“The Great Gatsby” is a novel by Scott Fitzgerald that outlines the impossibility of recapturing the past and altering one’s future. It further emphasizes the unachievable ideology of the American Dream during the 1920s through a man named Jay Gatsby, from the viewpoint of salesman Nick Carraway. Besides this, the novel depicts a significant disparity in the representation of female figures throughout history up until contemporary society. There is the evident assumption of gender roles in the social, economic and...
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When we slot figures neatly onto the plinths of our national pantheon, the heroic status we make often require some scrubbing before they are fit to be viewed by the public. Figures of national renown are scrubbed clean of their more radical thoughts- Martin Luther King Jr’s avowed leftism for example- in order to turn them into saints with simple stories who we can praise without wrestling with complex ideological questions. As the Irish people raised W.B. Yeats to his...
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Arthur Miller was born on October 17, 1915, in Harlem, New York. The early years of Miller’s life did not go smoothly. Still, while having many problems with his grades, Miller was very athletic playing many sports including football, at which he excelled; he also ran track. Miller portrays this in one of his shorter works, Danger: Memory!. The two main characters in this play look back on their lives and regret much of what they did. They wonder if...
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William Butler Yeats is regarded as one of the most important representative symbolist of the twentieth century English literature who was mainly influenced by the French symbolist movement of 19th century. Symbolism as a conscious movement was born in France as a reaction against naturalism and the precision and exactitude of the 'naturalist' school represented by Emile Zola. The French symbolists, led by Mallarme, condemned mere 'exteriority', and laid great emphasis on the treatment of the sensations or the representation...
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Introduction to Bureaucracy in "The Trial" Written at the beginning of the 20th century “The Trial” depicts “the rise of bureaucracy, the power of law, and the atomization of the individual”, which are allegorically reflected in a story about Joseph K., a bank employee who is accused of unspecified crimes. This rather surreal and pessimistic narrative begins when two guards show up on K.’s 30th birthday and put him under arrest. Even though K. is allowed to continue living his...
4 Pages
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Thomas Hardy is one of the greatest English novelists. With his fourteen novels, he has carved for himself a niche in the glorious mansion of the English novel. He is a great poet as well as a great novelist; but the success and popularity of his novels-especially his six major novels - has overshadowed his glory as a poet. As a delineator of human beings pitted against the vast forces of Nature, he stands supreme, and his deft handling of...
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“Dover Beach” is a four stanza poem written by Matthew Arnold that starts out with a quiet scene. It begins with the speaker looking out on the moonlit water and listening to the sound of the waves. The author describes that the night air is “sweet” as he stands on the pebbled shore looking out at the “calm” sea. However, he says the sound of the waves create a sad noise. The speaker is reminded of a time he was...
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A problem play is a play in which the playwright portrays the social, political and economic problems of the society he lives in. The problem play is a development form of the ‘drama of ideas' (Drama of ideas is a type of discussion play in which the most acute problems of social and personal morality is revealed). It is tragic in tone and deals with human dilemmas along with the social evils, i.e., it is a play in which a...
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Harper Lee last spoke publicly about the book in the 1960s. She said that it is a universal theme and that it portrayed an aspect of civilization. Lee has made it clear that she wants absolutely nothing to do with the media. No matter what facts were brought up about Lee’s childhood she put her foot down when critics say the book is about her own childhood. Instead, Lee stated that the events in the book are just a representation...
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A major problem confronting readers of Kafka's short stories is to find a way through the increasingly dense thicket of interpretations. Among the many approaches one encounters is that of the autobiographical approach. This interpretation claims that Kafka's works are little more than reflections of his lifelong tension between bachelorhood and marriage or, on another level, between his skepticism and his religious nature. While it is probably true that few writers have ever been moved to exclaim, 'My writing was...
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When RIP project was assigned to class, I soon decided to write a book review, because I personally like to find interesting books and seek to realize different perspectives on a book by reading book review. Orlando: A Biography is the novel that I have read in writing 39B class this quarter, it leaves me a deep impression. Because gender has always been a topic that people generally care about, I decided to write a book review of Orlando: A...
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Religion is and has always been a prominent portion of individuals lives. The bible and other religious text guide follower’s on how to avoid the suffering of Hell. In The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri, produces a physical interpretation of Hell and the result of each sinner would receive because of their sins. Dante the main character endures the horrid, twisted, and grotesque, depths of Hell. Unlike any other allegory of Hell, Dante’s Inferno portrays a vivid view to the...
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According to Cary D. Wintz, Harlem Rennaisance was a literary movement whose practical and chronological limits are difficult to be defined. The Harlem era symbolized that black people were freed from slavery. They could fight for their way of life. They have an opportunity to get the education also because in the past, they got oppresion, slavery and many others that is considered as inhumane behavior. Claude McKay was one of American literary in Harlem era. He expressed the voice...
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The world of Shakespeare’s Troilus and Cressida does not distinguish decidedly between the Greeks and the Trojans. Though the Greek camp is a makeshift assembly of tents pitched on the shores of Troy, and the Trojan society is the courtly palace of Priam and his sons, both societies value the same ideas and objects: honor in men, and beauty and faithfulness in women, as revealed haphazardly through appearances and acts. The inadequacy of such measures of worth, their failure to...
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The Crucible is a play that was written by Arthur Miller in 1952. It is the play that preceded Death of a Salesman, his first success as a writer for which he won a Tony award and the Pulitzer Prize. The play is based on the Witch trials of Salem, Massachusetts where 20 women accused of being witches where hanged in 1692 This play by Arthur Miller was written to last, and it is part of the selective canon (texts...
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Sylvia Plath does present the frightening but liberating freedom of the natural world as preferable to the oppressive, patriarchal structures of the manmade world. The poet makes effective use of conceptual landscape and personification in her poetry, and the ‘natural world’ often seems to echo the narrative voice’s mood clearly. But at the same time , there seems to be a lack of sympathy between nature and the voices we hear. The lack of sympathy comes from inflicting harsh and...
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When I was young, I read Andersen's fairy tales. When I grew up, I read Wilde. Oscar Wilde -- the happy prince, the nightingale and the rose... As the fairy tale with the most death images, it tells you the darkness of human nature and the cruelty, lightness and romance of society. Just as Wilde once said when telling a fairy tale to his son, 'all the truly beautiful things make people sad.' Most of the traditional fairy tale to...
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Barbara Kingsolver’s (born. April 8, 1955) long fiction is best characterized as contemporary versions of the Bildungsroman with a feminist twist. The main character ventures forth to develop herself and find her place in her community. Many books by women that incorporate such a quest portray punishment for women who explore issues of sexuality or who discover meaningful work in the world. Often these Bildungsromane reiterate a main female character’s struggle with the patriarchal response to her journey, as in...
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Antony and Cleopatra’s love for one another is the prominent theme throughout the play, and although both characters profess to an incomparable “peerless” love, they encourage doubt in the audience by acting in a manner that appears to contradict this. This is demonstrated by Cleopatra’s bullying, manipulative manner and also with the ease with which Antony dismisses their relationship in front of Caesar and his marriage to Octavia. Ultimately, Shakespeare intended for the audience to question the genuineness of Antony...
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Despite the adaptation of a text to film benefiting from the opportunities and abilities bestowed to a director through the visual aspect of the medium, narrative complexity and depth of literary themes almost inevitably suffer a condensation. Ralph Fiennes’s adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Coriolanus is not immune to this trend, with temporal constraints forcing Fiennes to focus upon thematic elements of Shakespeare’s original work that he finds to be integral to his interpretation. Whereas Shakespeare’s characterization of key figures such...
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Deriving his name from a Czech Republican poet named Jan Neruda, the Chilean poet with a Spanish background, Neftali Ricardo Reyes’ life was always kaleidoscopic. His life was subjected to a multitude of colours like the Spanish Civil war, being a ‘Consul General’ in Mexico, communism and exile. From being a prolific poet to donning a prominent political persona, he mustered awards like the International Peace Prize (1950) and even the Nobel Prize in Literature (1971). Born in 1904, time...
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The themes first introduced are predominantly modern consisting of promiscuity and infidelity. The theme of feminism is first introduced towards the end of the piece when it becomes evident to the reader how much power Salome has over her male counterpart Duffy’s reference to the tale of John the Baptist shows her modernising of the tale as it is subverted to suggest that Salome has had a one night stand, thus showing the theme of promiscuity. The story reverts to...
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Tolstoy is not fully associated with existentialism, although in his work many existential themes are expressed. Tolstoy’s (1993) ‘How much land does a man need?’ looks into the existential idea of authenticity in relation to land ownership. Sartre is a major part of the existential discipline, with two important works which are ‘Existentialism and Humanism’ (2007) and ‘Being and Nothingness’ (1969). Sartre (1969) suggests the idea of bad faith, which is where an individual denies their freedom and acts in...
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In our society, people often become “invisible” due to their race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, religion, or social class. A person’s identity is shaped by others’ perceptions, without others’ perceptions of who he or she is, they will feel invisible. In other words, one must discover oneself and not seek for approval because of social expectations and gender roles. ‘Girls at War’ by Chinua Achebe, a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor and critic tells the story about the main character Reginald Nwankwo...
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People cannot control their destiny but must live through the hardships and change their perspectives/personality to survive the hysteria. Mankind must persist through the failures and as long as courage drives ambition, their voice will be heard across the world. This power of inspiration is expressed during Mccarthyism, an era where Arthur Miller faces contempt with congress but persists on writing many plays to express his voice and make an impact on the world. In one of his many striking...
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The non-fiction piece “The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano” was written by Olaudah Equiano. The memoir is about Olaudah Equiano who got kidnaped by a slave trader when he was 11 years old. When he was on the way to another country, he met a different slave trader and got terrible treatment. In this journal, it shows slavery’s horrible experience and feelings. The author’s purpose is to inform the abolition of the slave to their society by...
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Austen’s quote from Persuasion overtly and skilfully encompasses and defends the idea of how women are capable of self-correcting themselves, being perfectly flawed yet finding the strength in learning from their mistakes, achieving personal growth. In her novels she does not make the central heroine to be perfect, rather highlights their flaws and how they overcome it leading to personal growth. She alluds to how the heroines are capable of realising their mistake and correcting it and making decisions for...
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‘A Poison Tree’, written by William Blake and published in 1794, uses rhyming couplet form, symbolism and metaphors, and tone to convey message. The message of the poem is that humans ‘water’ their anger and let it grow, whereas the poem tries to teach us that this is unideal. The poem ‘The Poison Tree’ is a rhyming couplet. This is used as rhyming couplet is a very basic style following AABB. This contrasts the complex human emotions that are portrayed...
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The racial inequality gaps have been on the rise in the United States. There is income inequality in the country as white people receive higher incomes compared to black people. According to statista.com white households make about $76,057 per household and black families make about $45,438. This means that education in America does not provide the same economic return for the people of color as it might for other groups. People of color are also more vulnerable to unemployment when...
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As inequalities rose, Benjamin Banneker, the son of former slaves, made an attempt to make a change for African Americans in 1791 as he wrote a letter to Thomas Jefferson, framer of the Declaration of Independence. In his letter, Banneker relies on repetition and pathos in order to tell Jefferson to end slavery and the inequalities. In his letter, Banneker utilizes repetition to emphasize what he wants his audience to know when arguing against slavery. As he argues in his...
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