Single Member District Representation follows a set of rules that differentiates itself from multi-member districts and creates some advantages for being represented by one official. The first rule is that for every legislative district, there will be one representative. The second rule follows up on the first by stating that each district must be contiguous; they cannot be distant from one another. The third rule came later in 1962 from a court case called Baker v. Carr, it resulted in...
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1.0 Introduction Public transportation can be defined as transportation by conveyance that provides continuing general or special transportation to the public excluding school buses (Tran & Kleiner 2005, p.154). There are many ways of public transportation in Malaysia such as taxis, buses and vans. Generally, taxi is a mode of transport for people to go from one place to another places. There are several ways to pay the taxi driver such as based on taximeter that calculates distance from one...
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In both houses members of congress are elected by a measure known as the direct popular vote, the process breaks down as follows, members of the senate are voted in through a statewide election, and house representatives are elected in the congressional district. The rule of how senators are elected is laid out in the constitution under Article 1, Section 3 of our constitution wherein each state will pick its two senators, the idea behind this is to create a...
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Introduction: A political party and army that give another hope for Kurdish people. It was established in the late 1978, the man, who established the PKK and then became the most recognize leader was ((Abdullah Ocalan)). Both of the united states and EU recognize PKK as an international terrorist organization, but it’s not the same things for the Kurds. In the past until now have many issue and conflict between Turks and Kurds so why the Kurds made a political...
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Introduction Political parties formed to accommodate opposing views, enhance the policymaking process, represent people’s interests, and provide an oversight role. The history of political parties in the United States goes back to 1783 during the time of federal constitution ratification (Bonica, 2013). Disagreements over the proposal to have a centralized government led to divisions and the formation of an anti-federal faction that sought to promote states’ rights over the centralized government. Thus, the basic reason for the formation of political...
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The name of Niccolò Machiavelli is often heard on our lips when referring to a certain situation or someone ‘Machiavellian’ (being clever but dishonest and immoral to achieve some means) used to address the different varieties of men (as in mankind) that behave in a not so ‘moral’ way. It is true that Machiavelli was no saint, no lawyer is, but this poor Florentine man did nothing but writing a book full of guidelines for rulers to keep ruling. To...
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My vote would be for Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton was born on October 26 1947 in Chicago, Illinois. She was raised in a suburb of the city called Park bridge by her mother and father. Hugh Rodham, Hillary’s father, was a successful business owner of a small textile business. Her mother, Dorothy Howell, was a homemaker. Dorothy gave birth to two more babies after Hillary, Hugh, and Tony. Hillary had parents that supported her independence and even her...
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My plan was to go to the Nixon Library with a few of my friends as a way to spend time with them. Since graduating high school, a lot of my friends went to different schools, so trying to allocate time with all of them is a headache. Until my grandparents overheard about this project where they basically invited themselves. But it turned out to be a fun day. We went to Polly’s Pie to eat a quick breakfast and...
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The United States of America makes roughly 5 percent of the world population, yet funny enough it houses more than 25 percent of all people incarcerated throughout the world (Coates). The hardest hit communities are by far those of color in urban areas. This paper will focus on how America used the War on Drugs to wage war against its own citizens, those of color anyway. It will look at policies set forth by the war and how it systematically...
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Have you ever been told about the government and how they listen and watch everything you do? Ever been told on how it’s for your good’ or ‘it prevents crime’? It’s obvious that those people believe that government surveillance is effective and reduces theft, however, research shows that government surveillance does more harm than good. One reason why the government should not survey its citizens is that the government is untrustworthy. In an article called “Our Sneaky Surveillance State” by...
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Role of Ali Jinnah as the father of the nation. As we know Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a barrister, politician, and the founder of Pakistan.[1] Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan’s independence on 14 August 1947, and then as Pakistan’s first Governor-General until his death. He is revered in Pakistan as Quaid-i-Azam (“Great Leader”) and Baba-i-Qaum, (“Father of the Nation”). The role of leadership is very important to put the nation on...
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Neoliberalism is the idea that society should be shaped by the free market and comprises a set of economic theories as well as a more administrative, strategical, and policy position. The theory entails that ‘a largely unregulated capitalist system (a “free market economy”) not only embodies the ideal of free individual choice but also achieves optimum economic performance with respect to efficiency, economic growth, technical progress, and distributional justice. Based on 18th-century classical liberalism, catalyzed by Locke, Smith, and Mill,...
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“Modern English Conservatism was mostly birthed out of coalition between classical Liberals and Social Conservatives in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century”. It contains the constellation of governmental ideologies including Fiscal ideology, free exchange or economical Liberalism, party Conservatism, ideology, Bio-Conservatism, and Religious Conservatism, also as help for a strong military, small government, and state rights. Liberalism is frequently contrasted with Conservatism, but these two are non-diametrically opposed. Liberal emphasis on individual liberty contrasts with conventional Conservatives which support...
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Margaret Thatcher in her eulogy appeals to our emotions to show how successful Reagan was especially during the Cold War. America was in terror and unease but Reagan's humor was able to keep the public together and unified. America is looking up to the President to provide firm leadership and the tone given alludes to people appreciating how the situation was handled as well as his principles and values. Reagan's humor was able to comfort the American people which is...
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During the late 70s and early 80s, the US was still recovering from the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal, and it almost led the US into a depression state. It was clear that the next upcoming presidents would have to make drastic changes to US foreign policy. In this essay, I will discuss US foreign policy during the times of President Carter and President Reagan. First, I discuss the foreign policies of both President Carter and President Reagan. Second,...
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On January 28, 1986, the space shuttle “The Challenger” broke up 73 seconds after liftoff, and all seven crew members on board were killed. Almost immediately, Ronald Reagan had been given the task to give a speech that would put the nation at ease. On the same day at 5 p.m., he sat down in the Oval Office at the White House and gave his speech. His address was broadcast live on nationwide radio and television. Reagan's audience consisted of...
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Rhetoric Practice While eloquently presenting her eulogy in 2004, Margaret Thatcher honors the life of Ronald Reagan. She speaks to both the American and English individuals, providing them with comfort as she uses words of respect. She emphasizes his respect and initiative by appealing to ethos, exploiting metaphors, and thoughtfully conveying parallelism. Thatcher also applies ethos to concrete her reasoning of Reagan's great character and the devastation of his passing. To begin her eulogy, Thatcher affirms, 'We have lost a...
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On March 23rd, President Obama signed into law The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, more commonly known as the ACA, or colloquially as Obamacare. Obama, and his staffers, had feared failure on multiple occasions (Obama, 2020), and when it comes to promoting their legislative agenda, the question has always been whether a president can get lawmakers to accept something they would not originally pass (Beckmann, 2008. pg. 407). Despite this, the Obama administration and Congressional Democrats defied the odds...
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Irrational beliefs consist of a psychological background and construct that might be biased to broader epistemological beliefs, including conspiracy theories and superstitions. The reasoning and behaviour of different individuals do not comply with rational ideas and norms. Irrational beliefs are mostly based on the cultural and pathological phenomena that have become widespread in the social environment. Irrational beliefs also have determinants that influence cognitive thoughts, including motivational and cognitive determinants. However, the most vital factor is cognitive based, mostly affecting...
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INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS One of the scopes of political science is international relations. Analysis of national interactions with each other, with international organizations, and with several subnational entities such as political parties, bureaucracies, and even interest groups. Applied political science, the history of civilization about a country, history, economics, law, human psychology, sociology, and philosophy of life are some of the disciplines of academic and other educational resources related to it. (Pfaltzgraff, R, 2019). Political science and international relations are interrelated...
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What is international relations? Define the sub-disciplines under international relations? In our everyday living, we are not aware but we are participating in International Relations. By Just simply watching from the television or listening to the news on a radio. When we buy or even try to boycott products from the supermarket. When we recycle our wine bottles, we are already participating in International Relations. These daily activities which are part of our daily routine involve the world’s circulation. According...
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According to Aneek Chatterjee, a world renowned author, a subject can be called an academic discipline if it has a systematic body of theory, appropriate methodology, and a distinct subject matter. The study of International Relations deals with the various theories of International Relations such as Realism and Liberalism which help to understand global happenings. It also concerns itself with the various paradigms and methodologies such as positivism and post-positivism, that help in studying social phenomena. Furthermore, International Relations has...
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The speech that Barack Obama gave during his inauguration in the year 2009 utilized a central route to persuasion. A central route to persuasion has special features concerning the audience, processing, and the result. For example, there is a utilization of facts to convince the audience about a message's worthiness. Notably, the audience should possess analytical skills and be willing to process the information they receive. These qualities were fulfilled during Barack Obama's inauguration. The speech starts by acknowledging the...
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Introduction: The above mentioned statement is true to a large extent and will be justified by discussing race and how it plays a role in being a central organizing feature of world politics. Another focal point in this essay will be International Relations, explaining what it is and discussing why race is essential to understanding the world. What is the International Relations? The International Relations is quite a complex concept to grasp. In short, (The Columbia Electronic Encyclopaedia,2013) Explains international...
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Abstract People have a natural desire to find explanations of the world around them. In some cases this includes the adoption of conspiracy theories. However, there is still significant doubt surrounding the features of a conspiracy theory, or the personal characteristics of the individual believer that make the conspiracy theory itself more or less persuasive. The following study will seek to gain a further understanding of conspiracy theories and why people invest differently in different conspiracy theories, and why they...
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Foreign Policy Achievements of Barack Obama In 2008, former United States President Barrack Obama campaigned for president and reflected a fundamental change in the foreign policies of the United States of America. His promises were basically challenging, and changing old-fashioned dogmas that molded previous presidencies, from trying to rule the world, to ill-perceived efforts towards building the country in situations that many American citizens have always disregarded. Objectives To enable more efficient US involvement in situations that he believed were...
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Obama, from an early age, knew that he was destined to help change the nation and in order to do so needed to focus on ending corruption from the ground up. I believe this sparked his move to Chicago, which was one of the most racially segregated cities in the US at the time. His desire for changing our nation’s destiny was only matched by his desire to learn who he is, and becoming an organizer seemed like a way...
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In this paper, I will argue that the victory of Barack Obama, which is considered historic, can not only be largely attributed to his highly effective political campaign, but also to his personality characteristics. In other words, Obama’s characteristics played a major role in his victory in the 2008 U.S. Presidential Elections. Barack Obama’s personal characteristics such as that being perceived as highly intelligent, having good oratory skills and his practical and inspirational style of leadership gave him an edge...
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I am going to talk about how George Washington or Barack Obama had a more successful presidency. I think that Barack Obama would have helped the US more than Washington because now we have more technology. Obama started a caring act called Obama Care Washington passed a lot of acts and tariffs as well. Obama also Signed $787 billion to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in 2009, to spur economic growth after the Great Depression. Washington did bring America...
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This essay will demonstrate that rather than automatically dismissing conspiracy theories as fanciful and irrelevant in product design, the designer should acknowledge them and carefully consider their potential impact on the success of a design solution. Examples of non-mainstream ideas and beliefs that have been incorporated into the design of products will be provided, including where product designers will be aware that these ideas and beliefs exist due to the emergence of a conspiracy theory. It will be shown that...
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