correlation between gene copy numbers and the production of salivary amylase protein levels in mg/mL. Variances in copy numbers can be...
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Introduction Protein Kinase A kinase is an enzyme serves as catalyst which facilitates the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation, where the substrate gains a phosphate group (and become phosphorylated substrate) and the high-energy ATP molecule donates a phosphate group (and become as ADP). On the other hand, the...
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ABSTRACT In the Current era, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and declining forest which are ultimately leading to a global climate changes. The huge scale of lessening of forestation for firewood, building, paper products, textile and many other applications are gradually imposing a serious negative impact on the environment. Inherently, it has limit application due to the presences of hemicellulose and lignin....
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Abstract Giardiasis also known as beaver fever; is a worldwide diarrheal disease caused by the protozoan Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. intestinalis and G. lamblia). (Esch KJ, 2013) It is found in food-producing animals and in pets .Also , this infection can reduce weight gain and may become a apprehension for zoonotic transmission .(Ortega and Adam, 1997) Giardiasis is...
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Plant communication: the big question Plants can communicate too. They can detect other plants next to or around them and respond accordingly. They can do this by a number of ways, one way is secreting certain chemicals into the soil to affect how their neighbouring plants grow and behave, depending on how crowded they find their neighbourhood to be. As...
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f the time provided to the bean plant to grow is increased, the height of the bean plant will also increase because more time provided to the plant means that the plant has more time to photosynthesize, causing the plant to grow. QUALITATIVE DATA The plants were not all at the same place at the windowsill because the flask was...
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A diet as an athlete has a critical role in their performance. The focus in today's society is that meat makes people tough. Dieting is a universal stereotype. How can a plant-based diet give someone enough energy? People should support a plant-based diet because their performance will improve, it will prevent long-term damage to their health and will consume enough...
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Introduction Marine microbes comprises an extensive and diverse assortment of bacteria, virus, protists and fungi. They exist from the surface of water to the bottom of the ocean, the abyssal depths from the coastal to the offshore regions as well as the blue waters of coral reefs, hot thermal vents, estuaries, mangroves and lagoons. The bacterial domain in constituted by...
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To begin, agricultural biotechnology is the utilization of newly developed scientific techniques that have the ability to improve plants and livestock, which are not possible solely by regular breeding. After thoroughly studying the concept of DNA, scientists have invented solutions to escalate the use of agricultural productiveness. These solutions are implemented in many different ways, such as: genetic engineering, vaccines,...
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Microorganisms are ubiquitous, that is, they are found everywhere. They have been found to survive extreme conditions such as low water availability, high salinity, high temperature, high pH, high pressure, intense solar radiation, etc. Thus, microorganisms that survive these extreme conditions are referred to as extremophiles. They are classified on the basis of the main characteristics of their environment, this...
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INTRODUCTION The main goal of this experiment was to separate strain from a natural and the existence of living microbes which are present in the environment. The natural environment has a lot of bacteria suspended in the air. The surfaces around the lab can have capability of contamination too. In this experiment, microorganisms were taken from different sources to determine...
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Food, substance consisting essentially of protein, carbohydrate, fat, and other nutrients used in the body of an organism to sustain growth and vital processes and to furnish energy. The absorption and utilisation of food by the body is fundamental to nutrition and is facilitated by digestion. Protein, highly complex substance that is present in all living organisms. Proteins are of...
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Photoreceptors in plant In a wide range, plants need light for growth and development. During photosynthesis, plants convert light into energy. Captruing sunlight is mediated by plant photorecpetors, which are plant proteins that perceive, receive, and transmit signals for biological functions in plants. Sveral plant photoreceptors have been reported, among which, phytocrhome and cryptochrome, and phototropin known to perceive red.far-red...
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