What do you fear? Some people might have to think long and hard for an answer, while some answer ‘clowns!’ And there are the plucky ones who answer ‘nothing!’ but secretly have nightmares about heights. But what lines must ‘fear’ cross, to be considered ‘phobia’? Fear is feeling threatened by a certain stimulus; an object, organism, or situation. However, phobias...
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Lev Vygotsky’s Social Constructive theory of learning: Zone of Proximal Development and Scaffolding and their Classroom Application Constructivism is a learning theory explaining how humans acquire knowledge and learn. It holds that humans construct their own knowledge from the experiences they have and that the meaning is influenced by the interaction of prior knowledge and new events (Elliot et al.,...
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Lev Vygotsky 1. Biography and Historical Context Lev Vygotsky was born on November 17, 1896, in Orsha, Russia. His father was a bank clerk and founded a public library in the city of Gomel, where the whole family moved. In 1914, Vygotsky joined the Medical Faculty of Moscow University, but after a while, he moved to the Faculty of Law...
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This scholarly journal article talks about a study that was done to show the effects of multiple intelligences used in a ninth-grade English as a foreign language classroom. This study took place in public schools in Irbid/Jordan and consisted of four ninth-grade sections. There were two male and two female sections. A reading comprehension test was constructed, and the results...
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Younger men choose older women as their ardent partners more than we realize such as famous Filipino celebrity pairings like Vicki Belo and her 24 years younger husband Hayden Kho, but many other couples have an even more significant age gap, yet, despite potential discrimination and stigma, age-gap relationships between younger men and older women continue to survive and thrive....
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Pragmatics refers to the study of signs, sentence structure, and symbols. It focuses on the meaning of utterances. It is what people say in terms of spoken speech or by the use of signs and symbols. It is a fundamental component in human speech because it establishes meaning and intention hence establishing a better understanding. It also helps in establishing...
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I choose two biases to investigate and explain how these affect on my life. People read articles daily, but they are doing not recognize that bias is getting used to alternate their opinion. “I’ll believe it once I see it.” this is often what the general public says once they have a special opinion on topics. However, changing opinions aren't...
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Do you know how self-concept influences academic performance? Today we have all heard about self-esteem and we have more or less clear what this concept means. However, it should be remembered that it corresponds to the evaluative perception of ourselves, that is, how we value ourselves. Now, do we know what self-concept is? And more importantly, what is the relationship...
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As a result of ever-changing conditions and environments, humans have evolved to adapt. Evolution has changed how we respond to fear. Fear can be defined as an intense negative emotion when an organism encounters a threat or dangerous situation (Gullone, 2020). In humans, fear can be displayed in multiple ways. For example, physiological symptoms of fear can include but are...
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Born in western Russia with a well-to-do and well-educated family. He had a personal interest in psychology and philosophy. He graduated at Moscow University in Law and later presented to the Russian Psychological Neural Congress and was invited to Join Moscow Psychology Institute. He worked on child development until he died of Tuberculosis at 37. Lev Vygotsky was born in...
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Original Research Abstract: Media influence may lead adolescents to internalize patterns of physical beauty, resulting in dissatisfaction with their own bodies when they are unable to match up to these patterns. In the constant search for an 'ideal body', adolescents may begin to develop risk behaviors for the development of eating disorders (ED). The object of this study was to...
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The term ‘Bystander effect’ can be defined as ‘the finding that an individual is less likely to intervene in an emergency situation when other people are present’ (Byford, 2014, p. 232). There are two approaches to explaining the Bystander effect, experimental and discourse analysis. This essay will explore both of these approaches, comparing and contrasting them, using case studies that...
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Nollywood model and actress Princess Chidingma didn't slow down the pace of fashion. Beautiful fashion models lead the fashion trends of curvy women. Princess Chidinma has graceful, beautiful and delicate curves. That's why she did a great job as a curvy model. Chidinma has different fashion styles. His style is urban and chic. He knows how to express himself in...
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Paradigms mean:- Paradigm is a phrase that potential 'a pattern or model, the typically usual perspective.'A paradigm is a way to ‘see’ the world. We see the world, now not as it is, but as we are conditioned to ‘see’ it. To make relatively minor changes in your life, the focal point on your attitudes and behaviors. To make significant,...
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Rationale My pilot study is going to be based on the Stroop effect. This test is to test is to see how well it works on kids and to see their reaction time. The Stroop effect was discovered by John Ridley Stroop in 1935. John Stroop found out that when a name of a colour is written in a different...
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This study is focused on the Stroop effect , this was formed by John Ridley Stroop, where they asked participants a list of colours in the same colour ink and a list of colours in different colour ink. The hypothesis for the study is 'That it takes more effort to recall colours than of words'. The main study that link...
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Human memory is a complex phenomenon which psychologists have been studying for years. Atkinson and Shiffrinâs (1968) multi store model shows how memory divides into three different stores, sensory-, short- and long-term memory, which pass information from one to another using various methods. Baddeley and Hitch (1974) criticised the model for oversimplifying short term and long-term memory. Through the development...
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Understanding memory still has a far way to go, many theories and studies have been investigated on how memories are stored in the brain. Storing and retrieving memories is described as a process. Many models have been suggested on how the memories are organized. As background, working memory occurs within a cycle. Memories begin by being encoded, then stored then...
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Study of Employee Motivation In Chapter One of our text, we learned that employees are considered human capital, which means they are valued for what they know, their education, their experience, and their individual skills. (Luthans, Luthans, Luthans, 2015). We also learned in chapter one that the aforementioned fact was not always the case. We discussed Douglas McGregor and his...
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Apparatus Standardized instructions were read to participants prior to the experiment, ensuring the instructions were understood. In addition to word lists (see Appendix A), which were required to carry out the experiment and provide participants with stimuli. The sets of cards (reading and writing conditions) each had 80 words (8 rows of 10), letter strings or X’s printed on one...
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Abstract In a class experiment a mindfulness exercise was used to investigate the effects it would have on attention. Before the mindfulness exercise was carried out an emotional stroop test was taken by all participants and again after the mindfulness test to investigate the effects. Participants were given a mindfulness test or a relaxation test to also investigate if either...
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How does being in a group affect bystander intervention? Discuss with examples from relevant studies. Bystander impacts how people will react in a certain situation. I think it because our brain reaches maturity in a way that we should have priority first before anything else. For example, if an incident happened on a road, some people are going to the...
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This occurs whilst in the company of other people who are also not helping. In the example, the teenage girl (victim) in the event has experienced a bystander effect. The bystander effect occurs due to many reasons; which will be discussed in this essay. Altruism is a selfless form of prosocial behaviour whereby the recipient is not expected to give...
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1. Briefly describe your understanding of the terms, “paradigm,” “consciousness,” and “holism.” In your discussion of the term, “paradigm,” include a description of how paradigms are formed, maintained and changed. A paradigm is a method or belief in the way we conduct our daily lives. Paradigms are similar to guiding principles, or “rules” that govern our thoughts and beliefs. These...
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Positive reinforcement at home and school – good or bad? There are plenty of factors contributing to the education of a child. Family disputes, bullying, and learning disabilities are just some of the issues children are faced with, even from a very young age. Discipline, however, could be a major contributing factor to the behavior of a child. Furthermore, how...
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Bystander effect occurs when the presence of others hinders an individual from lending a hand in an emergency situation. According to a study conducted by social psychologists Bibb Latané and John Darley (1968), the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will take action to help a person in distress. Observers are...
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Introduction and Thesis Various type of behaviors will be performed by the secondary school student in the classroom and these behaviors can be explained by developmental theories, such as Piaget’s cognitive development theory and Erikson’s psychosocial development theory. All this behavior can cause positive and negative impact in the classroom. Majority of the students often perform a negative behavior which...
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The work of early philosophers has influenced the way society has adopted certain cultural practices, religious beliefs, and even political philosophies. Some of the influential philosophers from ancient history include Marx, Nietzsche’s and Freud. These three philosopher’s work has impacted the Asian region and Korean cultures, religion, moral thinking and values. Karl Marx was a philosopher from German, he was...
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1. Human resource development. Human resource development includes the training of an employee after he/she has been hired by providing opportunities such as employee training, employee career development, coaching, mentoring and succession planning for learning new skills, knowledge and abilities that are both beneficial to the individual and also to the organization. Types of Human Resource Development On the job...
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Scientific paradigm: Paradigms, introduced by Kuhn in “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions”, are the lenses by which science views the world. A paradigm refers to not only the set of theories but also the entire set of processes, equipment, and measurements used to conduct science (Kuhn 1962). Within a paradigm, there is consensus over the fundamental ideologies, techniques, and methods....
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