Introduction “Syllabus” is defined by Richards (2001, p.2), cited in Raine, (2010), as a specification of the content of a course of instruction which lists what will be taught and tested”. There are several distinct types of syllabus namely structural, notional/functional, lexical, content based, skill based, and situational. This assignment paper emphasises on the notional functional syllabus. First the paper discusses the brief definitions of notional functional syllabus; and it continues to explain the background or history that the syllabus...
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Stakeholder is any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organisation's objectives. (Friedman and Miles, 2006) Stakeholders have special interest in an organisation and as a result they influence the organisation directly or indirectly. There are two main types of stakeholders, which are internal stakeholders (employees, owners and managers) and external stakeholders (customers, suppliers, government and local community). For the purpose of this assignment, I want to talk about a water utility company....
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Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected in a way that one cannot take place if the other is not performed. They need each other's existence, basically. It's like they are made to be soulmates; they co-exist. Light + 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2. Photosynthesis, with the help of light, 6CO2 (6 carbon dioxide molecules), and 6H2O (6 water molecules), produces C6H12O6 (glucose) and 6O2 (6 oxygen molecules). C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP. On the...
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Teaching English as a Foreign Language is rapidly growing as a conventional career. TEFL certification has turned into a trend, now we have been additionally a part of this new quantity of teachers using our language abilities. But, teaching the English language is not only knowing the language. Then exactly how would you teach someone who will not comprehend you? Just how ready are you to teach the students? You have to do a course in Teaching English as a...
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Teaching is a satisfying and at the same time, a challenging job. Teachers have significant control in the classroom environment. There is no doubt as a teacher your techniques for teaching the English language make a tremendous difference to spice up the classroom, making it enjoyable whether you are teaching adults or young students. To teach the English language, the initial difficulty you will face could be the language barrier. You are teaching a student whose native language is not...
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In a study by Shore, Ray, and Gooklasian (2012), they compared traditional vocabulary learning techniques with two strategies that are more constructive and interactive, drawing pictures and talking about the definitions of the terms and the impact on reading comprehension. “Because understanding terms and definitions is a first step in learning science, we hypothesize that the inability to grasp content vocabulary could create a barrier to further understanding of science concepts.” (Shore, R., Ray, J., & Gooklasian, P. 2015). The...
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Introduction Business Bargains (BB) is a distributor and merchant of electronic and other office items situated in the South East of England. The corporation has three distribution centres, situated in Luton, Watford and Romford. They specialise in buying items in bulk from organisation which have gone bankrupt and after that sell these things by means of auction at their warehouses. Auctions are conducted on weekly basis at all the warehouses. All products for auction are displayed for potential buyers, so...
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Abstract Being grateful or ruminating on one’s depressive symptoms can have dramatic impacts on mood. Past research gives evidence that rumination leads to more negative affect in depressed people and gratitude leads to more positive affect regardless of baseline depression levels. Participants (N = 198) were randomly assigned to a neutral rumination (n = 99) or positive gratitude condition (n = 99) and the effects on positive and negative mood were examined. I hypothesized that people high in depression would...
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“If you only read the books that everyone else is reading, you can only think what everyone else is thinking.” ― Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood. 'Television is the menace that everyone loves to hate but can't seem to live without. ' -Paddy Chayefsky. Stress, anxiety, and sadness have revolved humans for millennia and is still in effect today. Methods to relax the victims of stress have controversial topics, the tension rose because of the mighty of all-purpose, book, is challenged...
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The NCO’s (Noncommissioned officers) have a long history and it all started with the Revolutionary War in 1775 and still carries out the tradition today. We will take a look through different periods in history of the Engineer NCO and the roles and task they performed as a whole. You will see how the NCO’s are known as “The backbone of the Army” and live by the NCO creed. NCO’s are trained professionals and experts in their MOS (Military Occupational...
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Repression affects the decisions we make in many aspects of life. For instance, a memory that is so revolting it can be retrieved in the subconscious and maybe after a few years later the memory may appear again into the consciousness. Furthermore, many legal scholars test the validity of repressed memories for evidence. They gained support for repressed memory theory, different factors offer examples of horrific experiences of little children whose minds cannot handle severe trauma and who, in turn,...
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ABSTRACT Constructivism is both a theory of construction of knowledge and learning philosophy. Its proponents include Piaget, Vygotsky and Glaserfeld. The constructivist approach is new trend in teaching of mathematics by many enthusiastic pedagogues and teachers in many countries. Constructivist pedagogy does not consist of a single teaching strategy. Instead, it has several features that should be attended to simultaneously in a classroom. It has been asserted that for a successful constructivist strategy the teaching has not only to be...
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Abstract Malaria is a very important parasitic illness of humans caused by infection with a parasite of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted by feminine genus Anopheles. Infection caused by P. falciparum is that the most serious of all the opposite species particularly in terms of morbidity and mortality thus the rationale why most of the analysis has been focused on this species. The illness affects up to concerning forty per cent of the world's population with around 300-500 million folks...
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The key goals in performing this study in-lab was to determine how PCR can be used to amplify desirable segments of DNA, examine how agarose gel electrophoresis can separate DNA fragments via size, and analyze DNA fragments on agarose gels to determine our PTC diplotypes. The collection of this data was done by gathering a sample of cheek cell DNA, then combining said cells with an InstaGene™ matrix (BioRad Laboratories) to isolate the cheek cell DNA (Lintott 4). It was...
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KOSHER Kosher food is blessed by Jews before consuming and certain types of food can be Kosher without a rabbi or priest giving permission. Kosher food is within the laws of Shabbat and an observant Jew is one who abides these laws. There are 3 simple elements of Keeping Kosher, according to Jewish Law. These include; “Not eating any non-kosher animals, avoid eating meat and dairy together and only eating meat that was slaughtered in a certain way, and drained...
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Abstract Many different variables influence the relationship between plants and pollinators. Their mutualistic relationship drives a coevolutionary force among species. They rely heavily on each other for survival and reproduction, each exploited the others resources for their own benefit. With plants requiring insects and animals for pollen transfer and reproduction, new adaptations have arisen in response to pressures exerted on them by pollinators and external forces. Plants have modified their floral and fruit signaling to promote plant reproduction, and have...
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Random act of kindness After undergoing research relating to the different ways in which I could carry out a random act of kindness , I decided that personally , for me , completing the gratitude letter would prove itself more fulfilling . The way in which results are presented when a random act of kindness is completed differ for each person . The levels of happiness we feel can change over time once completing the random act of kindness or...
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Abstract Plant magnetobiology has become an important topic to study and manage biological effects on plants.Studies over the past several years have paved its way asa new advancementfor achieving enhanced growth and development in crop plants including horticultural plants.An emphasis has been made upon the use of this technique with different magnetic field intensity and exposure. The precisemechanism of its action is not known, but biological and chemical cues are being studied as possible mechanisms. This article presents an overview...
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Introduction Growing crops hydroponically is an alternative to traditional soil farming methods (7). Hydroponics systems consist of a water-based solution enriching in nutrients, without the use soil (2). Commonly an artificial medium is used to provide support for the plant as soil is not being used (2). Hydroponic systems started in 1920 and have dramatically evolved in a variety of designs (2). Interest in hydroponics is rapidly increasing and is very important due to the growing demand need for maximizing...
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Introduction Code-switching is one of the controversial topics in English Language Teaching (ELT) practice. It has been studied from different perspectives and has received much critical attention from researchers worldwide. This paper aims at providing critical reflections on two selected articles from the course core readings. The first article is Learner code-switching versus English only by Andrew Sampson (2012) and the second one is Metrolingualism: fixity, fluidity, and language in flux by Emi Otsuji and Alastair Pennycook (2010). This paper...
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At one point in our lives, everyone has experienced absolute certainty in what they wanted for their career and the next moment, feeling completely unsure of what they wanted to do for the rest of their life. This can cause anxiety and unneeded stress on both the body and mind. And so, I’ve some gathered information about a psychology teacher and an ecologist along with comparing the two from almost all aspects of the job, such as their salary, benefits,...
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Every country in the world is home to a wide range of thousands of different animals. Some of these animals are unique to their location, such as the wild wildebeest of the African Sahara, the Brown Bear of North America or the Capybara of coastal Brazil; others are domesticated and commonly seen throughout the world like a housecat or a dog. Wild or tame, just about every animal makes a distinct sound, whether it is for attracting a mate, establishing...
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Language acquisition is a phenomenon that people are still looking into today, and opinions differ regarding its innateness; some think it’s learned (nurture), others believe it’s acquired (nature). Jackendorff (1994) develops arguments supporting the latter: the argument for mental grammar and the argument for innate knowledge, both of which make a pretty strong case. However, no theory goes by unquestioned, and many have argued against the innateness of language. In this paper, I will be discussing the points made, indicating...
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The DNA of every individual is unique. Even identical twins have variations in their DNA that makes it unique. DNA can not only be used to identify a person but can also reveal medical issues and project potential health problems that may arise in the future (“DNA test company 23andMe now fueling medical research”, 2018). Law enforcement has been using DNA to help identify criminals for many years and has created a very large DNA database (Dedrickson, 2018). The military...
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We often associate the word ‘history’ and ‘fact’ as synonymous and interchangeable. We don’t take into consideration what goes on while recounting or retelling stories or events from the past. Memories are constructed and reconstructed with every re-telling of the event, and with every repetition, the recollection is slightly altered and changed. The question that this paper aims to answer is whether memories and personal testimonies paint an accurate picture of what truly went down in the past, or do...
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Abstract Biotechnology of Extremophiles such as Thermus Aquaticus and Deinoccous radiodurans have a plethora of ways to improve human life. This paper reviews the use of said extremophilic enzymes, bacteria and some methodology of the current biotechnology that can take advantage of the extremophiles. Introduction Biotechnology is involved with our everyday lives, ranging from crops production, PCR and more. There’s a huge economic incentive to invest in researching extremophiles to be used in said applications. The paper looks at components...
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ABSTRACT In India changing societal attitudes, inflation and rising educational levels made more women than ever before to drive into the paid workforce. The Indian women, who were confined only to the socially acceptable jobs like banks, teaching, nursing etc., are now stepping into various sectors. Irrespective of education, income and employment, professional women in India are still doing three jobs - office, housework and child care. Professional women hardly find space for themselves to accomplish basic necessity of life...
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Nowadays, sure humans reads books or watch movies in their free time to relived stress, for diversion purposes. Books and movies have a few simililarities and contrasts. Certain human beings contend that books are an awful lot better than movies or vise versa. In this article, I will wholly talk about the similarities and differences between films and books. Imagination is essential when we discuss about movies and books. Reading books permits us to envision the circumstance, condition, characters and...
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Introduction to Conservative Judaism Conservative Judaism is one of the oldest religions in the world that has survived some structural and religious changes over thousands of years. Judaism is an ancient Jewish religion that is predominantly practised in Northern America popularly known as Marti Judaism. Conservative Judaism is based on the basic principles of the Mosaic Law strict observance of the scriptural teachings based on the old testament of the bible. This paper seeks to outline the religious practices of...
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Abstract This criminal justice research paper is an analysis of the family dynamics affecting juvenile delinquency. This paper will analyze the most pressing problems facing teenagers today. It will show the correlation of traditional opposite sex parents and non-traditional same-sex parents and what role or influence it has on or in the lives of adolescents. The difference between child abuse and child discipline will be examined and how it affects juvenile delinquency. A Biblical worldview will be encompassed into and...
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