Introduction In 1981 the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was firstly identified as a new disease caused by a retrovirus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). It was the cause factor of the most devastating disease that emerged in the last 35 years. HIV-1 also spreads by percutaneous and perinatal routes, or exposure at mucosal surfaces, but primarily via sexual...
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The health issues are known to take place when metabolism of body is altered or is subjected to failure due to the pathogen or pollutant that are considered as the disease. On the other hand, the epidemic disease is referred to as wide spread of the disease that occurs in other regions than that of the expected area at the...
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Introduction Life in terms of biology definition refers to time between a person's births till his or her death. It is the one and only thing that breathes essence of various activities which separates us from inanimate objects. As opined by Heywood and Mullock (2016), there is no definite answer to value of life. Each individual reflects and leads his...
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Abstract The purpose of this research proposal is to highlight the correlation between the experience of sexual abuse and the development of emerging borderline personality disorder as a result. The sample is made up of 35 youth offenders in the main 6 medium-secure forensic units in England and Wales and were asked to take part in a questionnaire to collect...
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ABSTRACT The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, low carbohydrate, and restricted protein diet that was framed in the 1920’s as an alternative therapy for refractory epilepsy. Refractory epilepsy poses high risk of morbidity and mortality for pediatric population. It is a desirable treatment modality for refractory epilepsy in children. The ketogenic diet can be used by people of...
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Introduction Sport throughout the years has changed dramatically with athletes now bigger faster and stronger than ever. Not only that but sport overall is much more competitive with every second, inch and play heavily changing the outcome of competition. In this battle for an edge in competition some resort to the use of drugs in order to increase physical performance...
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Are you a victim of a personal injury? If yes, you would certainly need to gather as much information you could in order to be well aware of it. In case you are a subject to personal injury, you certainly might be experiencing some serious commotions both in your professional and personal life. If you are engaged in a road...
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Injuries of any sorts are a painful ordeal. In the event that you or somebody near you has gotten injuries in view of the blame of others you will normally be upset and irritated. On the off chance that the injury is the immediate consequence of an incident that you had met in light of somebody's carelessness you will normally...
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A gene is a nucleotide sequence which dictates the synthesis of a particular RNA or protein molecule. Their control over the produced proteins govern both phenotypical and genetic traits, including susceptibility to diseases like Cystic Fibrosis. Driving gene expression is Central Dogma, a two-step process in which DNA is converted to an intermediate RNA (mRNA) through transcription, then from mRNA...
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) damages cells of the immune system in particular CD4 cells or T cells leading to reduced numbers. This, therefore, lowers the ability to fight off infections and diseases. Over time the immune system becomes weaker and weaker until the final stage of HIV is reached, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The severity of AIDS makes suffers...
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Under the current law, the treatment of mercy killing at the point of conviction and at the point of sentencing are considerably different and must be examined separately. Mercy killing at the point of conviction In convicting a defendant, there is no direct leniency given to those who have acted in the course of a mercy killing. R v Inglis...
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INTRODUCTTION Cellular respiration is the food molecules or organic molecules are broken down to harvest chemical energy which is them stored in the chemical bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and all organism need energy to survive and continue their live .There are also occurs in three stages which are glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport. Glycolysis is breakdown of 1...
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Hospital pharmacist job is mainly is mainly concerned with deciding which medication work for each patient. This also involves other members of the medical teams like the doctors, nurses and health care professionals. Hospital pharmacists also detect the effect of the medicines they prescribe to their patients. They follow their patients’ health under the effect of the drug prescribed. Another...
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The Role of the Kidney in Drug Elimination Recent advances in the identification and characterization of renal drug transporters and drug‐metabolizing enzymes has led to greater understanding of their roles in drug and chemical elimination and in modulation of the intrarenal exposure and response to drugs, nephrotoxic compounds, and physiological mediators. Furthermore, there is increasing awareness of the potential importance...
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INTRODUCTION Influenza continues to be a major public health concern.The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in a typical year, 10 to 20 percent of the world's population is infected with influenza, resulting in 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 severe illnesses and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths (World Health Organization, 1999). In the United States, there are tens of thousands of deaths each...
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INTRODUCTION Influenza viruses are a virus that infects the respiratory tract of mammals and usually can cause fever, muscle pain, severe headache, sore throat, fatigue, coughing, and weakness. It is the Orthomyxoviridae family of enveloped viruses and a significant cause of respiratory infections worldwide (Bahadoran et al., 2016). It can be transmitted through the air by coughing or sneezing and...
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Coronaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses, about 120 nanometers in diameter. They are susceptible to mutation and recombination and are therefore highly diverse. There are about 40 different varieties and they mainly infect human and non-human mammals and birds. They reside in bats and wild birds, and can spread to other animals and hence to humans. The virus that causes COVID-19...
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The standards of vaccination studies and practices have extensively changed throughout the course of the last century, as advancement in medical technology has propelled our research and medicine. Before the 1900s, diseases were much more deadly. For instance, tuberculosis, as anyone exposed, would be diagnosed with a terminal illness and would be expected to die. In the 1900s, this all...
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ABSTARCT Viruses are so tiny; about 20 to 400 nanometers in diameter, billions can fit on the head of a pin. Every 100 years there is a new virus that hit the world, at the end of 2019, an epidemic of cases with unexplained low respiratory infections caused by virus detected in Wuhan, the largest metropolitan area in China, last...
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Introduction COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic involving the vast spread of a type of viruses called the Corona virus. These viruses are positive-stranded RNA viruses having a crown-like appearance when viewed an electron microscope. It belongs to the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae of the Coronaviridae family (order Nidovirales) and is divided into four genera of CoVs: Alphacoronavirus (alphaCoV), Betacoronavirus (betaCoV), Deltacoronavirus (deltaCoV),...
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My friends are already asking me why people around the world are afraid of the vaccine for COVID-19 that is being developed. Many people know that vaccines are good stuff because they have protected billions of humans against diseases. They just cannot understand why the same is dreaded around the world to the extent that there has been a push...
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ABSTRACT The seminar titled “ANDROID APP FOR BLOOD BANK” acts as an important role in saving life of human beings , which is its main aim. This project is developed, so that users of the app can view the information about registered blood donors such as name, address, and other such personal information along with their details of blood group...
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What Is Corona Viruse (COVID-19) Corona viruses are a wide group of viruses that in animals and humans may cause disease. Corona viruses are known to cause respiratory infections in humans ranging from mild colds to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Since being first identified in southern China in 2002,...
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ABSTRACT Background: The World Health Organization (WHO), states categorically that Hepatitis B infection is the world's most prevalent liver infection. Nearly forty five percent of the global population lives endemic regions. [1] Objective: To analyze the information , attitude, and practices of dental pupils regarding the Hepatitis B Virus infection at Taif university dental college institution of the Kingdom of...
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As noted previously, no simple explanation exists to define the cause and effect of illicit drugs and violence. For many centuries throughout time, certain drugs, even when prohibited or illegal, did not lead to significant violence. Only over the last half-century has there been a marked increase in violence connected to illegal drugs. Goin (2012), Reuter (2009) and Thoumi (2009)...
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Abstract Patients of rheumatoid arthritis, who were already diagnosed as per 2010 ACR / EULAR ( American college of Rheumatology / European League Against Rheumatism ) classification criteria were included in the study. Red cell band width was determined in all the patients from laboratory of own hospital. Severity of rheumatoid arthritis was determined on the basis of Disease Activity...
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Abstract A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in aspecific molecular configuration (Britannica). Steroids have many downsides such as kidney failure, liver cancer, and heart attacks. In addition, they have a huge impact on an individual’s memory. Usually, athletes use steroids to recover quickly and workout harder without being tired. The aim is to inform...
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Nurses are skilled and trained professionals who take care of people when they are sick. Nurses are entrusted with the duty of performing treatment and procedures as prescribed by the physician. A nurse advocate is a nurse who works with a patient by helping them make informed decisions about their health, translating medical terms to them when they are in...
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GULP gulps, gulp GULP! What is consumed can make a person change. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr.Hyde was written by Robert Louis Stevenson 133 years ago. My topics are drug substance, effects on relationships, and good vs evil. Drug abuse can change you which can lead to good vs evil. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and...
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Abstract In the Bible, God made sexuality the core of human experience. He created Adam and Eve to not only be a help mate to one another, but to also “fill the earth and subdue it.” The two main purposes of sex were for procreation and marriage. There are various passages throughout the Bible that, in general, state they run...
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