Issue of AIDS Since 1981, there have been 940 thousand people whom have died from AIDS-related diseases globally and 36.9 million people whom are still living with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 5,000 new people are being infected daily as of 2017.There is an estimate that 45,000 people live with HIV or AIDS in Illinois and of that number, approximately 23,835 live in Chicago. While there are certain neighborhoods with higher numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS, the disease affects the whole...
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Nutrition is defined as a substance working in the body. A living life form is the result of nourishment. The individual requires in excess of 48 distinct supplements for its prosperity. Supplements are substance parts gotten from nourishment, which help support body capacities, body development, and protection of the organs of the body Malnutrition signifies impedance of wellbeing emerging either from inadequacy or overabundance or irregularity of supplements in the body. It is a natural issue (Gopalan, C., 2002). It...
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Tuberculosis The respiratory system is a system of organs that are responsible for gas exchange, such as transporting oxygen in and carbon dioxide out of our bodies. Parts of the respiratory system include nose and nasal cavity, sinuses, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, diaphragm, lungs, bronchial tubes, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and capillaries. The respiratory system can be divided into 2 tracts, upper tract and lower tract. The upper tract comes in direct contact with the external environment and includes the nose,...
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In the current situation, youth heftiness is one most basic issues. Youth heftiness in developed just as developing nations has reached top levels. Overweight and weight is a genuine condition wherein overabundance of muscle versus fat gravely influences the wellbeing and prosperity of children and youthful grown-ups. Corpulence can be caused to anybody for various reasons and can be appeared in changed manners. According to WHO, youth heftiness is a clinical bedlam that influencing children and youngsters. If a youngster...
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There are many types of vectors that transmit disease between two hosts, generally can be divided into biological and mechanical transmission, however, Mosquito is the most common one that responsible of transmission of many deadliest diseases such as: Malaria, Dengue fever, Chikungunya and Zika. There are 3,500 types of mosquitoes, but research has confirmed that female mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of diseases because they feed on human blood, unlike the male who feeds on the nectar of flowers....
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or otherwise known as HIV, is an autoimmune disease, causing harm to those infected by attacking the immune system (NHS, 2020). This attack on the immune system leads to symptoms including tiredness and reduced ability to fight off other illnesses (NHS, 2020). Once an individual has suffered from HIV for around 8 to 10 years, whilst receiving no treatment, the virus turns into Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, which is also referred to as AIDS (Mayo Clinic, 2020)....
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The use of drug nanocarriers in pharmacoresistant epilepsy is potentially a very useful tool that can be applied to overcome the drug delivery problem. Developing this technology requires a multidisciplinary approach involving the collaborative work of nanotechnology and pharmacology specialists. However, development of these models requires prolonged experimental periods and low (20 percent or less) percentage of pharmacoresistant subjects obtained (127). Repeated administration of 3-mercaptopropionic acid or pentylentetrazol (47, 128) is a short-term alternative for obtaining animals with overexpression of...
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Introduction When Paula had her son, Keaton, they didn’t know that there was a little something special about him. When Keaton was born, he looked a bit different from the normal baby, but Paula’s family physician dismissed her family’s concerns and insisted that he was a healthy, normal child. When Keaton was seven months old, Paula decided to submit him to a blood test to curb her concerns. As it turns out, Paula’s suspicions were right- Keaton had Down Syndrome....
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INTRODUCTION High blood pressure is one of the most common old age health issues and is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. People over the age of 65 suffer mostly from isolated systolic hypertension with increased pulse pressure, resulting from loss of arterial elasticity. There are two types essential hypertension and secondary hypertension. There are a number of pathophysiological mechanisms of a permanent increase in BP in old age, similarly to younger age. In old age. Hypertension...
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Obesity is normally caused by eating too much food and not working it off. If you digest a lot of fats and sugars but don’t work it off by exercise and physical activity, the energy will be kept in your body as body fat and that is how you put on weight. The lifestyles people live by causes the population to be classified as obese. It is recorded that over 20% of Australia’s population is obese. Technology is a major...
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The rate of people who has type 2 diabetes all over the globe is increasing rapidly. As discussed by Wallerstein (2017), an imbalance of the sugar level in the body is the leading cause of diabetes. In the case of type 2 diabetes, the human body cannot respond to insulin, which is referred to as insulin resistance. High blood sugar is one of the major causes of severe health-related issues such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease. The...
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Introduction According to World Health Organization (WHO), Covid-19 which is also known as Coronavirus disease 2019 is an infectious disease which is caused by a novel coronavirus, named “SARS-CoV-2”. This disease was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and has spread globally resulting in the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. According to the latest date, up to 3 May 2020, there were 3356205 confirmed cases and 238730 confirmed deaths reported and there were 215 countries, areas or territories affected by...
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The word epilepsy derived from Greek Word ‘Epilepsia’ which means ‘Seizure’. Epilepsy is a group of syndromes characterized by unprovoked, recurring seizure/convulsions, over time. Epilepsy is a 2 or more unprovoked seizures and convulsions in more than 24 hours apart. The brain is the center that controls and regulates all voluntary and involuntary responses in the body. It consists of nerve cells that normally communicate with each other through electrical activity. A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in...
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Diabetes is a chronic condition/disease that people can get that will change their lives forever in good and bad ways. Diabetes affects the body by the pancreas either producing the hormone insulin too much (type 2) or by it failing and requiring manual injections of it or the insulin pump to be set to do certain things and does certain amounts of insulin (type 1). Over time the treatment of diabetes has changed, specifically type 1 diabetes, starting from insulin...
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Cerebral Palsy (CP) is defined as “a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by movement and posture disorders causing activity limitations” (Gagliardi et al., 2018). The overall research was conducted in the Italian scientific institution called “IRCCS Eugenio Medea”. The main researcher on this study is Chiara Gagliardi, specifically working within the neurorehabilitation unit has performed numerous researches in order to improve a range of conditions linked with neuro disorders using advanced technology. Some of her previous work includes “A Different Brain: Anomalies...
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Asthma is a global non-communicable disease which has a huge public health implication for both adults and children. It is characterized by mortality and morbidity Research indicate that prevalence in asthma is higher in children compared to adults. Middle income countries are the most affected due to environmental factors (Dharmage, Perret & Custovic, 2019). It is a chronic disease that affects airways, these are the tubes which transport air in as well as out of the lungs. The interferes with...
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Stress affects millions of people around the world on a daily basis. Stress can either be caused by a good or bad experience, this can either negatively or positively affect the individual. Stress can be caused due to many different forms including post-traumatic stress, anxiety disorder, depression, physical, social and emotional stresses. This can occur because of situations such as sport, school, or work. This type of stress occurs due to pressures from coaches, parents, partners, family, or friends to...
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Hypertension is one of leading illnesses in America: one out of every three Americans has this traitor disease. If you have blood pressure which is higher than normal, stroke and heart attack is only an inch closer, and you may never know when it hits you. There are hardly any high blood pressure symptoms to look out for, that’s why it helps to always be at check for your blood pressure regularly. If you have parents, relatives or family members...
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Influenza virus is one of the few viruses with capability and history of creating pandemics, having resultant deaths, hospitalizations and interruption of economic and societal activities. They have, hence, been a research interest overtime as to control measures to prevent and manage such outbreaks. STRUCTURE AND PATHOGENESIS OF INFLUENZA Influenza virus belongs to the orthomyxovirus family as it has segmented RNA genomes with 8 pieces. Its helical capsid is contained within an envelope, on which are 2 glycoproteins responsible for...
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Obesity is one of the frequent and serious disorders in the world. There have to be cases of obesity no count number in city or rural area, as it is a tremendous and escalating concern. It does now not simply show up in adults as adolescents also can also have the possibility because they are less subject about their fitness nowadays. Obesity is certainly a condition whereby bizarre or immoderate fats accumulation that may impair health and additionally the genetic...
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Travel is a major factor when it comes to the spread of infectious diseases. Throughout history, there have been many examples of why traveling and migration have played a major factor in spreading very infectious diseases. In this essay, I’ll be explaining the consequences of traveling during an outbreak, how it relates to our world right now during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the history and examples of previous pandemics to support my claims. The consequences of traveling during an outbreak...
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Some people ask ' What is hypertension?' or ' What effect does it have on our body?' Well, Hypertension is when the force of blood against the artery walls get so high it causes a bunch of problems all over our bodies. Sounds complicated, right? Mainly all hypertension is high blood pressure that causes our blood to rise over the artery's wall. Here are some more things to know about Hypertension: Hypertension can cause A LOT of symptoms by itself....
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What is Asthma? Asthma is an often chronic (i.e.-long term and persistent) medical condition, that causes difficulty in breathing. It develops as a result of inflammation and muscular contraction within the (small) air passages inside the lungs. This restriction, combined with excessive mucus production, causes the symptoms associated with asthma. Asthma can be genetically inherited or triggered by environmental factors. Trigger factors (factors that can cause asthma) include amongst other things: Infections (chest/colds), other medicines (aspirin/Ibuprofen), pollen spores, exercise, cigarette...
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HIV Human Immunodeficiency virus or better known as HIV has been around for many years. The origin of this disease was traced back all the way to West Africa. Scientist believed that a Chimpanzee carried a version of “HIV” and when humans hunted and came in contact with the infected animal and its blood it mutated to a human version of it and is now known as HIV (the aids institute, 2013). The first case of HIV was reported to...
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Imagine having someone treat you different because you have a disorder. Imagine being criticized for understanding and viewing the world differently. Having a genetic disorder can greatly affect someone’s life in both positive and negative ways. According to Kumin and Schoenbrodt (2015), the commonness of Down syndrome is said to be about 8 per 10,000 people in the United States (pg. 330). In the article it states that “Down Syndrome is a genetic condition affecting memory, cognition, sensory and motor...
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Nearly everyone experiences the loss of a loved one in their lifetime. And, this traumatizing experience can have adverse effects on adolescents, as seen through the life of Holden Caulfield. The Catcher in the Rye portrays the long-term consequences of such traumatizing events and living a life filled with the lingering effects of grief. Grief is a process with 5 stages; denial, depression, bargaining, anger, and acceptance, and Holden portrays nearly every stage. In The Catcher in the Rye by...
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Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study which was published at conducted in the year 1990 provided the mostfirst comprehensive measureestimate about the burden of 135 diseases, and ischemic heart diseases were ranked as the leading cause followed by cerebrovascular disease as the secondcerebrovascular disease was found to be the second most frequent cause of mortality after ischemic heart diseases. . During the past few decades, the database for GBD has significantly evolved and use advanced methodologies for modelling the range...
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It is imperative to differentiate between epilepsy and seizures; epilepsy is a complex neurological condition which increases the susceptibility of individuals having gratuitous and recurring seizures. A seizure is warranted when normal electrical brain function is temporarily interrupted by burst of abnormal electrical signals. (University, 2015) Fundamentally not all seizures are due to epilepsy however, epilepsy is characterised by recurrent seizures. Epilepsy affects 450,000 people in the UK which is approximately 0.5-1% of the population. The neurons in our brain...
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Osteoporosis is a condition in. Victims and mass sheds undergo bone tissue reduction. It's a condition experienced by individuals 65 and above girls. Osteoporosis is also asymptomatic. Many individuals don't understand they have it until they undergo this disease's impact. Since there's been a reduction of bone density with osteoporosis, so you might be amazed at the capability of a fall or bump to rejuvenate bones. The rest might be a person in your arm, or it might happen on...
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Foods high in calcium and vitamin D are particularly great for fostering bone density. These will be the nutrients once we consider bones, but others also play a valuable role, such as calcium, potassium, calcium, and vitamin C. That any dietary plan ought to be balanced and include lots of veggies and fruits in addition to sources of protein. Some meals are much better than many others in this respect, so we'll break down super options for preventing and treating...
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