America is a society like no other. A free and brave country. President John F. Kennedy once mentioned to us that America is a wonderful place because we are all here as one nation and we all stand together. He said “Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and success of liberty”. America is...
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Crime, or what one in the twenty-first century may perceive as crime, has changed drastically since historical and societal formation. From the times of Hammurabi to now, much has changed; a minor crime today may have carried the death penalty when he was walking around. This essay will go over ancient crime in a multitude of eras and empires from Mesopotamia, to Ancient Rome, to the Aztecs all the while including the various law codes each society had. Traditionally, when...
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In Scotland, there is a vast difference between the criminal and civil courts’ structure. The different courts settle different cases solving individual disputes. The civil court’s structure handles legal disputes involving individual matters in different categories by the type of dispute, such as company law, family law, and partnership law. Its main focus is to recompense the innocent party affected by a separate party. On the other hand, criminal law is a procedure of an effort by the state to...
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“We the people are the rightful masters of both Congress and the courts, not to overthrow the Constitution but to overthrow the men who pervert the Constitution” (Abraham Lincoln). This powerful quote by Lincoln really illustrates that our Constitution is something that is very important to the citizens of the US, and no one can take it away from the people. The BIll of Rights include the 10 amendments, this gives people the essential rights that are deserved. Now the...
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In this essay, I am going to look at the main pros and cons of party elections for public policy, as well as analyze whether it would be better to elect or appoint judges. First let's talk about some of the advantages of holding a partisan election. With the partisan elections, it allows the ones, who are running to campaign and get a better understanding of what is needed to be done for the people of the state and to...
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America prides itself on being the ‘Land of the Free’; however, as strange online activity and conspiracy mongering enter the public spotlight, the kind of freedom we so cherish must be decided. Are we entitled to a freedom to speak however we would like, or entitled to a freedom to be sheltered from harmful and false ways of thinking? As national security relies on governmental attention to threats of violence in the modern Age of Information, the question arises: are...
2 Pages
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Many skinheads and racist whites have been prosecuted for violence against African Americans, Asians, and other racial or religious minorities. People are not aware of any of them arguing that they should be acquitted because of their hatred of other races or religions. However, there is a famous case in which white rage was a determining factor and which allows us to explore with the viability of a white rage defense. The case took place in Hawaii in 1931 and...
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At least 10,000 juveniles are housed in adult prisons and jails across the country each day. In the United States, there are over 250,000 youths who are tried and sentenced as adults each year. The cases where children get tried as an adult usually involve serious charges or remarkable criminal history. Most juveniles being tried as adults end up being sentenced to life without parole. Life without parole means you would spend your whole life in prison. Some of these...
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It is believed by many that copyright laws are counterproductive and it can hinder the creativity. However, I personally disagree with the idea and believe that the protection as intellectual property is significant to a well-functioning society as it inspires and encourages the production of new ideas and further works. The logic behind the expansion of copyright is straightforward. The television show, movie, newspaper or the music that we listen to, they are all copyrighted. Copyright spread through our lives...
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The 28th amendment should be that Congress shall put term limit of ten years on United State Supreme Court justices after which they would retire. An appointment for life results in hesitation from justices to take risks, violation of our country’s democratic ideology, prejudice in judge nomination, and inordinate length of powerful influence. According to the U.S. Constitution, Article III, Section I, “The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior”.The term ‘good...
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Extreme gun control is a mistake in the United States because according to the Second Amendment, people of the United States have the right to bear arms. If people have additional gun restrictions, there will be more safety issues due to the fact that people cannot defend themselves, there will be hunting conflicts gun control is not about guns, it is about control. The foundation of our country was built on the right to own and control firearms. It only...
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Many Filipinos have been screaming and waiting for a change to happen. It is to have a much better, safer, and stabilized economy for us to live. One of the solutions that President Rodrigo Duterte presented is changing the country’s current form of government into a new constitution – a federal government. However, even though many countries have been known to become successful under this constitution, I don’t think it will be the same in our country, considering that the...
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Sports participation and scholarships opportunities for all women athletes, including colored women has increased due to Title IX. However, there is still work to be made for women of color to gain equal representation and opportunities in athletics. In the textbook, ‘Women and Sports’, Ellen S. Staurowsky introduces emerging sports by defining it as, “NCAA Institutions increased women’s sports opportunities, but these increases have primarily been witnessed for white women and thus: have resulted in limited increases in participation rates...
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Clarence S. Darrow [April 18, 1857 - March 13, 1938] was an American defence attorney who came to national recognition during the early 20th century for his involvement in a number of high-profile cases including the Scopes Monkey Trial, the Leopold and Loeb Murder sentencing hearing, the Sweets Trials, and the Massie Trial, as well as for a number of statements involving religious and racial conflicts of the time which were seen as highly controversial. Born in Farmdale, Ohio, Darrow...
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Throughout the history of the American justice system there has been no shortage of evolutions both in practice of all aspects of the American justice system but also evolutions in technology that makes the justice system more precise. This increase in accuracy among all phases of the justice system maintains the assertation that someone will be found guilty beyond reasonable doubt. However, before all of these current advancements in practice and technology many people were wrongly convicted of crimes they...
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Why do we have rules in today’s society in work, school, and even people like you? Ever since the concept of having rules in history. Yet, when people think of ‘right’, they would give many different answers for defining the word' 'rights'. The word right definition is “That which is morally correct, just or honorable” or “A moral or legal entitlement to have or obtain something or to act in a certain way”. Throughout history, many monarchies and governments have...
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What does it mean to be an honest lawyer? To unravel this, is to come a step closer to understanding the role lawyers’ play. Most people possess some degree of personal ethics by which they live, some others refer to a moral compass but laws and rules guide both groups. They can be easy to conflate so the ability to differentiate between them is important, because they can and often times, conflict with one another. As Wasserstrom phrased it: “For...
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A jury is defined as a body of persons convened by the process of law to represent the public at a trial and to “discharge upon oath or affirmation defined public duties”. The main act that governs the jury system is the Jury Act 1974, which were largely amended by the Criminal Justice Act 2003. The notion of including a jury dates to 1215 and the notions that had been derived from Magna Carta have only been reformed a few...
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Thomas Paine marked a seminal moment in 1776 for America’s inevitable departure from Britain, throughout his pamphlet, ‘Common Sense’, which consequently acted as a “clarion call for unity, against the corrupt British court”, despite its print form distribution. The pamphleteer published his work in Philadelphia, signifying his political motivations, as the formation of the Continental Congress in 1774 had encouraged a political movement to sweep across America. Paine’s denouncement of the “decaying despotisms of Europe” were largely reflective of the...
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Introduction Federalism is explained by Elazar (1987) as a combination of ‘shared’ and ‘self’ rule whereby, the politics and people unite for common purposes while at the same time maintaining separate integrities of all parties. Federalism has varying meaning and applications in different contexts. There is no blueprint federalism, various types exist based on the purpose for their formation, degree of power distribution and region’s relative power and size. Based on purpose of formation, federations could be coming together or...
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Few topics provide more polarising opinions and heated debates than the topic of gun control in the USA. Established in December 1791, the Second Amendment states: 'A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed'. For most of the republics relatively brief history (1791 onwards), US citizens have had the right and ability to purchase guns freely, compared to most other first...
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The Prison Litigation Reform Act is a U.S. federal law that was enacted in 1996. Congress executed this act in response to a significant increase in prisoner litigation in the federal courts. It is just one fix for the inadequacy of our justice system that many states and the federal government have delved into. Reports have shown that for every 100,000 people living in the U.S, about 655 individuals are behind bars. Since 1978, the increase has been around 390%....
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The ideals of the Declaration of Independence were established in 1776 which was all for equality, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, but were not entirely evident when it came to the re-imagining of a women’s role. Abigail Adams had been unable to convince John Adams and congress to grant women more rights as they were about to shape the new national government, but it could be seen that John was not going to Remember the Ladies as he...
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In 1692 religion was the center of most people’s lives in Salem, Massachusetts. When the idea that the devil could give other humans the power to harm others is when the turmoil began. Those who were given these ‘powers’ were coined with the name of witches. The Witchcraft Act of 1542 passed by Parliament, defined witchcraft as a 'crime punishable by death'. The long-held perception of witches brings visions of conical hats, black cats and bubbling cauldrons. Witchcraft emerged in...
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The Articles of Confederation were an adequate beginning to how we create a union, and establishing order within our country. This Confederation style of government helped our nation persevere through the Revolutionary War and give hope to those coming out of the “Mad” King George’s ruling. However, soon after, it would need to be altered as it quickly lost its effectiveness and left our war torn states in the need of a new constitution. But the article that is most...
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Substance abuse and addiction is a major problem across the United States and in almost all juvenile correctional systems, jails, and prisons. Substance abuse is such a serious problem because it can lead to both significant mental health problems and physical health problems. Just over forty percent of inmates in state prisons and forty-seven percent of inmates in jails are dependent on drugs while over fifty-five percent of inmates in state prisons and over sixty percent of inmates in jails...
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Costco Known as Costco Wholesale Corporation is one of the well-known retailers in the world that supplies more than a million quantities of goods in a discount amount meeting customers satisfaction (Lewis, 2009). Costco has it’s own organization polices with the main objective to bring our customers to the most affordable costs on quality brand-name (Lewis, 2009). With many areas around the world like Canada, United states, Australia, Mexico and Japan, Costco provides a wide range of product, Costco has...
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During colonization, a dehumanizing process of Indigenous people began; the brutal introduction of the new societal norms was accomplished by invading, displacing many families, murder, and rape. Once the first process was complete, an introduction of the new 'truths' about the indigenous people formed; this was that they are stupid, lazy, promiscuous, dirty, and so on. The harsh and violent actions also diminished the indigenous peoples' cultural and spiritual beliefs, many of them then turning to alcohol and drugs as...
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Shangri-La is a strong economical country buried inside the Kunlun Mountain. At present the Crown exercises the power and it does not have any official constitution. However, they have Legislative council (17 members), Cartons (5) and the High Court which is the higher court of appeal. All of which are appointed by Rani Plantagenet (Hereditary ruler) after Queens approval. Rani Plantagenet wants to implement a representative form of federal government which allows the inhabitants and the local regional government bodies...
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The Bill of Rights. Many individuals are aware of its existence, but should such a bill be passed forward and implemented in the Australian legal system, precisely resembling the United States? In this essay, I will present the optimistic and undesirable aspects against people and the legal system, if we implement a bill of rights. After America had gained independence for the mighty Great Britain, they required a constitution. Held at Philadelphia, Statesmen (who were individuals with supreme power), met...
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