Abstract India is an agricultural country and most of the people, wherein about 70% depends on agriculture. So, disease detection in plants is very important. Tomato is one of the strongly grown and widely used crops. There are many types of tomato diseases and pests, in which the pathology of which is complex. Crop diseases are a major threat to...
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Gene regulation is the way genes are expressed, and it starts with the central dogma. Gene regulation starts with the DNA which makes mRNA which then makes proteins. Prokaryotes, which are bacteria (for example E. coli), eat whatever we eat; therefore, if we drink milk, the bacteria will break down the lactose using gene regulation (Anderson, 2011). Bacterial genes are...
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Emergence of Covid-19 Epidemiology Coronaviruses first broke out on 12th December 2019 in China, more accurately in Wuhan. At that time, COVID-19 was considered as epidemic with mysterious acute infection of the respiratory track of human beings. Studies have revealed that the possible emergence of the epidemic disease was from a sea food market located in Wuhan. Following 12th December...
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ABSTRACT Most microorganisms on Earth live in various aggregates which are generally termed “Bio films”. They present and represent the most successful form of life. They are the active agents in bio filtration and carriers of the self-cleaning potential in soils, sediments and water. They are also common in surfaces in technical systems where they sometimes cause bio fouling. In...
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Abstract This paper presents the design of Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic (GTEM) cell with a dimension of 2.1m x 1.2m x 0.81m over a frequency range from DC up to 1 GHz using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio. Different design parameters such as tapering length of central conductor (septum), transition in the apex, septum height...
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Background and Introduction I teach at a 2-year HBCU Private Community College in Arkansas. I have been teaching at the college for five years. Different ethnic backgrounds generally enroll in college. About 250 students are enrolled on campus this semester. The college typically has a small percentage of Hispanic students each semester. Some of the Hispanic students graduate from college...
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Abstract With increase in population the need for food is on rise, in such circumstances, plant diseases prove to be a major threat to agricultural produce and result in disastrous consequences for farmers. Early detection of plant disease can help in ensuring food security and controlling financial losses. The images of diseased plants can be used to identify the diseases....
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Introduction to the Debate on Mars Colonization Solar, wind, hydraulic energy are all ways we can get natural resources. However, NASA and several other organizations want to move everybody to a new planet? Since the beginning of history, we have been solving problems. One problem is whether or not humans should colonize Mars. With many factors that go into exploring...
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Abstract Each active life has complex molecules in their cells called DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) which are responsible for all biological features. These DNA molecules are further reduced into grander structures called chromosomes, which together compose the being’s genome. Genes are size altering DNA sequences which comprise code that are frequently used to produce proteins. There has been a struggle to...
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ABSTRACT DNA Fingerprint is a real technique that is used in labs. DNA fingerprint was discover in 20th Century. This survey quickly thirty years of progress in measurable. DNA sample that accrued in crime scene like stains of blood, semen, saliva or hair born material as well. In DNA Fingerprint many applications are used for many different purpose which contain...
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Gene editing can be defined as a process whereby biotechnological techniques are used to alter certain parts of a genome to obtain favorable characteristics that can be passed down to successive generations (Webster, 2020). There are many ethical issues around the modification of the genome which raises a question on whether we should edit the human genes or not. Considering...
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Genes, the very fabric which makes us who we are. What is Gene editing? This technology enables scientists to change or modify the DNA sequences in living organisms. Scientist may have gone to another but questionable level. Should we play as a Supreme Being by choosing our desirable characteristics and even so does this make it right? In this essay...
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Gene editing sometimes known as genome editing is a scientific process of deliberately altering slightly changed to the DNA of a cell or an organism. It uses advanced technological tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 which is said to make people’s lives better but not entirely ensuring a better future for the next generations yet to come. Germline genome editing which is...
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Introduction Articular cartilage is the highly specialized connective tissue of diartrodial joints. It’s principal function is to provide a smooth, lubricated surface for articulation and to facilitate the transmission of loads with a low frictional coefficient. Articular cartilage is hyaline cartilage and is 2- 4 mm thick. Unlike most tissues articular cartilage doesn’t have blood vessels, nerve or lymphatics. It...
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ABSTRACT Nanobiotechnology is the study of the smallest biological items of nano scale 1-100 nm to create devices and systems of the equivalent range that employ for new purposes. There are many applications of nanobiotechnology such as it is used in food packaging, drug delivery, diagnosis, etc. I have discussed the applications of nanobiotechnology in food safety. Nanobiotechnology plays a...
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Not too long ago the idea of genetic enhancement of babies was something of science fiction. However, we have come to realize that this medical procedure is no longer fiction and is very close to becoming a reality. As experts begin to acknowledge this as an alternative, whether for medical or superficial reasons, they are considering the safety concerns involved...
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Tandem – repetitive minisatellite DNA portion of human can be used to produce someone’s specific Dna fingerprint. Studies shows the reliability of the analysis. Dna is the genetic fabric which is present in all the cells of the body. This molecule present a few characteristics, as VNTR, special present in different people. This can be a key in the improvement...
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A few years back, the products labelled “probiotic” have become popular due to their ability in stimulating the growth of beneficial flora in the gut. Such products are Yakult, Vitagen and probiotics supplement pill. Then, I realize that bacteria in probiotic products are from a group known as Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). LAB can be found in food and feed...
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Abstract In current era of ubiquitous smart devices, detecting malware is becoming an endless battel between ever evolving malware and anti-virus program which leads to increase in day-by-day processing of security related data. For detecting those malware various approaches has been developed over time. One of the approach among them is Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence analysis. This includes comparision of...
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The development in the field of stem cell technology is quickly accelerating. It’s a field that incorporates the work of geneticists, cell biologists, and clinicians and provides the possible promise of treatment that actually works for a variety of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Stem cell technologies can benefit many patients and expand scientific knowledge on “untreatable” conditions. The power of...
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Genetic engineering gives us an option to change the genetics of any animal and microorganisms to a way that may benefit us or simply to our own selfish reasons. As many of you may know, all of the medicine that we see, over the counter and prescribed medicine from your doctor are all products from genetic engineering. Without the basics...
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What are the various ways we use microbes in our daily lives and how we use them to our advantage? Well for starters in the food industry specifically in food production nature uses microorganisms to carry out fermentation processes, and for thousand of years mankind has used yeasts, molds and bacteria to make food products such as bread, beer, wine,...
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ABSTRACT Sign language is the way of communication for hearing impaired people. There is a challenge for common people to communicate with deaf people which makes this system helpful in assisting them. This project aims at implementing computer vision which can take the sign from the users and convert them into text in real time. The proposed system contains four...
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Introduction As most people know, DNA is the heredity material in humans. What some people may not know is that DNA is the heredity material in all living organisms. DNA is mostly found in the nucleus of the cell, which is enclosed with a nuclear membrane. Contained within the membrane is the majority of the cell’s genetic material. The main...
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The phrase ‘The pen is mightier than the sword’ is a common epithet that extolls the power of words. It is correct that it does; language is one of the most powerful tools a person can wield. Language is as capable of carrying a person to greatness as it is capable of crucifying them. But is it always for the...
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Abstract The idea that genes can be patented has been a constant, controversial issue from the very beginning. Today, patents are granted for DNA sequences that have been obtained from genes that have been removed from the human body and purified. This then becomes something that has been man-made and not a product of nature, therefore making it patentable. Biochemical...
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Cell Reproduction Cell reproduction is an important of human physiology. In this case, an expectant woman is presenting with a cut that is slow to heal. In human beings, there are two distinct types of cell reproduction processes responsible for cell division, meiosis and mitosis. Mitosis is a continuous process that goes in in somatic cells responsible for tissue growth,...
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Animal biotechnology has developed quickly over the past 2 decades. Animal biotechnology is a part of biotechnology in which molecular biology is utilized genetically engineer animals so as to improve their suitability for pharmaceutical, farming or industrial applications. Animal biotechnology has been utilized to deliver genetically modified animals that combine helpful proteins, have improved development rates or are resistance to...
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Obesity rates in America are skyrocketing, which is causing Americans to obtain diseases. The over consumption of added salt, sugar, and lack of exercise are the main causes to the obesity crisis. According to Marcia Clemmitt, a veteran social-policy reporter who served as editor in chief of Medicine and Health, 'some analysts say the key culprit to the nations sky...
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Microbiome Research The term “microbiome” is defined as the collection of the microbial taxa or microbes and their genes. Thus, it gives an idea of all the organisms and genomes that composes a sample (Xia, Sun, & Chen, 2018). In 2005, with advances in DNA-sequencing technologies such as 454 Pyrosequencing and Illumina sequencing, researchers started to analyze DNA extracted directly...
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