In modern times, rivers are generally regarded as a source of entertainment, fishing, or rarely, water. This was hardly the case in Ancient Egypt, where the Nile River was the key to the very existence of the greatest ancient empire of all time. The Nile River is a major northward flowing river in northeastern Africa. It empties into the Mediterranean...
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Bioluminescence is the term used to define the chemical that produces light energy within the body of an organism. For the reaction to take place organism must contain a molecule called luciferin, which then reacts with oxygen to produce light. According to scientists, there are different types of luciferin, and they vary depending on the animal hosting the reaction. Most...
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An organisational structure is a system that outlines how certain activities are directed in order to achieve the goals of an organisation. These activities can include power, roles, and responsibilities. The organisational structure also determines how information flows between levels within the company. For example, in a centralised structure, decisions flow from the top down, while in a decentralised structure,...
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Introduction Declining biodiversity across the world has compelled many countries to come up with effective conservation measures that enhance sustainable use of natural resources. The Costa Rica National Institute of Biodiversity entered into unique agreement in 1991 with a pharmaceutical company, Merck & Company, which allowed joint exploration and exploitation of biodiversity for the benefit of the pharmaceutical company and...
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Commenting on the many economic and social problems that American society now confronts, Newsweek columnist Robert J. Samuelson recently wrote: 'We face a choice between a society where people accept modest sacrifices for a common good or a more contentious society where groups selfishly protect their own benefits.' Newsweek is not the only voice calling for a recognition of and...
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Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, a change believed to be permanent. (livescience.com ). The National Geographic website explains that global warming is the result of high levels of greenhouse gases(carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane and ozone) in the earth’s atmosphere. Wikipedia asserts that global warming is the increase...
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Lord Rama is one of the most respected and reversed gods in Hinduism. He is believed to be the seventh incarnation of Lord Vishnu. Lord Rama was born during Treta Yuga out of four cyclic yugas described in religious books. Lord Rama is considered to be one of the most ideal man acquiring several names like “Maryadapurushotham –respectable and best...
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Of all the planets of the solar system, only the Earth is not only inhabited, but also inhabited by highly developed intelligent beings. However, this was not always the case. A few million years ago, dinosaurs reigned on the planet, but suddenly they all died, leaving only bones as proof of their existence. Then life on the planet was revived...
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Abstract This paper explores the relationship between the development of human languages around the world and the distinct environmental phenomena the speakers of a particular language are encountered with. By examining six journal articles and one media interview with a prominent researcher in the area of study, I have determined that there is a significant amount of evidence that supports...
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There are many verses in the bible that talk about the protection of our environment. Christians therefore have some sort of responsibility of encouraging positive change for the benefit of the future. There is a way to be environmentally conscious while still maintaining a strong faith relationship between you and God. Christian environmentalists emphasize the ecological responsibilities of all Christians...
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Introduction Photomorphogenesis is the progression of plants where the case of plant improvement responds to the scope of light. At this moment, is used as a wellspring of essentialness. Any change in the structure and function of an organism in response to changes in light intensity is known as photomorphogenesis. Close by plants, it is a common part of progression...
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Why is earth the only planet that is suitable for living? After several researches and operations that has been sent to other planets to see whether if it’s possible for us human beings to live on them, but result are still vague. Since, other planets have scarcity in the essentials that humans need. Investigators are concerned that there aren’t any...
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Plant extract refers to a product that is formed through an extraction and separation process where plants are used as raw materials. Generally the original components of the plants are not changed. In some cases, excipients are also used to make the powder or granular products have features like good fluidity and resistance to moisture absorption. There are also a...
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Viruses are the most common biological agents in the sea typically numbering 10 billion per litre. They mostly infect all organism, can undergo rapid decay and replenishment and influence many biogeochemical and ecological process including nutrient cycling, system respiration, and particle size distribution and sinking rates, bacterial and algal biodiversity and species distribution, algal bloom control, dimethyl sulphide formation and...
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Food science is defined as the study of the physical, biological and chemical of food, which most of the studies related to food processing and food deterioration while food technology is the application of it involved in packaging, preservation and food safety (Institute of Fodd Technologies, 2019). The fields that closely related to the food technology are such as biotechnology,...
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After bombardment, the somatic embryos of the papaya (Carica papaya) will be selected on medium containing 150 g mL−1 kanamycin monosulfate for 3 months. According to Drew and Smith(1986), germination of the papaya then will be induced on a modified de Fossard medium (de Fossard et al., 1974) and will be supplemented with 25 g mL−1 kanamycin. Single plantlets will...
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Plant-Based Diet Nutrition is an extremely important aspect of public health with so many diseases and disorders branching from poor diet and nutrient consumption. Diet and people’s nutritional habits can either cause or prevent almost all diseases that are plaguing the western societies but most dramatically is the United States. In most of the world people consume some sort of...
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Abstract Many different variables influence the relationship between plants and pollinators. Their mutualistic relationship drives a coevolutionary force among species. They rely heavily on each other for survival and reproduction, each exploited the others resources for their own benefit. With plants requiring insects and animals for pollen transfer and reproduction, new adaptations have arisen in response to pressures exerted on...
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Biotechnology is defined as “the exploitation of living systems and biological processes to develop tools for technological use”. It may be applied in areas such as industry, medicine, environmental sciences as well as computer design. The field of biotechnology is very broad because there is such a wealth of biological phenomena which we could harness for human benefit. However, although...
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Abstract Plant magnetobiology has become an important topic to study and manage biological effects on plants.Studies over the past several years have paved its way asa new advancementfor achieving enhanced growth and development in crop plants including horticultural plants.An emphasis has been made upon the use of this technique with different magnetic field intensity and exposure. The precisemechanism of its...
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Introduction Growing crops hydroponically is an alternative to traditional soil farming methods (7). Hydroponics systems consist of a water-based solution enriching in nutrients, without the use soil (2). Commonly an artificial medium is used to provide support for the plant as soil is not being used (2). Hydroponic systems started in 1920 and have dramatically evolved in a variety of...
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Introduction Aquatic plant ecology is the study of organisms interaction with their environment to develop a better understanding of certain spices. Duckweed (Lemna) is an effective aquatic plant in removing nutrients and it has been proven that Lemna is able to manage the nutrients for wastewater treatment (Bonomo et al., 1997). Light is an important factor in plant existence. plant...
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ABSTRACT Most fungi are saprophytic and not pathogenic to plants, animals and humans. However, a relative few fungal species are phytopathogenic, cause disease (e.g., infections, allergies) in man, and produce toxins that affect plants, animals and humans. Among such fungi are members of the Aspergillus and Fusarium genera as well as other genera (e.g., Alternaria, Mucor) comprising the emerging pathogen...
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The purpose of this C.T. is to find solutions to reduce the impact of human activity in the world and we are going to try to find positive solutions that could help change the human activity in the world. The problem that we chose to solve is to reduce the amount of meat we eat.We chose this topic because we...
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The topic of reducing your carbon footprint by adding a more plant-based diet is pertinent to the environment. Eating a plant-based diet is a diet that consists of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. Eating a vegan diet does not include any type of animal product; a vegetarian diet does not consist of animal products except for items such as milk,...
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A plant-based diet is composed of whole grains, vegetables, fruits and legumes. It is highly encouraged by the government and health organizations because it can have a positive impact on animal welfare as well as climate change. Plant-based diets are also known to have numerous nutrients and minerals which are known to do wonders physically and mentally for the human...
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ABSTRACT In the Current era, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and declining forest which are ultimately leading to a global climate changes. The huge scale of lessening of forestation for firewood, building, paper products, textile and many other applications are gradually imposing a serious negative impact on the environment. Inherently, it has limit application due to the presences of hemicellulose and lignin....
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Plant communication: the big question Plants can communicate too. They can detect other plants next to or around them and respond accordingly. They can do this by a number of ways, one way is secreting certain chemicals into the soil to affect how their neighbouring plants grow and behave, depending on how crowded they find their neighbourhood to be. As...
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Over the course of 350 million years, plants and insects have coevolved to counter each other’s defensive strategies. A variety of physical and biochemical mechanisms are used almost intuitively to help plants deter herbivorous pests. Chemical signals and compounds emitted by plants can be exploited by herbivores, predators and parasitoids to locate resources. In this review, we will look at...
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INTRODUCTION The light from the Sun and the presence of carbon dioxide is crucial in propelling the process of photosynthesis. It is these main factors that plants can grow and expand. However, the threat of climate change will dramatically alter the conditions in which flora can thrive in. Hence forth this experiment is to model and investigate the impacts of...
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