Biopharming the last two decades emphasis in new drug development has shifted from small-molecule chemicals to large-molecule proteins and other biopharmaceuticals such as human insulin, gene therapies and specialized antibiotic treatments.biopharmaing involves transgenic organisms, particularly plants and animals that have been genetically modified to produce drugs.The process of drug discovery involves the identification of candidates, synthesis, characterization, screening, and assays...
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As we move further into the 21st century, we are using more and more technology everyday in the field of education. However, as we study how technology affects education it is difficult to gage how it is being used in the field as a whole, unless we study individual subjects and observe what is happening. In this paper we are...
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Abstract The effect of light wavelength on the rate of photosynthesis in baby spinach leaves was determined by recording the consumption of carbon dioxide for four minutes. Red, blue, and green light were tested to determine which color increased the rate of photosynthesis the most. Each color has a specific range of wavelengths to describe it, and the closer the...
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With nutrients being consumed daily by individuals, this lab serves to inform one of the processes of osmosis and diffusion when digested, as well as detecting the nutrient that will result in either process. Due to the human viewing the objective, they must be informed of the processes that occur within their bodies, hence the usage of a semi-permeable membrane...
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The 21st century technology has increased their visibility and the use among the ordinary people in the society. This widely spread usage of internet can be seen among Bruneians as well. By 31 December 2017, 94.6% of Brunei’s total population had access to internet and it is expected that it will further grow in 2018 (Internet world stats, 2018). The...
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Throughout the history of mankind, an undiscovered world above us has fascinated us into studying and observing what could potentially lie behind nature’s secrets. A constant push to make discoveries has led us to several findings, recently and mostly related to the exploration of Mars, which could one day be a home for humans. NASA has already stated that humans...
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Introduction For this lab, we were to design trials testing different salt concentrations on various organisms and see how they reacted to the substance we laid on them. Also, to examine at how variance in pH balances altered several organisms. Acid rain was the main center of the lab in which the effects of this rain can have colossal outcomes...
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The occupation of microbiology has a lot of parts a person has to know before they can be one. Before you look at anything else, a person has to look at the educational requirements so they can know what they are headed into. Next, you need to know what the occupation does since there are many specialties in health care...
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The communications between a plant and the microbes surrounding it are extremely powerful and complicated. Remarkably, the immune system of plant is considered to have a significant contribution in characterizing the microbiome structure of plant. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking in an innate immune response called SAR (System acquired resistance) that have manifested variations in formation of bacterial community of rhizospheric...
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In Australia Gene editing technology is fast on the rise and has large potential for change in the future and therefore must be legislated and monitored with great care for the benefit of Australia and its inhabitants. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) allows scientists to essentially copy and paste DNA in humans, animals,bacteria and plants. The benefits of...
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Introduction Metals are classified as lustrous and malleable electrical conductors that are located mainly on the left side of the periodic table. Many industries around the world, such as metal plating and mining companies, produce wastewater contaminated with heavy metals such as lead and copper which they dispose of into the environment (Seniūnaitė, Vaiškūnaitė, Bolutienė 2014). This is a significant...
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Introduction Microbiology is the study of all living organisms that are too small to be visible with the human’s naked eye ( including Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoans, Parasites, and Viruses), usually called 'microbes'. (Schmacke et al., 2020) Some companies even use microbiology studies to develop new products that might kill the viruses and bacteria by helping to diagnose diseases such as...
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Rationale Well if the scientist is going to the moon they would have to prepare themselves to think that they may never come back because if they go to the moon to stay there the scientise probably won’t have a lot of fuel to come back. Also, on the moon, all of them would have to build and take with...
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Introduction Forensic investigations: defined by applications of principles to matter (Merriam, 2019). Examined through analytical techniques; procedures for analysis of facts, issues, or status- generally are tasked and time-limited (ManagementMania, 2016). However, with increased effectiveness- accuracy of findings will intensify and limitations will decrease. Chromatography is a technique used within forensics- separating components of a chemical mixture relying on the...
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The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in early 2003 was accepted by a number of governments as a challenge to their national security because of its adverse effects on their economies, including their hospital systems.The SARS epidemic is one of the beneficial case study for evaluating national and international capabilities to deal with disease outbreaks, both naturally...
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The ability of science to operate effectively within society is de- pendant on a number of factors. Science is totally reliant on the law for its regulation and control, while the boundaries in which science can operate are governed by legal constraints. These boundaries are strongly influenced by society which dictates acceptable levels of morals and ethics in which science...
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Introduction There is new ways in nutrition that is doctors recommend to some patient like keto diet and low carbohydrate diet . they depend on following lower intake of carbohydrate , sugars in their diet below 15% of their calories per day . patients follow those diets to lose wight or to recover from some diseases , change in metabolic...
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Abstract Modern biotechnology is recognised as one of a good potential application in agriculture sector and Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) is one of this application which is widely used in Malaysia in order to reinforce its agricultural sector as it rapidly increases in crops production. GMO can be defined as any organism which its genetic material has been modified using...
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The nutritional considerations that athletes need to be aware of in order to improve their performance are categorised into 3 sections, pre-performance, during-performance and post-performance. Pre-performance The athlete must be aware that it is important to be well-fueled and hydrated. Tennis players need to pay special attention to their pre-match meals and beverage choices as these foods and fluids may...
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Language, commonly seen as a particular psychological or behavioural phenomenon, with a conceptual status comparable to other phenomena, such as learning and thinking. Subsequently, this essay will argue that language avoids the psychological condition and represents the functional aspects in which behaviour emerges and becomes action. This paper elucidates the foundations of this pragmatic speech act theory as formulated by...
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Sacred spaces are initially thought to be conventional interiors that are defined by rituals and tradition. However, a closer consideration towards its visual language reveals meaning behind the characteristics of a space. Constructed in 1561, St. Basil’s Cathedral of Russia, designed by Postnik Yakolev and Iran Barma, raises a new way of imagining and analysing the poetics of sacred spaces....
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Now in this modern society, the world is gradually opening up and very variously countries and regions are gradually becoming together. Because of this, language has gradually become convergent. There are almost seven thousand languages around the world, but in every tow weeks, there is one language becomes perish. According to the tendency of the worldwide fashion, people nowadays are...
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Communication is a vital aspect of human interaction and is observed in all features of daily life from language, culture and signs (Fiske 2010, p. 2). So crucial is communication that its absence would mean the destruction of all human cultures (Fiske 2010, p. 2). John Fiske (2010) broadly defines communication as “social interaction through messages”. In particular, communication is...
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Viruses a foe which has affected the past and has now turned modern-day living into an almost apocalyptic like state due to the appearance of Covid-19. Along with being one of the most heavily studied areas within science, although a conclusive answer on whether viruses can be considered apart of the living or nonliving is still being debated. The virus...
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INTRODUCTION Carbohydrates are the most common biomolecules found in living organisms on earth, belonging to the class of organic compounds. Annually, photosynthesis convert over 100 billion cubic meters of CO2 and H2O into cellulose and other plant materials. Living matter is mainly composed of biomolecules formed of water and complex amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydrates are related to glycoprotein-forming...
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Introduction Sequencing is the arrangement of nucleotides. It includes different technologies that are used to arrange or know the arrangement of adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. It is used for molecular study of genomes and protiens that are encoded. Information that's obtained by sequencing help us to understand the changes in genome of an organism. Even by sequencing we can...
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Currently, the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic has led to an unprecedented shortage of disinfectants, hand sanitizers and detergents, especially in the United States and Europe. Hand sanitizer is regarded as an auxiliary product of hand soap and liquid. Since no vaccines or antiviral drugs have been developed to prevent or treat the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, the importance of using hand sanitizer for...
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Abstract Through the lens of this experiment, it shows that the gene Rfp encoding, a mutant of the red fluorescent protein - a product of the coral Discosoma striata, AmilCp encoding for the blue chromoprotein from Acropora millespora were duplicated into a pTTQ18 plasmid vector. Accompanied with the amplified PCR of the DNA fragments encoding carrying the Rfp and AmilCp...
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Some of the important points covered in this piece of work by M, O Hamid are rise of English language through colonization and its superiority over the other non-native speakers. The growing power of the English-speaking nations such as UK and the USA need common language for ecno-cultural system. There is more non-native speaker of English now due to adoption...
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Rationale The research question that was decided was formed from the claim 'Crispr can produce individuals who are free of genetic disease.' An article posted on the Morning Edition mentioned that a New York scientist conducted gene-editing experiments which, although raised some ethical concerns, could someday prevent many inherited diseases. Before the final question could be developed, numerous elements from...
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